湖南省长沙市第一中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题

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2023-2024-1 长沙一中高一上期中考试

英语

时量：120 分钟满分：150 分

第一部分听力(共两节，满分 30 分)略

第二部分阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)

第一节 (共15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Eye Opener Volunteer

Description

For about 30 years, the Museum of Science Eye Opener Program has been working with the Boston Public

Schools to bring the exciting world of science to second grade students from across the city. Each year, about 3, 000

students from over 45 Boston schools visit the museum to explore, ask questions and find answers. Since 1986,

funds from the Germeshausen Family Foundation have supported the Eye Opener Program in providing a guided

museum experience for second graders.

With the help of a large corps of volunteers, the program introduces these students to the museum and gives

them a chance to engage in science. Eye Opener volunteers encourage exploration and the excitement of discovery

as they share the museum with the children. They achieve these goals through conversation, hands-on experiments,

exploration of exhibits, and Practicing scientific thinking skills with program participants.

Responsibilities

Each Tuesday morning, the students are grouped into sets of 4 to 6 with a pair of volunteers who give them a

tour of the museum. Tours last about two hours and are tailored to the interests of the students.

Learn the lay-out of the museum to share and explore with second graders the exhibits which May be

interesting to them.

Encourage children to observe, compare, describe, ask questions and share ideas.

Know museum emergence and safety procedures.

Work in close collaboration with a diverse group of volunteers.

Minimum Qualifications

● Patience, sensitivity, and understanding.

● Willingness to work with young children and high school students of all backgrounds and abilities.

● Interest in informal science education.

Additional details

Commitment: Four-to six-month commitment.

Time: Tuesday mornings (9:30-12:30) throughout the school year.

Training: Attendance at the New Volunteer Orientation session is required.

1. The Museum of Science Eye Opener Program aims at ________.

A. encouraging teenagers to visit the museum

B. guiding young girls fall in love with science

C. directing Boston schools to teach science

D. helping kids engage in science in the museum

What can students do through the program?

A. Pay a visit to the museum any day they like.

B. Learn about what they are interested in.

C. Take a tour of the museum in a group of two.

D. Look around the museum for 4 hours each time.

3. The Volunteers are required to ________.

A. work on Tuesday mornings B. get a diploma in science

C. have a sense of humor D. volunteer for at least one year

In the animal kingdom, killer whales (虎鲸) are social stars: they travel in varied family groups, care for

grandchildren, and even imitate human speech. Now, scientists are adding one more behavior to the list: forming

fast friendships. A new study shows killer whales can rival animals such as chimpanzees and macaques (a kind of

monkey), and even humans when it comes to the kind of “social touch” that indicates strong bonds.

Some ocean animals maintain social structures — including male dolphins that learn the “names” of their

close allies (盟友). But there is little data about wild killer whales. That’s where drone (无人机) technology came

in. Michael Weiss, a behavioral ecologist, teamed up with his colleagues to launch drones, flying them 30 to 120

meters above a group of killer whales. That was high enough not to trouble the whales, marking the first time

drones have been used to study friendly physical contact in whales.

The researchers recorded over 800 instances of physical contact between individuals. Those included hugs,

back-to-back and nose-to-nose touches between pairs of whales. Other whales playfully threw young whales into

the air, letting them fall into the water. Besides, the drone images revealed clear preferences among individuals,

usually for one “best friend” of the same sex and age. Take J49 and J51 — two distantly related young males aged

9 and 6 — for instance. “Every time you see a group of whales, those two are right there interacting with each

other,” Weiss says.

The young led most of these interactions, rather than the older females or males. Older males in particular

were less important. “The young individuals really seem to be the glue holding the groups together,” Weiss says. As

individuals age, this gradual loss of “centrality” is known in many social mammals, including humans. That finding

is “especially appealing” to Stacey Tecot, who wasn’t involved in the study. “Scientists have long observed this

social aging trend in animals, but there are still many unanswered questions,” she says. That’s certainly on the

researchers’ radar. “We’re already gathering new data, with more advanced equipment,” says Weiss.

4. What does the underlined word “rival” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?

A. Benefit from. B. Be equal to. C. Depend on. D. Be fond of.

5. What is new about Weiss’ research?

A. The research method. B. The variety of species.

C. The size of the research team. D. The time spent on the research.

6. What did Weiss find about J49 and J51?

A. They have a stable friendship. B. Their interactions are more complicated.

C. Their communicating ways change frequently. D. They prefer playing with young female whales.

7. What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A. More researchers will be involved in the study.

B. Other scientists take a negative attitude to the research.

C. Researchers will collect more data to study killer whales.

D. Researchers will uncover the social aging trend in animals soon.

Thirteen years ago, Ava Kaufman was fighting for her life. Now, thanks to a donor heart and successful organ

transplant, she’s alive — and saving others.

“My life changed on a dime.” said Kaufman, who was a professional dancer and black belt in taekwondo (跆

拳道) when an autoimmune disease went undiagnosed and she ended up on life support in intensive care with organ

failure. On her birthday in 2009, she received a new heart and promised God if she could live to raise her young

daughter, she would do everything she could to give back. Today, Kaufman is doing just that.

Kaufman started her non-profit, Ava’s Heart. She and her organization offer transplant patients services that

are often not covered by insurance, including food, gas, and housing. She found out that patients often must show

financial security and be able to afford transportation and housing near their transplant hospital to get listed. And

for some patients hoping to receive a transplant in a big city like Los Angeles, where rents are high and hotels are

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