湖南省长沙市第一中学2023-2024学年高三上学期第二次月考英语试卷含答案

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2023-2024-1 长沙市一中高三上第二次月考
英 语
时量：120 分钟 满分：150 分
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）略
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节 （共15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
“Unfortunately, 85 percent of what makes us attractive or less to mosquitoes(蚊子) is hardwired in our genetic
circuit board,” says Winegard, author of The Mosquito: A Human History of Our Deadliest Predator. Still, there
are ways to outsmart summer’s most annoying party crashers, especially if all you want is to enjoy an evening on
your patio(露台).
Know your blood type
Only female mosquitoes feed on humans, and for good reason: The proteins in your blood help them grow and
mature their eggs. “She’s just being a good mom,” Winegard says. “People with blood type O are her top of choice.
They get bitten twice as much as people with blood type A, with blood type B falling in between.”
Stay cool
“Mosquitoes hunt by both smell and sight,” Winegard says. “They can smell the carbon dioxide and see the
heat signature of their target.” Avoiding alcohol can keep your body temperature lower — making you harder to
find —so consider choosing cocktail instead.
Wear light colors
Avoiding dark clothing can also keep you cooler, but that’s not the only reason it may offer relief. Mosquitoes,
like many biting flies, are attracted to darker colors. The thinking behind this is that the animals they typically feed
upon are larger, dark-bodied mammals(哺乳动物).
Get rid of standing water
Even a glass of drinking water left on the deck can become a breeding ground for mosquito eggs — and
mother mosquitoes lay about 100 eggs at a time. “They don’t need very much at all to breed. It can be a backyard
toy, like a truck that has a bit of water in it, or a crushed pop can,” says Winegard. If you get rid of it, they’ll go
somewhere else to lay their eggs.
21. What’s the intention of this text?
A. To introduce a new book. B. To offer professional tips.
C. To analyze a study of insects. D. To suggest throwing a party.
22. Why does a female mosquito feed on human blood?
A. To hatch more eggs. B. To raise a large family.
C. To identify blood types. D. To fully develop her body.
23. What can we learn about mosquitoes according to Winegard?
A. They can trace the smell of alcohol. B. They have energy-locating abilities.
C. They feed off dark-bodied animals. D. They need abundant water to breed.
B
The Malaysian actress, Michelle Yeoh, 60, shared some wisdom with the American Film Institute’s newest
graduating class in a speech as she accepted an honorary doctorate of fine arts at the class of 2022 graduation
ceremony.
She recalled her early years in the industry. After an injury dashed her dreams of going into ballet, Yeoh
bounced back at a gym where several stuntmen(特技替身演员) trained and ended up learning some tricks of the
trade from them.
“The first thing they taught me what to do was to tuck and roll, then how to fall on my side, and then how to
fall on my back. And after a while, it dawned on me that they were teaching me how to fall,” she recalled. “And
they said to me, ‘How are you going to go up if you don’t know how to come down?’” “That lesson sticks with me
to this day. I had to learn how to fall. Well, you could say I learned it in my bones, literally,” Yeoh added.
The actress mentioned jumping off a 20-foot highway overpass for one stunt, in which she over-rotated(旋转),
causing her back to fold in half and a stunt went wrong. “I didn’t land properly, but I completed the scene,” she
said.
“These moments taught me perseverance, courage and humility,” she said. “They also taught me to hone my
skills and eventually progress to the point where I was running on rooftops and jumping onto moving trains. I’m
not asking you all to do that, okay? What I want to share with you today is that our slips and stumbles(绊跌) are the
secrets to our flight. Trust me, that’s part of the deal. Success without failure is called luck. It cannot really be
repeated or relied upon. It is from failure that we learn and grow,” Yeoh continued.
The Crazy Rich Asians star concluded her speech: “Be courageous, take chances, break barriers, be proud of
what makes you unique.” “And most importantly, don’t be afraid to fall, for you are learning to fly,” Yeoh said.
24. Whan can we learn about Michelle Yeoh from the first two paragraphs?
A. She was tricked by several stuntmen.
B. She was passionate about working out in a gym.
C. She won a doctor’s degree in fine arts despite her old age.
D. She was terribly defeated by an injury and discouraged in her early years.
25. What lesson did Michelle Yeon learn from the stuntmen?
A. God helps those who help themselves.
B. Misfortune might be a blessing in disguise.
C. Successful people are learning experiences with others.
D. The greatest glory is not in never falling, but in rising every time we fall.
26. What does the underlined word “hone” in paragraph 5 mean?
A. Believe. B. Sharpen. C. Restore. D. Dominate.
27. What are the keys to our success according to the text?
A. Mistakes and failure. B. Luck and humility.
C. Courage and pride. D. Opportunities and skills.
C
“It’s a natural question,” Dr. Holt-Lunstad said about the “ideal” number of friends. “Just like we have
guidelines and recommendations for the amount of sleep we get and how physically active we are, this is health
relevant.” While she and other friendship researchers admit there aren’t many studies that have specifically tackled
the question of how many friends people should aim for, those that have been done offer a range.
Dr. Degges-White recently conducted a survey of 297 adults, which has not been published or subject to peer
review but found that 55 percent of participants believed two to three close friends was ideal, while 31 percent
thought four to six was the goal. But friendship and intimacy are subjective, and there isn’t a widely used scale
researchers share to define those concepts across studies. It’s also unclear how social media factors into all of this,
as research suggests the size of a person’s online network may not have any meaningful impact on their perceived
well-being.
While friendship research offers some standards, it may be more useful for most of us to consider if you need
more friends. Dr. Marisa Franco recommends starting with a fairly obvious but powerful question: Do I feel lonely!
“Also, different people bring out different parts of us. So when you have a larger friend group, you’re able to
experience this side of yourself that loves golf, and this side that loves cars,” she added. “If you feel like your
identity has sort of shrunk, or you’re not feeling quite like yourself, that might indicate you need different types of
friends.”
Of course, making friends in adulthood isn’t always easy. Research shows people struggle with it because they
find it difficult to trust new people. For those reasons, it is often easier to start by reawakening old relationships.
The amount of time you actually spend with your friends matters, too. Franco suggests that on average, very close
friendships tend to take around 200 hours to develop. But spending time with friends you feel ambivalent( 情绪复
杂的) about — because they’re unreliable, critical, competitive or any of the many reasons people get under our
skin — can be bad for your health.
28. Which statement would Dr. Holt-Lunstad probably agree with?
A. Healthy friendships contribute to quality sleep.
B. There have been guidelines for making friends.
C. Two to six close friends may be the most ideal.
D. Friendships can be a crucial factor in well-being.
29. How was Dr. Degges-White’s survey?
A. It summarized the statistics in previous studies.
B. It set standards on the exact number of friends.
C. It distinguished between friendship and intimacy.
D. It dismissed the influences of social media factors.
30. According to Franco, you have to make new friends if _____________.
A. your friend circle is large enough B. you have a wide range of hobbies
C. your personal identities are restricted D. you lead an unhappy adulthood life
31. What matters in maintaining close friendships according to Franco?
A. Quantities of time. B. Meeting frequency. C. Your healthy moods. D. Personalities of
friends.
D
Many robots track objects by “sight” as they work with them, but optical( 视觉的) sensors can’t take in an
item’s entire shape when it’s in the dark or partially blocked from view. Now a new low-cost technique lets a
robotic hand “feel” an unfamiliar object’s form — and skillfully handle it based on this information alone.
Roboticist, Xiaolong Wang in University of California, San Diego and his team wanted to find out if complex
coordination(协调) could be achieved in robotics using only simple touch data. The researchers attached 16 contact
sensors, each costing about $12, to the palm and fingers of a four-fingered robot hand. These sensors simply
indicate if an object is touching the hand or not. “While one sensor doesn’t catch much, a lot of them can help you
capture different aspects of the object,” Wang says. In this case, the robot’s task was to rotate(旋转) items placed in
its palm.
The researchers first collected a large volume of touch data as a virtual robot hand practiced rotating objects,
including balls. Using binary contact information (“touch” or “no touch”) from each sensor, the team built a
computer model that determines an object’s position at every step of the handling process and moves the fingers to
rotate it smoothly and stably.
Next they transferred this capability to operate a real robot hand, which successfully manipulated( 操 纵 )
湖南省长沙市第一中学2023-2024学年高三上学期第二次月考英语试卷含答案.docx

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