湖南省郴州市苏仙区多校2022-2023学年高二上学期期末线上联考测试英语试题（解析版）

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2022-2023 学年苏仙区上学期多校线上期末联考

高二英语

一、选择题(共20 题，每小题 2.5 分，共 50 分)

第一部分听力(共两节,满分 30 分)略

第二部分阅读(共两节,满分 50 分)

第一节(共15 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 37.5 分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Recent development has made possible machines that print, cook, and serve foods on a mass

scale. And the industry isn’t stopping there.

Food production

With a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for

decoration on a wedding cake. Not everybody can do that — it takes years of experience, but a

printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to “re-create forms and pieces” of food

that are “exactly the same,” freeing cooks to complete other tasks. In another restaurant, all of the

dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed, rather than farm to table.

Sustainability(可持续性)

The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate

that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels. Sustainability

is becoming a necessity. 3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution. Some experts

believe printers could use hydrocolloids (水解胶体) from plentiful renewables like algae( 藻类)

and grass to replace the familiar ingredients( 烹饪原料). 3D printing can reduce fuel use and

emissions. Grocery stores of the future might stock “food” that lasts years on end, freeing up shelf

space and reducing transportation and storage requirements.

Nutrition

Future 3D food printers could make processed food healthier. Hod Lipson, a professor at

Columbia University, said, “Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized

nutritional content, like vitamins. So instead of eating a piece of yesterday’s bread from the

supermarket, you’d eat something baked just for you on demand.”

Challenges

Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to

overcome. Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste( 糊状物) before a printer can

use them, and the printing process is quite time-consuming, because ingredients interact with each

other in very complex ways. On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry

ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Some experts are skeptical about

3D food printers, believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-end

restaurants.

1. What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production?

A. It helps cooks to create new dishes.

B. It saves time and effort in cooking.

C. It improves the cooking conditions.

D. It contributes to restaurant decorations.

2. What can we learn about 3D food printing from Paragraphs 3?

A. It solves food shortages easily.

B. It quickens the transportation of food.

C. It needs no space for the storage of food.

D. It uses renewable materials as sources of food.

3. According to Paragraph 4, 3D-printed food ________.

A. is more available to consumers

B. can meet individual nutritional needs

C. is more tasty than food in supermarkets

D. can keep all the nutrition in raw materials

【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 3D 打印技术的新发展——打印食物，并详细

介绍了与 3D 打印相关的食品生产、可持续发展、营养以及挑战。

【1题详解】

推理判断题。根据 Food production 部分下的“With a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated

chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake. Not everybody can do

that — it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a

Foodini to “re-create forms and pieces” of food that are “exactly the same,” freeing cooks to

complete other tasks.(通过 3D 打印机，厨师可以打印出复杂的巧克力雕塑和漂亮的蛋糕装饰

品。不是每个人都能做到这一点——这需要多年的经验，但打印机可以让它变得简单。西

班牙的一家餐厅使用 Foodini 来“重新创造”“完全相同”的食物形式和片段，让厨师们

有时间完成其他任务。)”可推断出，3D 打印技术能节省厨师烹饪的时间和精力，故选

B。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中“Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids (水解胶

体) from plentiful renewables like algae(藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients(烹饪

原料).(一些专家认为，打印机可以使用来自大量可再生能源，如藻类和草类的亲水胶体来

取代人们熟悉的成分。)”可知，3D 食品打印使用可再生材料作为食物来源。故选 D。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段中““Food printing could allow consumers to print food with

customized nutritional content, like vitamins.”(“食品打印可以让消费者打印出定制营养成分

的食品，如维生素。”)”可知，3D 食品打印能满足个人的营养需求，故选 B。

When Anika Puri visited India with her family four years ago, she was surprised to come

across a market in Bombay filled with rows of ivory jewelry ( 象牙饰品) and statues. Globally,

ivory trade has been illegal for more than 30 years, and elephant hunting has been prohibited in

India since the 1970s.

“I was quite shocked,” the 17-year-old from New York, recalls, “Because poaching ( 偷猎) is

illegal, how come it is still such a big issue?”

Curious, Puri did some research and discovered a shocking statistic: Africa’s forest elephant

population had declined by about 62 percent between 2002 and 2011. Years later, the numbers

continued to drop. Puri, a wildlife lover, wanted to do something to help protect the species and

others still threatened by poaching.

Over the course of two years, Puri created EISa, a low-cost product of a machine learning-

driven software that analyzes movement patterns in thermal infrared ( 热红外) videos of humans

and elephants. Puri says the software is four times more accurate than existing state-of-the-art

detection methods. It also eliminates the need for expensive high-definition thermal cameras,

which can cost thousands, she says. EISa uses a $250 FLIR ONE Pro thermal camera with 206 *

156 resolution that plugs into an off-the-shelf iPhone 6. The camera and iPhone are then attached

to a drone ( 无人机), and the system produces real-time inferences as it flies over parks as to

whether objects below are humans or elephants.

Its potential impact on society earned her the Peggy Scripps Award for Science

Communication. “Research isn’t a straight line,” Puri says. “It makes me resourceful. It helps me

develop into a more creative thinker.”

4. What inspired Anika Puri to make the invention?

A. One study trip to Bombay. B. The deep passion for law. C. One

visit in India. D. Her love for ivory.

5. How does the author explain the situation of Africa’s forest elephant?

A. By listing figures. B. By making comparison.

C. By showing an example. D. By referring to some former studies.

6. What’s the research like in Anika Puri’s eyes?

A. It’s tough and can’t reach the goal. B. It’s beneficial to one’s development.

C. It really requires a variety of resources. D. It should be further developed

because of the need.

7. What may be the best title of the text?

A. Poaching Is a Shocking Problem

B. Drones Were Applied to the Ban on Poaching

C. A Fantastic Discovery Was Eventually Made by a Brilliant Teenager

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