湖南省常德市第一中学2024届高三上学期第四次月考试题+英语+含答案

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常德市一中 2024届高三第四次月水平检测
英 语
时量：120 分钟 满分：150 分
Ⅰ第 卷
　第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转
涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How many languages are there in Google Translate?
A．133. B．157 C．300.
2．Where does the conversation take place?
A．In a hotel. B．In a bank. C．In a supermarket.
3．Who has gone back to New York?
A．Sandy. B．Sally. C．Stephen.
4．How does the woman eat for lunch at work now?
A．By ordering a takeout. B．By bringing food herself. C．By going to the restaurant.
5．What’s the homework for history class?
A．Read chapters 4 and 5 B．Read chapters 5 and 6 C．Write a five-page essay
第二节(共15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中
选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小
题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6．How does the woman feel about the dance competition?
A．Excited. B．Nervous. C．Confident.
7．What is the woman looking forward to most?
A．Dancing in front of many people. B．Watching good dancers on stage.
C．Making some good new friends.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 9 题。
8．What does the woman probably want the man to do?
A．Do some cleaning. B．Be careful in his job. C．Take out the trash in turn.
9．What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A．Mother and son. B．Brother and sister. C．Manager and new worker.
听第 8段材料，回答第 10 至12 题。
10．How does Jane probably feel?
A．Bored. B．Curious. C．Unhappy.
11．How much time did Jane have to finish the test?
A．30 minutes. B．60 minutes. C．90 minutes.
12．What will Jane do next?
A．Check her watch. B．Talk to her mother. C．Finish her math homework.
听第 9段材料，回答第 13 至16 题。
13．What does the woman think of the candidate?
A．Interesting. B．Satisfactory. C．Disappointed.
14．Where is the man working now?
A．In a supermarket.
B．In a small financial company.
C．In a large international company.
15．What is the man’s advantage for this candidate position?
A．His personality. B．His related experience. C．His customer resources.
16．When is the interview likely to take place?
A．On Monday. B．On Wednesday. C．On Friday.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至20 题。
17．How many presidents are there before Lincoln?
A．15. B．16. C．17.
18．What do you think of Lincoln’s family when he was young?
A．Rich. B．Poor. C．Large.
19．What led to the American Civil War?
A．Lincoln was elected to the president of the U.S.
B．Some southern states wanted to break off.
C．Some slaves began to fight for their rights.
20．What did Lincoln contribute most to his country?
A．He was one of the greatest lawyers in the U.S.
B．He gave one of the most famous speeches.
C．He managed to keep his country together.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
STEM　Summer　Programs　for　High　School　Students
STEM is a term that stands for science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Here is a
list of some of the best STEM summer camps for high school students.
Future　Matters　Program
It is an eight-week paid summer research experience for high school students. This is a hands-
on program for worldwide students interested in going after a career in medical research. Students
will attend seminars led by faculty and participate in discussions with peers.
Simons　Summer　Research
It is a seven-week program located at Stony Brook University. Students will have the
opportunity to participate in special workshops, tours and events. They will conclude the program
by producing a written research abstract and research poster.
Research　Science　Institute
It is the first cost-free program of its kind. During this seven-week program, students will dive
deeper into the world of science and engineering by experiencing the entire research cycle. In this
program, students attend classes conducted by famous professors and prepare oral presentations to
present their research.
Program　in　Math　for　Young　Scientists
This program is a six-week intensive mathematics program designed for students across the
globe. Unlike common programs, it offers a great deal of independence for students to choose their
own schedules and decide what they want to study. Besides learning, there is also “mandatory ( 强
制)fun time” built into the weekly schedule so that students are able to have non-math related
activities.
21. Which program will be summarized with written material?
A. Future Matters Program.
B. Simons Summer Research.
C. Research Science Institute.
D. Program in Math for Young Scientists.
22. What do Simons Summer Research and Research Science Institute have in common?
A. Expense. B. Requirement. C. Duration. D. Content.
23. What’s special in Program in Math for Young Scientists?
A. Cultivating independent sill. B. Attending non-math activities.
C. Enrolling international students. D. Tailoring personal schedules.
B
I was sitting at my desk when another graduate student in my lab approached me. “Can you
help?” he asked. His experiment wasn’t working and he desperately needed help. I was then a fifth
year PhD student, and I took pride in being the senior member of the lab, whom everyone looked
up to. But that also meant I was the one everyone turned to for help - which ate away hours, days,
and sometimes weeks that I could have spent on my own research.
There were many reasons I had a hard time saying no to such pleas（恳求）. I was new to the
United States for graduate school. I found it difficult to make new friends and discover activities I
enjoyed. So 1 spent a huge chunk of my time in the lab, with my lab-mates serving as my primary
source of social connection. I feared that if I brushed them off, I’d lose their favor.
But the extra responsibilities came at a cost. I had to work extra hours to catch up with my
own work, and I often made sacrifices to my personal life.
It wasn’t until my wife gave birth to our first child that I realized how thin I had stretched
myself, and how misguided my priorities were. While she lay in a hospital bed in the early stages of
labor, I sat nearby hunched(伏首前倾的)over my laptop finishing up a work report hours later,
after hearing my daughter’s first cry and watching her tiny fingers grab tightly onto mine, it
dawned on me: I should have been fully present during my daughter’s birth. I was clearly spending
too much time working if my job had intruded(侵入)into one of the most precious moments of my
life.
From then on, I decided to spend more time with my family by paring down my work tasks
and carefully considering each request for help. I still enjoyed collaborating with others, but I
prioritized mutually beneficial tasks or those my manager asked me to take on, rather than
accepting everything that came my way.
I noticed many benefits: no longer working overtime, more family time, and improved work
performance. I was also pleased to discover that “Sorry, I’d love to help but I have a deadline
coming up” is an acceptable response to a request for assistance.
It’s hard to say “no” to those you work with. But I’ve learned that sometimes that’s the best
course of action to avoid an excessive workload and lead a freer and happier life.
24. Why did the author find it difficult to refuse the requests of his lab-mates?
A. He was afraid to be left out by them. B. He wanted to earn their respect.
C. He was the senior member of the lab. D. He had once received help from them.
25. What did the author realize after his daughter’s birth?
A. He was guilty for his absence when she was born.
B. His wife had sacrificed a lot for the family.
C. He should have balanced work and life better.
D. He should work harder due to the increased responsibilities.
26. What did the author decide to do after his daughter’s birth?
A. To put his work tasks aside. B. To cut his work tasks down.
C. To stop his work tasks D. To get familiar with his work tasks.
27. What is the text mainly about?
A. Enjoying family life. B. Giving priority to family.
C. Giving and taking. D. Learning to say “no”.
C
Cancer is caused by gene mutations ( 突变) that accumulate in cells over time, yet long-lived
animals that have lots of cells, such as elephants and whales, hardly ever get it. Why?
For elephants, at least, part of the answer may be the gene commonly known as p53, which
also helps humans and many other animals repair DNA damaged during replication ( 复 制 ).
Elephants have an amazing 20 copies of this gene. Those copies, each with two variations produce
a total of 40 proteins, compared with humans’ (and most animals’) single copy producing two
proteins.
In mammals, p53 plays a crucial role in preventing mutated cells from turning into tumors ( 肿
瘤). It works by pausing replication and then either initiating repair or causing cells to self-destruct
if the damage is too extensive. Without action from p53, cancer can easily take hold: in more than
half of all human cancers, the gene’s function has been lost through random mutations.
The scientists virtually modeled and studied carefully elephants’ 40 p53 proteins, finding two
ways the gene could help elephants avoid cancer. First, the fact that elephants possess multiple
copies lowers the chance of p53 no longer working because of mutations. Additionally, elephants’
p53 copies activate in response to varying mutations and so respond to damaged cells differently,
which likely gives an edge when detecting and getting rid of mutations.
These “remarkable” results imply that elephants have a series of means through which p53 can
operate, says Sue Haupt, a cell biologist who was not involved in the work. This points to “exciting
possibilities for exploring powerful new approaches to cancer protection in humans,” she adds.
Study co-author Robin Fahraeus and his colleagues are now following up on these results
using blood samples from an African elephant at the Vienna Zoo. They are exploring how its p53
proteins interact with damaged cells and plan to compare those findings with results from human
cells.
28. What does the underlined word “initiating” mean in paragraph 3?
A. Delaying. B. Indicating. C. Stopping. D. Starting.
29. How do p53 copies free elephants from cancer?
A. By preventing the replication thoroughly.
B. By providing precise response continuously.
C. By lowering the chance of mutations in advance.
D. By repairing the damaged cells in the same way.
30. What can we conclude from the last 2 paragraphs?
A. The results need further tests.
B. More biologists will participate in the study.
C. The results throw light on humans’ fighting cancer.
D. Researchers have new findings in African elephants.
31. What is the text mainly about?
A. Why elephants don’t get cancer.
B. What contributes to elephants’ long life.
C. Where the anticancer breakthrough lies.
D. How the key cancer-fighting gene works.
D
Jason, a straight-A student from the University of Pennsylvania, uses the term “pseudo-
working” to describe how many of us study. The pseudo-worker looks and feels like someone who
is working hard — he or she spends a long time in the library and is not afraid to push on late into
the night — but, because of a lack of focus and concentration, he or she’s doesn’t actually
accomplish much.
This phenomenon can be seen on most college campuses. For example, at Dartmouth there
was a section of the main library that was open twenty-four hours a day, and the students I used to
see there late at night crowded in groups, drinking coffee, were definitely pseudo-working. The
roommate who flips through her chemistry notes on the couch while watching TV is pseudo-
working.
By placing themselves in distracting environments and insisting on working long hours, these
students are damaging their brain’s ability to think clearly and efficiently accomplish the task at
hand. In the end they get half the results with twice the effort.
The bigger problem here is that most students don’t even realize that they’re pseudo-working.
To them pseudo-working is work — it’s how they’ve always done it, and it’s how all of their
friends do it. It never crosses their mind that there might be a better way. Straight-A students, on
the other hand, know all about pseudo-working. They fear it. It not only wastes time, but it’s also
mentally tiring.
In fact, the most important skill in becoming a straight-A student is the ability to get work
done quickly and with a minimum of wasted effort. Some cognitive science research concludes that
about fifty minutes is the optimal learning period to maximize the material integrated per time unit.
So how do these students achieve this goal? To understand their secret to success, consider the
following simple formula (公式): work accomplished = time spent × intensity of focus.
Pseudo-working features a very low intensity of focus. Therefore, to accomplish something by
pseudo-working, you need to spend a lot of time. The straight-A approach on the other hand,
increases intensity in order to use less time.
32. Which of the following phenomenon is pseudo-working?
A.Tom is busy taking notes while attending a lecture.
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