《八年级英语上册期末考点大串讲（人教新目标版）》专题01 词性变化及专练（解析版）

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词性变化及专练

一．词性变化

1.wonder(v.)想知道→wonderful(adj.)精彩的；绝妙的

2.activity(n.)活动→active(adj.)积极的

3.decide(v.)决定→decision(n.)决定

4.full(adj.)忙的；满的→fill(v.)填满；充满

5.die(v.)消失；灭亡→dead(adj.)死的；无生命的→death(n.)死亡

6.hardly(adv.)几乎不→hard(adj.& adv.)困难的；坚硬的；努力地；猛烈地

7.yourself(pron.)你自己→yourselves(复数)你们自己

8.building(n.)建筑物→build(v.)建造

9.wet(adj.)湿的→wetter(比较级)→wettest(最高级)→dry 干的(反义词)

10.wait(v.)等待→waiter(n.)服务生→waitress(n.)女服务生

11.hunger(n.)饥饿→hungry(adj.)饥饿的

12.health(n.)健康→healthy(adj.)健康的→healthily(adv.)健康地

13.loud(adj.)大声的→loudly(adv.)大声地；喧闹地

14.quiet(adj.)安静的→quietly(adv.)轻声地；安静地

15.clear(adj.)清楚的→clearly(adv.)清楚地

16.win(v.)获胜→winner(n.)获胜者

17.care(v.)关心→careful(adj.)认真的→careless(adj.)粗心的→carefully(adv.)认真地→carelessly(adv.)粗心地

18.serious(adj.)严重的；严肃的→seriously(adv.)严重地；严肃地；认真地

19.break(v.)打破→broken(adj.)坏的；破碎的

20.comfortable(adj.)舒服的→comfortably(adv.)舒服地

21.reporter(n.)记者→report (v.)报道

22.magician(n.)魔术师→magic(adj.)有魔力的

23.talent(n.)才能；天赋→talented(adj.)有才干的；有才能的

24.act(v.)行动→action(n.)行动→actor(n.)演员→actress(n.)女演员

25.serve(v.)接待；服务；提供→service(n.)服务

26.bad(adj.)→worse(比较级)→worst(最高级)

27.true(adj.)真的→truly(adv.)真正；确实→truth(n.)实情；事实

28.give(v.)给；提供→gave(过去式)→given(过去分词)

29.education(n.)教育→educational(adj.)教育的；有教育意义的

30.discuss(v.)讨论→discussion(n.)讨论

31.meaningless(adj.)无意义的→meaningful 有意义的(反义词)→meaning(n.)意义；意思→mean(v.)意思是

32.successful(adj.)→success(n.)成功→succeed(v.)成功→successfully(adv.)成功地

33.personal(adj.)个人的；私人的→person(n.)人

34.foreign(adj.)外国的→foreigner(n.)外国人

35.own(adj.& pron)→owner(n.)主人；物主

36.plan(v.& n.)打算；计划→planning(现在分词)→planned(过去式和过去分词)

37.appear(v.)出现→disappear 消失(反义词)

38.driver(n.)司机→drive(v.)驾驶

39.beginning(n.)开头；开端→begin(v.)开始

40.stand(v.)忍受；站立→stood(过去式和过去分词)

41.medicine(n.)药；医学→medical(adj.)医疗的；医学的

42.pollute(v.)污染→pollution(n.)污染

43.peace(n.)和平→peaceful(adj.)和平的；安宁的

44.believe(v.)相信→believable(adj.)可相信的；可信任的

45.possible(adj.)可能的→impossible(adj.)不可能的(反义词)→possibly(adv.)可能；或许

46.finally(adv.)最终→final(adj.)最后的

47.salt(n.)盐→salty(adj.)咸的

48.cover(v.& n.)遮盖；覆盖；盖子→discover(v.)发现(反义词)

49.fill(v.)使充满；装满→full(adj.)满的

50.paper(n.)纸→newspaper(n.)报纸

51.fall(v.)跌倒；掉落→fell(过去式)

52.dig(v.)挖；掘→digging(现在分词)→dug(过去式)

53.tradition(n.)传统→traditional(adj.)传统的；惯例的

54.educate(v.)教育→education(n.)教育→educational(adj.)教育的；有教育意义的

55.celebrate(v.)庆祝→celebrated(过去式)→celebrating(现在分词)→celebration(n.)庆祝；祝贺

56.agree(v.)同意→disagree (v.)不同意；有分歧(反义词)→agreement(n.)一致；同意

57.prepare(v.)准备→preparation(n.)准备

58.invite(v.)邀请→invitation(n.)邀请；请柬

59.normal(adj.)正常的；一般的→normally(adv.)通常；正常情况下

60.catch(v.)及时赶上；接住；抓住→catches( 单三 )→caught(过去式)

61.opening(n.)开幕式；落成典礼→open(v.& adj.)打开；开着的

62.advice(n.)建议→advise(v.)建议

63.certainly(adv.)无疑；肯定；当然→certain(adj.)无疑的

64.travel(v.& n.)旅行；游历→traveler(n.)旅行者

65.meet(v.)遇见；相逢→met(过去式)→meeting(n.)会议；集会；会面

66.sad(adj.)悲伤的→sadness(n.)悲哀；忧伤

67.angry(adj.)生气的→anger(n.)生气→angrily(adv.)发怒地；生气地

68.understand(v.)理解；领会→understood(过去式)→understanding(adj.)善解人意的；体谅人的

69.solve(v.)解决→solved(过去式)→solution(n.)解决；解答；解决方法

70.hang(v.)悬挂；垂下→hung(过去式)

71.care(v.)在意；关心；担忧→careful(adj.)小心的；慎重的→carefully(adv.)细致地；谨慎地

二．专题训练

一

1. Claire's interest is different from her _____. She likes keeping bees, but they love training the dogs. (friend)

2. Sally studied really hard these days, _________to get a good result in the final examination.(hope)

3. It was very ______for Chinese families to have two children or more in the 1990s. At that time, most parents had

only one child. (usual)

4. Long coats are quite popular this winter, so I also bought one_______, it made me look shorter, fatter and uglier.

(fortunate)

5.It's very convenient to travel around London, It has got a much_______ public transportation system. (modern)

6. The Trump family began the holiday season by decorating and taking _____of Christmas trees. (photo)

7. Steve Jobs_____Reed University, set up the Apple Company and earned a lot of money.(leave)

8. People thought the ________Edinburgh International Book Festival a great success. (nine)

9.Mo Yan, the first Chinese writer to win the Nobel Prize in literature,_____a new book at the moment. (write)

10. A young man jumped into the river to save the little girl without_____off his coat. (take)

【答案】1. friends’ 2. hoping 3. unusual 4. fortunately 5. more modern6. photos 7. left 8. Ninth 9. is

writing 10. taking

二

1. Claire's interest is different from her _____. She likes keeping bees, but they love training the dogs. (friend)

2. Sally studied really hard these days, _________to get a good result in the final examination.(hope)

3. It was very ______for Chinese families to have two children or more in the 1990s. At that time, most parents had

only one child. (usual)

4. Long coats are quite popular this winter, so I also bought one,_______, it made me look shorter, fatter and

uglier. (fortunate)

5. It's very convenient to travel around London, It has got a much_______ public transportation system. (modern)

6. The Trump family began the holiday season by decorating and taking _____of Christmas trees. (photo)

7. Steve Jobs_____Reed University, set up the Apple Company and earned a lot of money.(leave)

8. People thought the ________Edinburgh International Book Festival a great success. (nine)

9. Mo Yan, the first Chinese writer to win the Nobel Prize in literature,_____a new book at the moment. (write)

10. A young man jumped into the river to save the little girl without_____off his coat. (take)

【答案】1. friends’ 2. hoping 3. unusual 4. unfortunately 5. more modern

6. photos 7. left 8. Ninth 9. is writing 10. taking

三

用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空

1. Your brother is ________(certain) a good student.

2. There are some spelling________(mistake) in your homework.

3. If I become a doctor when I grow up, I________(be) able to help others.

4. We have a class ________(meet) every Friday afternoon.

5. They ________(solve) the problem successfully the day before yesterday.

6. If I win, I will ________(take) a short vacation with my family.

7. How many ________(mile) is it from your home to that village?

8. There are many clubs for ________(teenager) in our city.

9. Last week Tony ________(organize) an English party in the hall.

10. —Hi, Tony. You look so tired.

—Well, I kept ________ (run) for half an hour because I missed the school bus.

【答案】1.certainly　2.mistakes　3.will be　4.meeting　5.solved

6.take　7.miles　　8.teenagers　9.organized 10.running

四

用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空

1. Mr. Black felt much ________(sad) when he heard the news.

2. These emails were not useful. He ________(delete) them.

3. Frank is looking forward to ________(play) a part in the school sports meeting.

4. We were ________(surprise) to know that he was from a foreign country.

5. It is one of the most important ________(event) in the history of China.

6. Careful ________(prepare) for the test is very important.

7. Let them ________(print) the book for us.

8. There is still some ________(glue) in the bottle. You can use it first.

9. Mr. Li isn’t glad ________(see) his son ________(hang) out in the street.

10. How many ________(guest) did you invite to your party?

【答案】1. sadder　2. deleted　3. playing　4. surprised　5. events

6. preparation 　7. print　8. glue 9. to see；hanging　10. guests

五

用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空

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