考点15 语法填空 制胜2022年高考英语一轮复习考点讲练

3.0 envi 2025-03-05 41 4 186.65KB 16 页 3知币
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制胜 2022 年高考英语一轮复习考点讲练
考点 15 语法填空
语法填空则更侧重考查考生语法和词汇在语境中的运用，强调词汇的变形，同时强调
语篇分析能力，凸显交际性和语境化特征。
1. 语篇型填空的命题方式：有提示词和无提示词。
2. 命题意图和方向：给出提示词多考察实词（动词、名词、形容词、副词）的词性转
换和基本用法，如动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词、主谓一致；名词单复数；形容词副词
比较等级等。无提示词多考察虚词 ，主要是介词、冠词、连词等。预计未来 高考这些仍然
是考查热点。语篇型填空对学生的理解能力提出了越来越高的要求，每篇文章中都有一两
个较长较难的句子，这对部分同学造成了一定的困扰。
3. 备考策略：熟练掌握大纲词汇单词，尤其是重点词汇的用法。多背短语、句子、语
篇，牢固掌握基本的语法知识。
【2021·全国甲卷】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Xi’an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China’s long history.
It_____61_____ (build) originally to protect the city _____62_____ the Tang dynasty and has now
been completely restored ( 修 复 ). It is possible _____63_____ (walk) or bike the entire 14
kilometers.
We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you
can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall.
After _____64_____ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall,
we decided it was time for some action and what _____65_____ (good) than to ride on a piece of
history!
We _____66_____ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old
and shaky _____67_____ did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all _____68_____ way around
the Xi’an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates
and _____69_____ (watchtower) to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about
their _____70_____ (day) routines.
解析 ：本文介绍了西安城墙的历史、景观及作者游玩西安城墙的体验。
61. was built 考查时态和语态。因主语 it (The Xi’an City Wall) 与build 是被动关系，故
用被动语态；又由后文的 the Tang dynasty 可知，用一般过去时，故填 was built。
62. in 考查介词。表示“在某个朝代”用介词 in。
63. to walk 考查非谓语动词。因 it is possible to do sth 为固定搭配，意为“做某事是可能
的”。
64. spending 考查非谓语动词。在介词 after 后用动名词，故填 spending。
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65. better 考查形容词比较级。由 than 可知这里用比较级形式。
66. hired 考查动词的时态。结合上下文的时态可知，此处用一般过去时。
67. but 考查连词。因“我的单车又旧又摇晃”与“能顶用，起作用”是转折关系。
68. the 考查冠词。特指沿着西安城墙的这条路，用定冠词 the。
69. watchtowers 考查名词单复数。因被 different 修饰，故用复数形式。且前文的 gates
也有提示。
70. daily 考查词性转换。在名词 routines 前作定语，用形容词，daily routines 表示“日常
生活”。
【2021·全国乙卷】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact ( 影 响 )travel to undisturbed places. It is
different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 61 (educate) about the
areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides
money for conservation and benefits the 62 (develop) of the local areas.
Ecotourism has 63 (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not
widely accepted as a travel concept 64 the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental
awareness made it desirable.
Due to 65 growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types
66 trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the
following principles:
Minimize the impact of 67 (visit) the place.
Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.
Provide 68 (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
Make sure that the tourism provides positive experiences for both the visitors and
the hosts.
Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of
its unique biodiversity. 69 (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking ( 远 足 ) and
accommodations aim 70 (have) a low impact on the natural environment.
解析： 本文是一篇说明文，本文向读者简要介绍了以生态环境为主要景观的旅游起源
和特点。
61. educated。考查非谓语动词。educate 与逻辑主语 traveler 之间是被动关系，故应用
educated 作表语，意为“受到教育的”。
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62. development。考查词性转换。空格中所填单词在句中作 benefits 的宾语，需用
develop 的名词形式。
63. its。考查代词。空格中所填单词在句中作定语，修饰名词 origin，需用it 的形容词
性物主代词形式。
64. until。考查介词。句中考查了 not...until...（直到……才……）句型。句意：直到20
世纪 80 年代末，它才被广泛接受为一种旅游理念。
65. the。考查冠词。growing popularity 受of environmentally-related and adventure travel
修饰，故填表示特指的定冠词 the。
66. of。考查介词。various types of 是固定搭配，意思是“各种类型的”。
67. visiting。考查非谓语动词。动名词短语 visiting the place 在句中作介词 of 的宾语。
68. financial。考查词性转换。空格中所填单词在句中作定语，修饰名词 aid，故需用
finance 的形容词形式。
69. Activities。考查名词复数。空格中所填单词在句中作主语，由句中 from whale
watching to hiking 可知，这里指各种各样的活动，需用activity 的复数形式。
70. to have。考查非谓语动词。aim 后常接不定式作宾语，aim to do sth 旨在做某事。
语法填空解题思维导图（需牢记）
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