初中英语语法基础——冠词的分类、用法归纳讲解与同步练习 (有答案)

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初中英语语法复习——冠词的分类与用法归纳(附同步练习题)
复习目标与重点:
1.掌握冠词与名词 (可数/不可数) 的关系;
2.掌握不定冠词的概念与用法;
3.掌握定冠词的概念和用法;
4.掌握英语中常见不用冠词的情况;
冠词知识点总结归纳:
一、冠词的概念:英语中用在名词或名词词组的前面,表示名词是特指还是泛指。冠词是一种虚词。
二、冠词的分类与用法:冠词分为不定冠词定冠词两种形式。
1不定定冠 aan 通常可数指“,意one”
(区别:a 用在发音以辅音开头的名词之前, an 则用在以元音开头和发音的名词之前。)
不定冠词的用法归纳:
(1)表示数量“一”,相当于“one”I’ll return in a day or two
(2)表示“同一”,相当于“the same”The children are of an age
(3)表示泛指或类指,指人或事物的某一个、某一类。如:
She is ill, she has to see a doctor. / A horse is a useful animal
(4)用于某一些表示重量、长度、时间等单位前,表示“每一”。
如: We have meals three times a day(我们一天吃三餐。)
(5)用于专有名词前表示类似的一个或某一个,相当于“a certain”
如:A Mr. Li is asking to see you. (一位姓李的先生要见你。)
(6)与某些物质名词或抽象名词连用,表示“一种、一类、一份、一场、一阵 ”如:
a surprise 一件惊讶/惊喜的事;a success 一个成功的人();a green tea 一种绿茶;a heavy rain 一场大雨
(7)用在某些固定词组中。如:
have a swim/walk/talk/dance/look =swim/walk/talk/dance/look
have a cold, have a good time, keep a diary, in a hurry, once in a while, at a loss, for a while, once upon a time,
all of a sudden, tell a lie, do sb. a favour, at a distance, have a good knowledge of, as a matter of fact, as a result
表示数量的,如: a little, a bit, a lot, a few, a number of, a kind of, a piece of, a great deal of, an amount of
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She has a few friends in this city.
There is a little milk in the bottle.
2.定冠词:定冠词只有 the 一个. 可数名词和不可数名词前均可以使用,特指“那一个”。
定冠词的用法归纳:
(1)表示上文提到过的人或事物。如:I have bought a book. The book is very useful
(2)用于说话人与听话人心中都知道的人或事物。如:Close the window, please
(3)用于表示世界上独一无二的事物前。如:the sun, the moon, the earth, the world 等。
(4)用于表示方位的名词之前。如:in the east, on the right
(5)用于序数词或形容词的最高级之前。如:the first, the tallest
(6)用于形容词之前,使其名词化,表示一类人。如:the poor, the rich, the sick, the homeless, the old
(7)用于由普通名词构成的专有名词之前。如:the United States, the United Nation
(8) 用于江河、海洋、海峡、山脉、群岛、建筑物等的名词之前。如:the Yellow River, the East Lake
(9)用于复数姓氏之前,表示“夫妇”或“全家人”。如:The Smiths 表示:姓氏为 Smith 的一家人。
(10)用于作为课程或演奏等的西洋乐器名词前。如:play the piano; play the violin
(11)用于表示单位的名词前。如:by the day(month)按日()by the yard(foot)按码(英尺)
(12)用于年代、朝代、时代名词前。如:in the 1970s, the Tang Dynasty
(13) 用于某些固定词组中。如:in the morning/afternoon/evening, on the other hand, at the same time
、英语中不用冠词的情况:
(1)不含普通名词的专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名、语言等名词前,一般不加冠词。
如:China , America, Smith, speak English, learn Chinese
(2)可数名词前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等限制时,不加冠词。如:
I like this picture; Einstein’s theory proved to be correct
(3)季节、月份、星期、节日、假日、一日三餐名称前一般不加冠词。如:March, May Day, National Day,
Children’s Day, Women’s Dayhave/for + breakfast/lunch/dinner
(4)特定呼语、独一无二的头衔职务、职务名词前一般不加冠词。
如:What shall I do next, Mother? We elected him president of our university
(5) 序数词或形容词的最高级之前有人称代词所有格修饰时,一般不加冠词。
如: my eighteenth birthday 我的十八岁生日; our first prize 我们的第一个奖品
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(6)学科名称、球类、棋类名称前不加冠词。如:
Do you study physics? He likes playing football/chess
(7)复数名词表示泛指一类人或事物时前不用冠词。如:
They are peasants/ workers
(8)在与 by 连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词。如:
by car, by bus, by bike, by train, by air/ water/ land
(9)连系动词 turn 后的表语单数可数名词前不用冠词。如:
The young worker has turned writer
(10)no such 连用时应放在 such 之前,such 后面的名词前不用冠词。
如: No such thing has ever happened in this village
(11)as, though 引导的倒装的让步状语从句中的表语(单数可数名词名词)置于句首时不用冠词。
如:Child as he is, he knows a lot
(12)husband and wife, brother and sister, body and soul, day and night, by air,
on foot, at night, after school, at home, go to class, in fact, hand in hand, side by side, go to school, leave school, in
prison, at work, on foot, from door to door, from morning till night, year after year, step by step
冠词复习专项练习:
(  )1.I think it's really ________ hard work for me to finish the job in twenty minutes.
A.a Ban Cthe D.不填
(  )2.Do you know a spaceship flies at about nineteen kilometers ________ second?
Athe Ba C/ Dan
(  )3.—Does Heze have ________ airport?
—No, but we can take ________ bus to Jinan or Zhengzhou.
Aan; the Ban; a Cthe; a Da; a
(  )4.It's a good habit to go to ________ bed early and get up early.
Aa Ban Cthe D/
(  )5.—Look! Who's ________ boy over there?
—Oh, he is my cousin, Bob.He is ________ honest boy.
Aa; the Bthe; a Cthe; an Da; an
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初中英语语法基础——冠词的分类、用法归纳讲解与同步练习 (有答案).docx

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作者:envi 分类:初中 价格:3知币 属性:7 页 大小:22.42KB 格式:DOCX 时间:2025-03-27

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