2020-2021学年上海牛津版六年级下册语法-现在完成时讲解及提升练习（有答案）

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上海牛津版 6B 语法复习-现在完成时讲解及提升练习

一、现在完成时的构成

1. 肯定式：

主语＋have/has ＋过去分词＋其它

I've just copied some new words. ① 我刚抄写了所有的生词。 (表示不要再抄了)

She has lost her books. ② 她丢失了她的书。（表示到目前为止还没有找到）

We've just cleaned the classroom. ③ 我们刚好打扫了教室。（表明现在教室是干净

的）

2. 否定式：

主语＋have/has＋not＋过去分词＋其它

I haven't finished my homework yet. ①

She hasn't travelled on a train.②

We have never spoken to a foreigner. ③

I have never seen him before. ④

3. 一般疑问式：

Have/Has ＋主语＋过去分词＋其它？

—Have you ever made dumplings?①—Yes, I have.

—Has she ever been abroad? ②—No, never.

—Have they found the lost books yet? ③—Yes, they have.

二、现在完成时的用法

1. 现在完成时的用法一：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

此时，常与时间副词 already （已经），yet（还、已经），

just ( 刚刚、仅仅)，ever （曾经），never （从不），

before（以前）等连用。

【知识拓展】

◆already 意为“已经”，通常用于肯定句中，可放在助动词之后，过去分词之前，也可

以放在句末。

I've already read this book.

I've already washed my clothes.

◆yet 用在疑问句中意为“已经”，用在否定句中意为“还”，常放在句末。

—Has he found his watch yet? —No, not yet.

The woman hasn't found her dog yet.

◆just 意为“刚刚”，表示行为刚刚过去，常放在助动词与过去分词之间。

He has just come back from school.

ever 意为“曾经”，用于疑问句或否定句中，放在助动词与过去分词之间。

Have you ever been to Hong Kong?

I haven't ever spoken to her.

◆never 意为“从来没有”常与 before 连用（before 要放在句尾，而 never 多放在助动词

与过去分词之间。

I have never travelled by plane before.

◆before 意为“以前”，指过去不确定的某个时间，总是放在句末，不受句型的限制。

Have you been to Hainan before?

I haven't eaten Guangdong food before.

II．句型。

I've lived here since 1990①．

= I've lived here since 23 years ago.

= I've lived here for 23 years.

= It is 23 years since I began to live here.

I haven't seen him for three years ②

= I haven't seen him since three years ago

Mr. Wang has worked in the factory for 5 years.③

She's been at this school since five years ago.④

注意：词义辨析

短语中文释义常用搭配例句

have been to “去过”，已经回来次数; once, twice, three times She has been to her hometown three times.

have been in “在…” for +一段时间 She has been in her hometown for over 3

years.

have gone to “去了”，还没回来问答形式 --Where is Jane?

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