2020-2021学年人教版八年级下册英语单元语法知识点总结

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Unit 1 What’s the matter?
一、 询问某人的健康问题及遭到麻烦的表达方法
(1)询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦时,常用以下几种结构来表达:
What's the matter/wrong/ the trouble (with sb.)?(某人)怎么了?
What happened (to sb.)?(某人)发生了什么事? /Are you OK?你没事吧?
Is there anything wrong with sb.?某人有什么事吗?
(2)要表达身体疼痛或不舒服,可用以下结构:
① 某人+have/has+病症. I have a cold/cough.
某人+have/has+a+headache/toothache/stomachache/backache/earache.
③ 某人+have/has+a+sore+发病部位. He has a sore throat.他喉咙痛。
④ 某人+hurt(s)+身体部位或反身代词. He hurt his leg.他的腿受伤了。
⑤ 某部位+hurt(s). My head hurts badly.我头痛得厉害。
某人+have/has+a pain+in one’s+身体部位. I have a pain in my head.
⑦There is something wrong /S omething is wrong +with one’s 身体部位.
其他表达 She has a heart trouble./He got hit on the head./She cut her fi
nger
二 情态动词 should 的用法(P108)
1.Should 为情态动词,意为“应该;应当”,否定式为 shouldn’t,其后接动词原
形,无人称和数的变化。常用来表示征询意见、建议、劝告、要求或义务等。
2.Should 用于主语为第一人称的疑问句,表示征询意见。
Should I put some medicine on it?我应当给它敷上药吗?
三、反身代词(P108)(补充:常见反身代词词组)
1
teach oneself/learn by oneself 自学
enjoy oneself 玩的开心 help oneself 随便吃或喝
Unit 2 I'll help clean up the city parks.
一、动词不定式
1. 作主语
为避免句子的头重脚轻,常 it 为形式主语,而真正的主语--动词不定式后置
It +be+adj./n.+(for/of sb.) to do sth.( for to do
sth,用 of 时形容词修饰 sb)
It's very important for us to keep healthy.
It's very kind of you to help the poor people.
2.作宾语
动词 want/ would like, decide, hope/wish, agree, choose, learn,
plan, need, teach,expect,refuse, prepare…常接动词不定式作宾语。
I hope to be a scientist.
3. 在名词或代词后作(后置)定语
常用于“have/has+sth.+to do”“a good way/ time to do sth.”等结构中。
I have much homework to do.
4. 作宾语补足语
tell/ask/get, want, invite, teach, send to
语,构成 tell/ask/want /call/invite sb. to do sth.结构。
My mother asked me to buy some salt.
2
【注意】动词不定式作使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语时应省去 to:
(feel)(listen to, hear)(let, make, have)(look at,
see, watch, notice),半帮助(help)”。
I often see him play basketball on the playground.
(feel)(listen to, hear)(look at, see, watch, notic
e)后面也可跟动名词(doing sth)作宾语补足语。
I saw him playing basketball on the playground when I passed by.
5. 作状语
主要用来修饰动词或形容词,表示动作的目的,结果情绪的原因。为了强调目的,
时可式放或在不定in order (to) 或 so as (to) ,
意为“为了,目的”。
A:放在句首或句表示目的等。
To catch the train he got up early。= He got up early to catch the train.
B:跟在作表语的形容词或词的后面原因状语。
I m sorry to hear that.
C:用在 to 结构中,结果状语。
He is too young to understand all that。
6.作表语
动词不定式可放在连系动词 be 等后面作表语。
His dream is to be a bus driver。
7.特 殊 结构中的动词不定式可以和疑问词 who/ what/ which /why/ when/ how/
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2020-2021学年人教版八年级下册英语单元语法知识点总结.docx

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