专题12 四大句型(陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句)_备战2022年小升初英语必考语法和题型(解析版)

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专题 12 四大句型(陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句)
() 陈述句
一、陈述句的概念
陈述是用于陈述事实和观点的句子,句末用句号
如:He gets up at seven. 他七点钟起床。(陈述事实)
I don't think so. 我不这么认为。(陈述观点)
二、陈述句的分类
1. 陈述句的肯定式
主语 + 系动词 + 表语
如:This is my brother. 这是我哥哥。
Li Ming and Li Hua are good friends. 李明和李华是好朋友。
主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分
如:I read books on Sundays. 我在星期天读书。
He plays football every day. 他每天都踢足球。
2. 陈述句的否定式
be 动词的否定式:在 be 动词后面直接加 not
如:I am a student. → I am not a student.
He is reading. → He isn ' t reading.
They are working. → They are not(aren ' t) working.
情态动词的否定式:在情态动词后面直接加 not
如:He can dance. → He can not (can ' t) dance.
You should go to bed early. → You should not (shouldn ' t) go to bed early .
实义动词的否定式:在实义动词前加 don'tdoesn't 或者 didn't
如:I like pop music. →I do not (don ' t) like pop music.
He likes running. →He does not (doesn ' t) like running.
He went to the zoo yesterday. →He did not (didn ' t) go to the zoo yesterday.
基础闯关
1
(限时 10 分钟 满分 10 )
一、按要求写句子。(每小题 1,共 5)
1. There's some rice in the bowl.(改为否定句)
_____________________________________________________________________
【答案】There isn't any rice in the bowl. (注意 some 要变 any)
2. That is a kite.(改为复数句)
_____________________________________________________________________
【答案】Those are (some) kites.
3. This is a book. It's my sister's.(将两句话合并成一句话)
_____________________________________________________________________
【答案】This is my sister’s book.
4. They did a lot of homework at school.(改为否定句)
_____________________________________________________________________
【答案】They didn’t do a lot of homework at school.(容易漏写 didn't 后面的原形 do)
5. I have some books in my backpack.(改为否定句)
_____________________________________________________________________
【答案】I don't have any books in my backpack. (注意 some 要变 any; 这里容易把否定写成 haven't,但 have
实义动词“有”不是助动词 have got 结构,不能变成 haven't)
二、将下列排列错乱的单词连成一个通顺的陈述句。(每小题 1分,共 5)
1. is, teacher, she, my (.)
____________________________________________________________________
【答案】She is my teacher.
2. hisDavid, does, homework (.)
_____________________________________________________________________
【答案】David does his homework.
3. on, we, have, Sunday, lessons, no(.)
_____________________________________________________________________
【答案】We have no lessons on Sunday.
4. football, Tom, playing, like, doesn't.
_____________________________________________________________________
【答案】Tom doesn’t like playing football.
5. is, too, driving, Daming, fast (. )
2
_____________________________________________________________________
【答案】Daming is driving too fast.
() 疑问句
一、疑问句的概念
疑问句是用于提出疑问的句子,句末应有问号,常见的是一般疑问句和特殊疑问句。
二、疑问句的用法
1. 一般疑问句
be 动词构成
如:I am a student. 我是一个学生。
—Are you a student? 你是一个学生吗?
—Yes, I am. / No, I'm not. 是的,我是。/ 不,我不是。
由实义动词构成的一般疑问句,在句首加助动词 DoDoesDid(助动词的使用要与人称及时态一
)
如:I often go to school on foot. 我经常走路去上学。
—Do you often go to school on foot? 你经常走路去上学吗?
—Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 是的,我经常走路上学。/ 不,我不走路去上学。
如:Mary likes playing the piano. 玛丽喜欢弹钢琴。
— Does Mary like playing the piano? 玛丽喜欢弹钢琴吗?
— Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 是的,她喜欢。/ 不,她不喜欢。
如:She saw a beautiful picture yesterday. 她昨天看到了一张漂亮的图片。
— Did she see a beautiful picture yesterday? 她昨天看到了一张漂亮图片吗?
—Yes, she did. / No, she didn't. 是的,她看到了。/ 不,她没看到。
含有情态动词的一般疑问句
如:I can play basketball. 我会打篮球。
3
专题12 四大句型(陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句)_备战2022年小升初英语必考语法和题型(解析版).doc

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