《精准解析》上海市洋泾中学2021届高三下学期三月考试英语试题（解析版）

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上海市洋泾中学 2020 学年(第二学期)三月质量检测

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

语法填空

One way of capturing the scale of the devastation that forest fires have inflicted on Australia is through

figures. Some 11 million hectares of the Lucky Country have gone up in smoke ___1___September, almost the

same area as Bulgaria. So far at least 26 people are known ___2___(lose) their lives, and over 2,300 homes have

been destroyed with over half a billion animals ___3___(burn) alive or choked to death. But numbers tell only part

of the story. A plume of smoke has drifted across the South Pacific Ocean, reaching Buenos Aires. Australia's

normally calm society ___4___(shake). Shane Warne, the most distinguished sportsman in a sports-mad nation, has

gone so far as to raise money for the relief effort by auctioning off the baggy cap he wore as part of Australia's all-

conquering cricket team.

You ___5___think dial Australia is particularly vulnerable to forest fires, but that would be a mistake. Many

other countries share the same conditions that have set Australia burning, physically and politically, including

similar terrain and a leadership that has yet to wake up fully to the new reality ___6___climate change is creating.

Worldwide, fire seasons ___7___(get) longer and more damaging. The areas al risk include America's west coast,

the Mediterranean, southern Africa and swathes of Central Asia. If that sounds frightening, remember that in 2018

California had the deadliest forest fires in its history,___8___(kill) over 80 people and causing parts of Los Angeles

to be evacuated, while over 100 people died in wildfires in Greece.

As a result, the lessons from Australia's tragedy are important.___9___is that climate change is making

infernos more likely. It is true that forest fires arc a long-standing part of some territories' ecology, but ____10____

the world gets holler and drier, their incidence and severity are rising. In 2019 Australia's mean temperature was the

highest since records began in 1910, 1.5 Cabove the long-run average. The amount of rainfall, meanwhile, was 40%

below the long-term average and at the lowest level since 1900.

【答案】1. since

2. to have lost

3. burnt 4. has been shaken

5. may 6. that

7. are getting

8. killing 9. One

10. as

【解析】

【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚森林大火所造成

的

损失以及对其社会所产生的影响。

森林火灾长期以来一直是某些地区生态的一部分，但随着世界变得更加寒冷和干燥，森林火灾的发生率和

严重程度正在上升。

【1题详解】

考查介词。句意：自 9月以来，这个幸运之国大约有 1100 万公顷的土地被烧毁，几乎与保加利亚的面积相

同。结合句意表示“自从……以来”，且句子为现在完成时，可知应用 since。故填 since。

【2题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：迄今为止，已知至少有 26 人丧生，2300 多座房屋被毁，5亿多只动物被活活烧死

或窒息而死。结合句意表示“已知……”应用 be known to do，且表示动作已经完成，应用 to have done 形

式。故填 to have lost。

【

3题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：迄今为止，已知至少有 26 人丧生，2300 多座房屋被毁，5亿多只动物被活活烧死

或窒息而死。此处为 with 的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”，burn 与over half a billion animals 构成被动关系，

故应用过去分词作宾补。故填 burnt。

【4题详解】

考查动词时态语态。句意：澳大利亚一向平静的社会受到了震动。此处表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的

影响，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为 Australia's normally calm

society，助动词用 has。故填 has been shaken。

【5题详解】

考查情态动词。句意：你可能会认为澳大利亚尤其容易发生森林火灾，但那将是一个错误。后文 think 为

动词原形，结合句意“可能”可知应用情态动词 may。故填 may。

【6题详解】

考查同位语从句。句意：许多其他国家都有同样的条件，导致澳大利亚在地理上和政治上陷入困境，包括

相似的地形，以及尚未完全意识到气候变化正在造成的新现实的领导人。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明

reality 的内容，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，故应用只起连接作用的 that 引导。故填 that。

【7题详解】

考查动词时态。句意：在世界范围内，火灾季节越来越长，破坏性越来越大。此处表示目前正在发生的动

作，应用现在进行时，且主语为 seasons，谓语动词用复数。故填 are getting。

【8题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：如果这听起来很可怕，请记住 2018 年加州发生了其历史上最致命的森林大火，导

致80 多人死亡，洛杉矶部分地区被疏散，而超过100 人在希腊的野火中丧生。分析句子结构可知 kill 在句

中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语 forest fires 构成被动关系，故应用现在分词作状语。故填 killing。

【9题详解】

考查代词。句意：一是气候变化使地狱更有可能发生。此处表泛指其中一个教训，应用代词one，句首单

词首字母要大写。故填 One。

【10 题详解】

考查状语从句。句意：的确，森林火灾长期以来一直是某些地区生态的一部分，但随着世界变得更加寒冷

和干燥，森林火灾的发生率和严重程度正在上升。引导时间状语从句，表示“随着”应用 as 引导。故填

as。

Section B

Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used

only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. investigation；B. issued；C. justifiable；D. apparently；E. contracting

F. transmission；G. likely;H. resulting；I. irreparable；J. blow ；K. venture

Gene-Edited Babies Trigger Worldwide controversy

THE WAVE of condemnation is far from over for He Jiankui, a Chinese researcher who claimed to have

produced the world's first gene-edited babies. His research was aimed at helping millions of children at risk of

___11___ the HIV vims. He had altered a gene in embryos with the goal of making the babies resistant to HIV. He

said the pregnancy had been successful and that ___12___healthy twin girls were born a few weeks earlier.

The Southern University of Science and Technology said in a statement that the university was unaware of the

experiment he conducted. The university believes that his research has seriously violated academic ethics and rules,

and it has immediately set up an independent ___13___ team on the matter. Hours after a video of his work was

leaked, a total of 122 Chinese scientists in the field of gene-editing across the world ___14___ a joint statement of

condemnation. It reads, “Pandora's box has been opened, but we may still have a chance to close it before it is

___15___. They added that his behavior has dealt a heavy ___16___to the international reputation of Chinese

science.

Many researchers in stem cell science, immunology and medical ethics also described the experiment as

“absurd” and “rogue. For one, the experimentation is considered unnecessary given China's mature technology in

preventing the mother-to-child ___17___of HIV during pregnancy and early infancy. On the other hand, while the

removal of the CCR5 gene can help immunize humans from AIDS, it ___18___ makes the body more susceptible

to other viruses and illnesses. Moreover, DNA changes are also inherited by future generations, ___19___ in

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