广东省汕头市潮阳实验学校2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题

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汕头市潮阳实验学校 2022-2023 学年度第一学期期末考试试

题

高一英语

第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分 50 分)

第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选

项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。(共15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)

Four Environmentalists You Should Know

George Washington Carver

George Washington Carver is one of the most famous scientists of the 20th century, not to

mention a famous painter. He was an educator at the Tuskegee Institute and an inventor known for

making plastics, fuel, and more out of peanut. He created a list of 300 uses for peanuts, and many

more for soybeans and sweet potatoes, in an effort to increase financial gains for Southern

farmers.

Julia Hill

After a serious auto accident in 1996, Julia Hill devoted her life to environmental causes. For

two years, Hill lived in the branches of an ancient redwood tree which she named Luna in northern

California to save it from being cut down. She eventually vacated ( 搬离 ) the 200-foot-tall tree

after striking a deal with the Pacific Lumber Company. The tree was saved finally. Her tree-sit

became an international cause.

Theodore Roosevelt

Though he was a known big-game hunter, Theodore Roosevelt was one of the most active

champions of wilderness preservation in history. As governor of New York, he outlawed the use of

feathers as clothing decorations in order to prevent the killing of some birds. While he was

president (1901-1909), he set aside hundreds of millions of wilderness acres, which actively

protected soil and water.

Chico Mendes

Chico Mendes is best known for his efforts to save the rainforests of his home Brazil from

being cut down. Mendes came from a family of rubber harvesters who supplemented (补贴) their

income by sustainably gathering nuts and other rainforest products. Alarmed at the damage of the

Amazon, he helped to encourage international support for its protection. His activism drew the

anger of powerful ranching (牧业) and timber interests, and he was murdered by cattle ranchers at

age 44.

1. Who made a great contribution to agriculture?

A. George Washington Carver. B. Julia Hill.

C. Theodore Roosevelt. D. Chico Mendes.

2. Which achievement belongs to Julia Hill?

A. Protecting wilderness.

B. Saving a 200-foot-tall tree.

C. Creating many uses for peanuts.

D. Saving the rainforests of Brazil.

3. What do the four people have in common?

A. They saved some trees from being cut down.

B. They prevented the killing of some birds actively.

C. They played a positive role in protecting the environment.

D. They made great contributions to their people and their country .

Sitting at the back of a café, two women are working on their laptops. While one asks some

questions about motion graphics, font design and scheduling tools, the other is preparing for a

presentation. But these women aren’t working; they’re skill swapping(交换).

For many young people kicking off their careers, the thought of paying for an expensive

item fills them with fear. And yet, these same people are receiving one-on-one Photoshop

sessions, having their makeup done by top-level artists, and accepting professional advice.

How? Skill swapping --- the art of trading your services for someone else’s in a mutually(相互

地)beneficial agreement.

Upskilling --- regularly updating and expanding your skill set --- becomes necessary in

order to fill the gaps between you and your next career move. And yet, with that comes high

training fees, unrealistic time expectations and a big overall commitment --- which is why

people are choosing to skill swap instead.

Turning your time into a commodity (商品) means money doesn’t change hands during a

skill swap; instead, both parties are gaining something other than cash from the partnership.

Perhaps it’s a CV redesign in return for a lesson in photography; a blog post edit in return for

Photoshop advice.

In fact

you can skill swap just about anything. Stephanie Conway traded in her PR job to

set up a marketing virtual assistant business. In exchange for free accommodation, she runs the

social media channels of an Airbnb. By trading her social media skills for a roof over her head,

Stephanie is gaining not only free rent, but examples to put on her CV. “Skill swapping gave me

the opportunity to get my business off the ground by showing what I could do,” she adds.

Skill swapping often comes in the shape of informal agreements, but you still have to treat

it like a business deal. Be specific about the skills you’re willing to trade and what you’re

hoping to get in return.

4. What do we know about skill swapping?

A. It is for career starters. B. It benefits both parties.

C. It is done between professionals. D. It concerns low-priced online trade.

5. What is a cause of people choosing skill swapping?

A. Decline in positions offered. B. Frequency of career changes.

C. Lack of first-class lecturers in training. D. Time and energy put in training.

6. What is Stephanie Conway’s attitude toward skill swapping?

A. Unclear. B. Doubtful. C. Positive. D. Critical.

7. What is the text mainly about?

A. A rising trend in trading time. B. A new way to upskill yourself.

C. The stress from career moves. D. The suggestions for skill swapping.

For those who get angry when they miss out on lunch, it may be the perfect excuse:

researchers have confirmed that a lack of food makes otherwise bearable people “angry”.

In one of the first studies to explore how hunger affects emotions (情绪) as people go about

their daily lives, psychologists found that the more hungry people felt, the more angry - or hangry-

they became.

The study came about after Prof. Viren Swami, a social psychologist at Anglia Ruskin

University, was told - on more than one occasion - that he was hangry and should do something

about it. The challenge left him wondering if being hangry was a real phenomenon (现象).

Working with researchers in Austria and Malaysia, Swami recruited (招募) 64 adults aged 18

to 60 to record their emotions and feelings of hunger five times a day for three weeks. While the

relationship between hunger and emotions has been studied in labs, the volunteers monitored their

feelings as they went about their daily routines. Swami found being hangry is a real thing.

The study does not propose any solutions, but Swami believes that being able to recognize

and label the emotion can itself be of help. “A lot of the time, we might be aware of what we are

feeling but not understand the cause of it. If we can label it, we are better able to do something

about it,” he said.

Researchers have a number of guesses that aim to explain why hunger can take charge of our

emotions. One is based on studies that suggest low blood sugar increases impulsivity (冲动),

anger and aggression. But it is not clear whether such loss of self-control can arise from small

drops in blood sugar. Another proposes that when people are hungry, they are more likely to see

the world through angry eyes.

Regardless of the mechanism, Swami believes the study raises a serious point: children who

go hungry to school are less likely to learn effectively, and more likely to have behavioral

problems, so ensuring pupils are properly fed must be a priority. “It’s really important to be able to

identify emotions like being hangry so we can reduce the negative effects,” he said.

8. What caused Prof. Viren Swami to do the study?

A. His competition with his colleagues.

B. His academic and research pursuits.

C. The biggest challenge in psychology.

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