湖南省长沙市第一中学2022-2023学年高一下学期第三次月考英语试题（解析版）

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2022-2023-2 长沙一中高一第三次月考

英语

时量：120 分钟满分：150 分

第一部分听力(共两节，满分 30 分)略

第二部分阅读(共两节，满分 40 分)

第一节 (共11 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 27.5 分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

After drawing blood and running a CT scan, the doctor had questions for me. “What is a

typical day like for you?” “I am a graduate student with a tight schedule that usually keeps me at

work late into the night,” I replied. Next, he turned to diet. I paused when this question came,

embarrassed by my answer. “I only have coffee for breakfast. For lunch and dinner, I usually grab

something from a fast-food stand on campus.” The doctor seemed shocked. As more questions

followed about my stress levels and lifestyle, my unhealthy state began to sink in.

In graduate school, I was fully focused on my project and doing what I could to become a

successful scientist. I didn’t feel I had the time or energy to shop for groceries and cook. I stopped

exercising and didn’t spend as much time socializing. When I was sluggish, instead of giving my

mind and body a rest, I drank energy boosters to maintain my strength and continued to work long

hours. As I progressed through my PhD Program, I gained an unhealthy amount of weight. I got

tired easily and I often caught colds or the flu. Eventually, my stomachache was so bad that it

drove me to the emergency room.

After hearing the doctor’s warning, I knew I had no choice. I stopped working late into the

night, which gave me more time to relax, sleep, and prepare my own meals. I read up on dietary

recommendations and began to choose nutritious and healthy food. I also gave up energy drinks

and switched to tea. Many times, I was tempted to go back to my old routine. I placed sticky notes

in my office and at home to remind myself that if I didn’t make healthy choices, I’d suffer

consequences.

It’s been 4 years now and, to my surprise, I have not only noticed gains in my health, but also

found it easier to be productive at work.

1. What was the problem with the author?

A. He did poorly in his studies. B. He wasn’t good at socializing.

C. He ignored the doctor’s advice. D. He had a very unhealthy lifestyle.

2. Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “sluggish”?

A. cast down B. worn out C. carried away D. left

behind

3. What lies behind the author’s recovery?

A. Creativity. B. Optimism. C. Self-control. D. Co-

operation.

【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述作者由于生活方式不健康及压力水平导致身体出了问

题，听了医生的警告后作者不再工作到深夜，也开始选择营养和健康的食物，坚持了 4年

后作者的健康状况有所改善，工作也更加有效率。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中作者回答医生的话“I am a graduate student with a tight schedule

that usually keeps me at work late into the night(我是一名研究生，日程安排很紧，经常工作到

深夜)”和“I only have coffee for breakfast. For lunch and dinner, I usually grab something from

a fast-food stand on campus.(我早餐只喝咖啡。午餐和晚餐，我通常会在校园里的快餐店买

点吃的)”以及最后一句“As more questions followed about my stress levels and lifestyle, my

unhealthy state began to sink in.(随着更多关于我的压力水平和生活方式的问题接踵而至，我

开始陷入不健康的状态)”可知，作者的问题是生活方式不健康。故选 D。

【2题详解】

词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“instead of giving my mind and body a rest, I drank energy

boosters to maintain my strength (我没有让我的大脑和身体休息，而是喝能量加强剂来保持

我的体力)”可知，喝能量加强剂说明身体能量耗尽，故 sluggish 意为“筋疲力尽”。故选

B。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段中“Many times, I was tempted to go back to my old routine. I placed

sticky notes in my office and at home to remind myself that if I didn’t make healthy choices, I’d

suffer consequences.(很多时候，我都想回到以前

的

生活。我在办公室和家里都放了便利贴，

提醒自己如果不做健康的选择，我就会承担后果)”及最后一段中“It’s been 4 years now…

(到现在已经 4年了)”可知，作者是由于长期的自律才恢复了健康，故选 C。

A study, led by researchers from the University of California, San Diego, tracked the same

875 mother-child pairs in Chile for 16 years, conducting assessments at ages 1, 5, 10 and 16. At

each visit researchers screened the mother for signs of depression and used cognitive ( 认知的)

development tests on the child. They also asked questions to assess the home life, featuring the

level of connection between the mother and child.

Researchers found that signs of depression in moms when the child is one are associated with

lower scores on cognitive function tests for the child at age 16. “We found that mothers who were

highly depressed didn’t invest ( 投入 ) emotionally or in providing learning materials to support

their child, such as toys and books, as much as mothers who were not depressed. This, in turn,

impacted the child’s IQ at ages 5, 10 and 16,” Patricia East, PhD, research scientist with the

Department of Pediatrics at UC San Diego School of Medicine and one of the lead authors on the

study, said in a statement.

The authors found the relationship in reverse to be true, as well — lower development scores

early in the child’s life promoted less engagement from mom and that only increased signs of

mothers’ depression as the child entered into adolescence.

Children who had severely depressed mothers were found to have an average verbal IQ score

of 7.30 compared to a score of 7.78 in children without depressed mothers. Although seemingly

small, differences in IQ from 7.78 to 7.30 are highly meaningful in terms of children’s verbal

skills and vocabulary, said East. “Our study results show the long-term consequences that a child

can experience due to long-term mothers’ depression.”

However, the authors recognize that these families in Chile can be very different from

mothers and children of other cultural backgrounds or nationalities. Besides, all the families

studied were from a similar cultural background and socioeconomic status and had a similar level

of education.

4. What did the researchers do in the study?

A. They screened the child for signs of depression.

B. They tested the cognitive abilities of the mother.

C. They evaluated the mother-child pairs’ relationship.

D. They ignored the mother’s educational background.

5. What conclusion did the researchers draw?

A. A kid’s IQ scores were decided by the mother’s.

B. A kid’s IQ scores were different at different ages.

C. Depressed mothers gave birth to kids with low IQ scores.

D. Mothers’ depression might negatively impact their kids’ IQ.

6. What might be the authors’ attitude towards the results of the study?

A. They don’t sound debatable.

B. They may encourage public debate.

C. They may not be very representative.

D. They have been confirmed in a large scale.

7. What’s the best title of the passage?

A. Adolescents’ Confusion in Chile

B. Impact of Mothers’ Depression on Kids

C. Significance of IQ in Kids’ Academic Tests

D. Maternal Depression and Kids’ Cognitive Test Scores

【答案】4. C 5. D 6. C 7. B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文，研究发现，母亲的抑郁症会影响到孩子的智商，这种影响一直

会持续到他们进入青春期。

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