山西省大同一中2022~2023学年高一上学期期中考试英语试卷

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2022~2023 学年第一学期高一期中考试英语试卷

英语

命题人郭连弟审核人李雯

（试卷满分 100 分，考试时间 90 分钟）

第一部分阅读理解(共两节，20 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 40 分)

第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)

Whether you’re making a one-off trip to London or you’re a regular visitor, using an Oyster travel

smartcard is the easiest way to travel around the city’s public transport network.

Advantages of a Visitor Oyster Card

AVisitor Oyster Card is one of the best ways to pay for single journeys on the bus, tube, DLR, tram,

London Over-ground and most National Rail services in London:

•Save time - your card is ready to use as soon as you arrive in London.

•It’s more than 50% cheaper than buying a paper travel card or single tickets with cash.

•There is a daily price cap - once you have reached this limit, you won’t pay any more.

•Enjoy special offers and promotions at leading London restaurants, shops, and entertainment

venues—plus discounts on the Emirates Air Line cable car and Thames Clippers River buses.

Buy a Visitor Oyster Card

Buy a Visitor Oyster card before you visit London and get it delivered to your home address. A card

costs £3 (non-refundable) plus postage. Order online and arrive with your Oyster in hand! You can also

buy a Visitor Oyster card from Gatwick Express ticket offices at Gatwick Airport Station and on-board

Eurostar trains travelling to London.

Top Up(充值)Your Visitor Oyster Card

You can choose how much credit to add to your card. If you are visiting London for two days, you can

start with £ 20 credit. If you run out of credit, add credit at the following locations:

•Touch screen ticket machines in tube, DLR, London Over-ground and some National Rail stations.

•Around 4,000 Oyster Ticket Stops found in newsagents and small shops across London.

•TFL Visitor and Travel Information Centers.

•Tube and London Over-ground station ticket offices.

•Emirates Air Line terminals.

1. What benefit will you get from a Visitor Oyster Card when travelling in London?

A. It allows you to have meals free of charge.

B. It saves you money on transportation.

C. It provides a 50% discount at a London shop.

D. It increases your working efficiency.

2. How many ways are mentioned to buy a Visitor Oyster Card in the passage?

A. 4. B.5. C. 2. D. 3.

3. Where can you top up your Visitor Oyster card?

A. At Gatwick Express ticket offices. B. On the Internet.

C. At a tube station ticket office. D. On Eurostar trains.

Last year I ruined my summer vacation by bringing along a modem convenience that was too

convenient for my own good: the iPad. Instead of looking at nature, I checked my email. Instead of

paddling a small boat, I followed my Twitter feed. Instead of reading great novels, I stuck to reading four

newspapers each morning. I was behaving as if I were still in the office. My body was on vacation but

my head wasn’t.

So this year I made up my mind to try something different: withdrawal from the Internet. I knew it

wouldn’t be easy since I’m bad at self-control. But I was determined. I started by giving the iPad to my

wife.

The cellphone signal at our house was worse than in the past, making my attempts at cheating an

experience in frustration. I was trapped, forced to go through with my plan. Largely cut off from e-mail,

Twitter and my favorite newspaper websites, I had few ways to connect to the world except for radio and

how much radio can one listen to, really? I had to do what I had planned to all along: read books.

This experience has had a happy ending. With determination and the strong support of my wife, I

won in my vacation struggle against the Internet, realizing finally that it was I, not the iPad, that was the

problem. I knew I had won when we passed a Starbucks and my wife asked if I wanted to stop to use the

Wi-Fi. “I don’t need it,” I said.

However, as we return to post-vacation life, a harder test begins: Can I continue when I’m back to

work? There are times when the need to know what’s being said right now is great. And I have no

intention of giving up my convenience completely. But I hope to resist the temptation(诱惑)to check my

e-mail every five minutes, which leads to checking my Twitter feed and a website or two.

I think a vacation is supposed to help you reset your brain to become more productive. Here I hope

this one worked.

4. What do we know about the author’s last summer vacation?

A. He hated himself for acting as if he were at work on vacation.

B. He felt satisfied that he had stuck to his usual timetable.

C. He was determined to enjoy the beautiful view.

D. His iPad ruined his plan of finishing a great novel.

5. What did the author do to keep away from the Internet this year?

A. He cut off his cellphone signal.

B. He handed his iPad to his wife.

C. He refused to cheat in his house.

D. He listened to the radio most of the time.

6. When back to work, the author will probably choose to______.

A. continue to read more and more books.

B. stay away from the Internet for ever.

C. stop checking what is being said right now completely.

D. keep control of when and how to use the Internet.

7. What is the author’s opinion of a great vacation in the passage?

A. A vacation is having nothing to do but read all day.

B. A vacation is a period of time to do whatever one wished to.

C. A vacation means a change of pace to make one more productive.

D. A vacation proves that a life of pleasure is overvalued.

Losing weight comes with a lot of health benefits—including making your brain sharper. Yes，it

turns out that overweight may damage cognitive functions (认知功能) such as memory and attention.

There have been few studies of overweight and cognitive functioning, possibly because it is generally

believed that it is not a primary risk cause for poor cognitive performance. Losing weight, therefore, may

help improve these mental functions, according to a new research led by John Gunstad, assistant

professor of psychology at Kent State University.

Growing evidence suggests that being fat is linked to cognitive deficits (缺陷). So Gunstad and his

team guessed that losing weight might improve mental function. For their study, they measured memory

and attention in a group of 150 overweight participants, some of whom had some kind of operation for

weight loss and some did not. All of the volunteers completed mental skills tests to assess their abilities

of memory and attention at the beginning of the study, and again 12 weeks later. To begin with, about

24% of the patients showed damaged learning and 23% showed signs of poor memory when tested. At

the end of the study,those who had lost weight after operation improved their scores into the average or

above average range for cognitive functions. Scores for the volunteers who didn’t lose weight dropped

even further.

The study helped Gunstad to find out whether losing weight had any effect on mental function.

Now that he’s seen the positive effect that weight loss can have on memory and attention, he says he will

next study those who choose to lose weight by the traditional way—eating healthier and getting more

active. He expects that losing weight in this way will have a similarly positive effect on the brain. “If we

can improve the condition with operations, then we can probably produce the same change with

behavioral weight loss as well,” he says.

8. There is less research on overweight and cognitive functions because researchers ________.

A. believe overweight only affects our body

B. have focused on ways to sharpen people’s mind

C. are clear about the relation between weight and mental functions

D. do not consider overweight a main cause for low cognitive ability

9. The result of Gunstad’s study shows that ________.

A. losing weight can improve people’s mental functions

B. losing weight has little effect on people’s memory

C. overweight people are likely to have psychology problems

D. overweight people’s abilities of concentration differ greatly

10. What is Gunstad planning to prove next in his research?

A. Slim people are smarter than overweight people.

B. Healthy diet is better than exercise in losing weight.

C. Overweight people will get smarter by taking more exercise.

D. Traditional ways of losing weight are better than operation.

11. Which of the following is the best title for the text?

A. Body Weight and Health

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