山东省济宁市2022-2023学年高三下学期一模英语试题

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济宁市 2023 年高考模拟考试

英语试题

2023.03

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡

上。写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）

第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

“I was sleeping on the street for nine days. If it weren't for Crisis,I might have died,"said

Eddie,who was a chef for years,working in luxurious hotels in London. He lost his job and his

health declined. He spent all his savings on rent and was forced to leave his home when they ran

out.

He stayed with a friend,but it was crowded,and his friend eventually asked him to leave.

Eddie found out about Crisis by chance and was referred to a Crisis at Christmas hotel.

Eddie was given a Crisis coach,who supported him in finding somewhere to live and he was given

a phone,which he used to look for work. Eddie is settled in his new home. His health condition is

much better and he is looking forward to the future.

Right now thousands of people at the sharp end of poverty are being pushed into

homelessness. People are being left with no options than to go without basics like food, heating or

keeping a roof over their heads.

Please donate today to end someone's homelessness and support to leave homelessness

behind for good.

·£10 monthly could provide a warm welcome and help someone take their first steps out of

homelessness.

· £32 monthly could help fund one-to-one specialist coaching in housing,benefits, well-being

and work.

· £64 monthly could help fund one of oursupport workers to assist someone trapped in

temporary accommodation in looking for affordable and settled housing.

· £100 monthly could buy a household starter kit,filled with essentials someone might not be

able to afford, to help them settle into their new home.

Please search' Crisis at Christmas' to make your donation. Here is how:

1. What is Crisis at Christmas？

A. A hotel. B. A health center.

C. An employment agency. D. A charity organization.

2. What difference can you make to a beneficiary with a donation of C32 monthly?

A. Helping rent a luxurious house. B. Helping throw a welcome party.

C. Helping buy household necessities. D. Helping get personalized guidance.

3. How many ways are there to make a donation?

A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D.Four.

Bard,Kinetic(Coffee House Press,2023)by Anne Waldman,one of the most important living

American poets ，is a new collection of autobiographical （自传体的）pieces ，including

published and unpublished essays,correspondence,interviews,and poems from the last 20 years.

Though the origin of the texts and poems is relatively recent,Bard,Kinetic tracks Waldman's

life from her childhood in Greenwich Village to the present. Rather than a memoir （回忆录），

this energetic collection integrates her stories into contexts—literary，political,spiritual,familial.

In Sketch,the first and longest piece in the book, Waldman describes what guided her to

poetry from an early age——Her intellectual and artistic parents encouraged her "to read widely,

to write, think, talk about it, be curious and critical."Reading Sketch for its wonderful

autobiographical details and the successful moments that run through Waldman's life is a pleasure.

In Interview with Poetas,Madrid 2018,another piece from the book's second section,she wrote,"We

need cultural and humanitarian revolution. We need poetry to remind us of the magic we have had

that needs attendance and recharge."Her voice and vision have a collective width.

Waldman insists on combining art with nearly every aspect of her life.Bard,Kinetic,at all

points,a high-energy construct,and at all points, an energy-discharge, puts readers on the path to

recognizing poetry as a mental aid, as an action that reaches across geography, species,and time.

As she wrote in the book's preface,she commands herself to "keep pushing for knowledge,study

with a deeper investigation and a deeper action. The action, totally necessary". These are high

aims that Waldman has insisted on,tirelessly,her entire life. Waldman shines. Her heart could be

our heart.

This new book is best read as a companion of Vow to Poetry(2001),Waldman's previous

collection of interviews and autobiographical essays, which will help readers appreciate this book

better.

4. What do we know about Bard,Kinetic by Waldman?

A. It is a memoir. B. It documents her life and work.

C. It is her first collection of poems. D. It is to be issued by Coffee House Press.

5. What's the purpose of paragraph 3?

A. To add relevant background information.

B. To help readers gain partial insight into the book.

C. To persuade readers to conduct selective reading.

D. To introduce Waldman's writing styles.

6. What is implied in the underlined sentence“Her heart could be our heart."in paragraph 4?

A. We should stick to our goals. B. We should learn poems by heart.

C. We should seek fame and wealth. D. We should enjoy life to our hearts' content.

7. What's the text?

A. A diary entry. B. A news report.

C. A book review. D. An autobiography.

Many important decisions boil down to a choice between keeping the supposed safety and

risking going out for a chance at getting something even better. Though risk-taking preferences

vary between individuals,research with humans shows that we're all generally less willing to take

risks in situations with more ambiguous （模糊的）outcomes.“The finding should also apply to

risk-taking in chimps（黑猩猩），one of our closest evolutionary（进化的）ancestors,"said

Haux,from Max Planck Institute for Human Development.

To test the evolutionary roots of human risk preference,Haux and his colleagues measured 55

chimps living in reserves for their risky and ambiguous choices in an experimental setting. In each

trial, they chose a ball from one of two pots. One pot was always safe because it contained two

balls filled with one peanut each. In the risky condition, the second pot also contained two

balls,but one was filled with two peanuts and the other with nothing. In the ambiguous

condition,the balls in the second pot still contained two rewards or nothing, but the contents in the

pot was entirely invisible to the chimps.

On average,chimps chose the risky pot over the safe pot 55% of the time but chose the

ambiguous pot over the safe pot in just 25% of trials. This suggests that chimps, like

humans,prefer to avoid situations with ambiguous versus known risks.

“Structural similarities in risk preferences of humans and one of our closest living relatives

are likely to reflect adaptations to similar dynamics in evolution. While many other factors may

influence human risk-taking preferences, the parallels between human and chimp behavior suggest

that evolutionary adaptions have helped set a consistent baseline,"Haux said.

Future work will compare how the risk-taking preferences of chimps living in reserves may

differ from those living in zoos or in the wild,as well as how they compare to those of

bonobos,another close evolutionary relative of humans,Haux added.

8. Why was the research on risk preference conducted on chimps?

A. To test their intelligence level. B. To guide them to make wise decisions.

C. To prove the evolutionary consistency. D. To distinguish each individual's difference.

9. Which illustrates the risky condition in the experimental setting?

10. What does the underlined word“parallels"in paragraph 4 probably mean?

A. Conflicts. B. Interactions. C. Misunderstandings. D. Similarities.

11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A. The range of the subjects will be extended.

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