2023届山东省临沂市高三下学期二模英语试题

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2023 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(模拟)

英语

2023.5

本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分 120 分。考试用时 100 分钟。

第一部分阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)

第一节(共15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Here is a shortened list of books planned by TIME and TIME for Kids that are suitable for elementary

schoolers. To make the list, we asked for submissions from climate and education experts. We then considered how

age-appropriate the material was, and whether the tone and story line left the reader feeling engaged and

empowered-rather than anxious or overwhelmed.

WE ARE WATER PROTECTORS

By Carole Lindstrom; illustrated by Michaela Goade

A tribute (致敬) to native tribes that are protecting the planet, this book metaphorically shows the harms of oil

pipelines. Kids will see the value of community action, while adults will recognize the story of the Standing Rock

Sioux’s fight against the Dakota Access Pipeline.

THE BOY WHO HARNESSED THE WIND

By William Kamkwamba and Bryan Mealer; illustrated by Elizabeth Zunon

The picture-book edition of this memoir recounts the author’s teenage experience building a windmill from

scrap materials during an extreme drought - an inspiring tale for future clean-energy engineers.

THE LORAX

By Dr. Seuss

Thanks to its rhyme and fanciful illustrations, this classic tale is suitable for young children who can grasp the

scarcity of natural resources, and also older kids who can see a danger in valuing profits over long-term

environmental harm.

CLIMATE CHANGE, THE CHOICE IS OURS

By David Miles; illustrated by Albert Pinilla

Every left page defines a climate-change issue while every right page features a spin wheel, giving kids the

“choice”of how we can either address the problem or worsen it.

1. Whose book will you prefer if you want to be a wind energy engineer?

A. Bryan Mealer. B. David Miles. C. Michaela Goade. D. Dr. Seuss.

2. Which book guides readers to make options about enviornment protection?

A. THE LORAX. B. WE ARE WATER PROTECTORS.

C. THE BOY WHO HARNESSED THE WIND. D. CLIMATE CHANGE, THE CHOICE IS OURS.

3. What do the four books have in common?

A. They are intended for kids in the kindergarten.

B. The plots are mysterious and get the readers involved.

C. Their materials are edited by climate and education experts.

D. They are about environment protection and have pictures attached.

On a tram smoothly pulling into the heart of Luxembourg City, Marck gives a smile and takes a look at the

fabric of the seat next to him. For him, the city’s trams are more than just transport. More even than the focus of his

job. They are about transforming his country and, perhaps, changing the world.

Marck is the director general of Luxtram, Luxembourg’s modern trams. It first started running services two

years ago. Next year, Luxembourg will become the world’s only country to get rid of fares on all its forms of public

transport. Luxembourg’s traffic problems come from its army of workers. The population of the capital city almost

doubles during the working day, when more than 110,000 people travel in and out.

After three decades when its roads have become so crowded, Luxembourg is going to do something

remarkable. Free fares, and a plan to persuade people to switch from cars to trams or trains. Marck, along with

many others, is excited to see what happens next. “The fact that this is free means that everyone can use it — young

or old, rich or poor,” he said. “Everyone can say to themselves it’s better to leave the car at home. We must

continue to improve and extend the network. It must always be comfortable, well-connected, efficient.”

Lydie Polfer, the city’s mayor, says she hopes to reach the point where more than a third of people come into

the city using public transport — at the moment, it’s less than one in five. She said, “It’s not practical to ban cars

because some people, like the elderly, need them. But everyone has to be aware that he or she can do something to

improve the situation. There is an expression in German — you are not in the traffic jam — you are the traffic jam,

and that is true. I think that making it free will be the biggest arguments for people to use public transport. ”

4. Why does Marck think the city’s trams are more than just transport?

A. The trams are his goal that he strives for.

B. There are more means of transportation than trams.

C. City’s trams bring more changes beyond transport.

D. The trams are the heart of Luxembourg City transport system.

5. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?

A. The cause of the traffic problems. B. The means of public transport.

C. The development of running services. D. The increase of working population.

6. What concerns people most when using the public transport?

A. The convenience. B. The fare. C. The comfort. D. The efficiency.

7. What can be inferred from what Lydie Polfer said?

A. The elderly needn’t use public transport.

B. It’s possible to persuade most people to use the trams.

C. Everyone can do his part to improve transport situation.

D. Those who don’t take public transport cause traffic jams.

Have you ever wished you could be better organised or more sociable? Perhaps you’re a constant worrier

and you’d prefer to be a little more carefree?

Many surveys show that at least two-thirds of people would like to change some elements of their personality.

In the past, such desires appeared to be unachievable. Like the proverbial leopard that could never change its spots,

our virtues and flaws were believed to be woven into the fabric of our minds.

Recent scientific research, however, proves this expectation of personality’s permanence wrong. With the right

psychological strategies and enough effort, many people can successfully shape their core personalities into what

they desire.

Our genes almost certainly play a role: it’s why people’s personalities often reflect their biological parents’

ones. The influence of our social environment was thought to end in early adulthood, as the brain reached maturity.

If this were true, it wouldn’t be possible to shift personality at will. Yet that is exactly what psychology professor

Nathan Hudson and his colleagues have shown with a series of groundbreaking studies.

The interventions in their studies typically involve arranging regular activities that reflect the personalities

people wish to adopt. A quiet person who wished to be more outgoing, for example, might have the goal of

introducing themselves to a stranger once a week, or making small talk with the cashier at their local supermarket.

The aim is for the thinking patterns and behaviours they generate to become habitual. In the first trial,

provided participants actually completed those arranged tasks, their personalities shifted in the desired direction.

Similarly exciting results could be seen in a later trial. The differences of participants’ personalities before and after

the intervention were still apparent three months after the experiment had ended. As Aristotle argued more than

2,300 years ago, we become what we repeatedly do.

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