中学生标准学术能力诊断性测试2024-2025学年高三上学期12月月考试题 英语 PDF版含答案

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标准学术能力诊断性测试 2024 年12 月测试
英语试卷
本试卷共 150 分
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 60 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 3分，满分 45 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项
涂黑。
A
In Thailand, human-elephant conflict is increasing. To local farmers, elephants threaten their safety and
economic livelihood.
Bring the Elephant Home (BTEH) is a non-profit organization whose mission is to increase chances of
survival for elephants and work towards a world in which people and elephants can live in harmony,
benefiting from each other’ existence. BTEH’ projects root in local communities. Their work is characterized
by three principles: local involvement, a healthy ecology, and benefits for people and elephants
simultaneously（同时地）. They lead to shared decision making, ownership of local communities,
sustainability, and a peaceful coexistence of people and animals.
A group of BTEH researchers and local farmer volunteers are experimenting with how to make the
plantations less appealing to elephants and prevent them from coming into the farms. And the Tom Yum
Project comes into being.
The name of the Tom Yum Project comes from the Thai soup. The ingredients（原料）for the soup are
chili, garlic, lemongrass, and onion — none of which are attractive to elephants. This project gives hope to
alternative crops as a solution to human-elephant conflict in Thailand. The project works in the following
steps.
The Tom Yum Project is the first research and community-based alternative crop planting initiative to
promote human-elephant coexistence. Now, some similar projects will be carried out in Sri Lanka.
1．What is the primary mission of BTEH?
A．To catch and relocate elephants.
B．To ensure human-elephant coexistence.
C．To promote tourism in Thailand.
D．To provide food and resources to local farmers.
2．How can consumers contribute to the success of the Tom Yum Project?
A．They can provide government assistance.
B．They can purchase products from the project.
C．They can decrease the elephant population.
D．They can reduce their consumption of agricultural products.
3．Tom Yum Project aims to benefit both local farmers and elephants by .
A．providing financial aid to farmers
B．teaching farmers how to cook Thai food
C．minimizing human-elephant conflict
D．increasing the number of elephants in the area
4．According to the passage, which of the following statements best describes the Tom Yum Project’s
approach?
A．Costly but appealing.
B．Demanding and unreliable.
C．Innovative and sustainable.
D．Ineffective but time-consuming.
B
Eleven o’clock at night saw a large woman with a large purse walking alone, when a boy ran up behind
and tried to snatch（抢夺）her purse. But the boy lost his balance and fell on his back. The woman picked
him up firmly by his shirt front.
“Aren’t you ashamed of yourself?” shouted the woman. Two or three people passed, stopped, and stood
watching.
“I’m very sorry, lady. I’m sorry,” whispered the skinny little boy, in broken tennis shoes.
“Um-hum! And your face is dirty,” said the large woman dragging the frightened boy. “Since you put
yourself in contact with me, you are going to remember Mrs. Luella Jones.”
He began to struggle, but Mrs. Jones continued to drag him up the street. When she got to her door, she
dragged the boy inside. “What’s your name?” the woman asked.
“Roger,” answered the boy in a low voice. “Then, Roger, you go to that sink and wash your face,”
ordered the woman and finally let go of him.
“You gonna take me to jail（监狱）?” asked Roger, bending over the sink.
“Not with that face,” said Mrs. Jones. “I believe you were hungry to snatch my purse.”
“I wanted a pair of blue shoes,” replied the boy.
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There was a long pause. After he had dried his face, the boy turned around. The door was open. He could
run!
After a while the woman said, “I was young once and I wanted things I could not get. I have done things
too, which I would not tell anybody else, son.” There was another long pause. The boy’s mouth opened.
Then Mrs. Jones went to do the cooking. She did not watch the boy to see if he was going to run, nor
did she watch her purse left behind her. She did not ask him anything about where he lived, or his folks.
Instead, as they ate, she told him a lot about her job in a hotel shop and how all kinds of people came in and
out. She cut him another piece of her cake.
When they finished eating, she got up and said, “Now, here, take this ten dollars and buy yourself some
blue shoes. Do not make the mistake, because shoes come by devilish ways like that will burn your feet.”
She led him to the front door. “Good night! Behave yourself, son!” she said, looking out into the street.
5．How did Mrs. Jones react after catching Roger?
A．She called the police.
B．She scolded him seriously.
C．She ignored him.
D．She took him home.
6．Roger felt ________ when hearing Mrs. Jone’s past.
A．scared
B．impatient
C．calm
D．shocked
7．What might Roger have learned from his encounter with Mrs. Jones?
A．Crime is never justified.
B．People can be understanding.
C．Strong people are intimidating.
D．Money is the only solution.
C
Time is one of humanity’s greatest blind spots. We experience it as days, months or years. But nature
functions on much grander scales, measured in centuries, and even longer phases often grouped as “deep
time.” Human’s shortsightedness around time creates major limits on modern conservation. As the climate
and biodiversity crises accelerate, we are urgently working to protect and regenerate ecosystems without
understanding how they functioned when they were truly doing well. A deep time perspective can help change
that.
Take forest management. For decades, our practices called for all-out prevention of even the mildest
forest fires, believing that fire was bad for both people and nonhuman nature. Until recently we ignored the
forest management strategies indigenous（土著的）communities had successfully used for centuries, in
particular the application of small-scale controlled burns. Fire, it turns out, has always been an integral
ingredient in healthy forest ecosystems, promoting new growth by thinning the understory. Today, we are
beginning to see widespread application of indigenous knowledge to forest management, tapping into this
ancient wisdom.
But how can we know what an ecosystem looked like centuries ago? One pathway is through modern
mathematical modeling. We have married it with streams of long-term data and discovered a possible way to
preserve the ecosystem of California’s kelp forest. By examining how North Pacific kelp forests existed long
before the 19th century, we found that we have ignored the presence of a keystone species — the Steller’s
Sea cow, and its role in maintaining the harmony of this ecosystem.
Our model described the interactions between giant kelp and understory algae competing for light and
space on the seafloor. Then we ran the model again, but this time with the Steller’s Sea cow added in. These
mammals fed on the leaves from the upper kelp layers. This allowed light to reach the sea bottom, which in
turn stimulated the growth of not only the kelp but other kinds of organisms. In re-creating that vanished
historical system that included the Steller’s Sea cow, we could see a more diverse forest where the understory
competed better with kelp.
In short, what we assume we know about an ecosystem based on the recent past may impede our ability
to fully understand and protect it. To ensure that our boldest conservation efforts are successful, we must
begin looking at time as an essential tool.
8．What is a major barrier to effective conservation efforts, according to the passage?
A．The growing biodiversity crisis.
B．Hesitation to adopt a deep time viewpoint.
C．Insufficient understanding of deep time.
D．Unawareness of management techniques.
9．What does “keystone species” most likely mean in paragraph 3?
A．A species that is at the top of the food chain.
B．A species that is rarely found in an ecosystem.
C．A species that is invasive and harmful to the environment.
D．A species that plays a crucial role in maintaining the structure of an ecosystem.
10．From the passage, we can conclude that .
A．the neglect of the Steller’s Sea cow caused ecological disruption
B．the Steller’s Sea cows promoted growth in the understory
C．there’s a current emphasis on preventing fires instead of using controlled burns
D．mathematical modeling is more important than traditional knowledge
11．What is the primary focus of the passage?
A．The negative effects of modern forest management practices.
B．The role of indigenous knowledge in ecosystem management.
C．The significance of climate change on biodiversity.
D．The importance of understanding historical ecosystems for conservation.
D
When was the last time you listened to someone? And when was the last time someone really listened
to you? I once asked people what it meant to be a good listener. The typical response was a blank stare.
Of course, technology plays a role. People find phone calls interrupting them, preferring text or wordless
emoji. Besides, schools and colleges rarely offer classes or activities that teach careful listening. You can join
clubs to perfect your public speaking, but who attempts to achieve excellence in listening? The loud
unpleasant mixture of sounds of modern life also stops us from listening.
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中学生标准学术能力诊断性测试2024-2025学年高三上学期12月月考试题 英语 PDF版含答案.pdf

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