新疆乌鲁木齐市第101中学2022-2023学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题含解析

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乌鲁木齐市第 101 中学 2022-2023 学年高二下学期开学考试

英语试题

(考试范围：选择性必修一)

总分 120 分考试时间 120 分钟

一、阅读理解(共32 分)

The world’s craziest festivals

Crazy festivals all over the world are out there just waiting to be celebrated. Join Cornelia Kumfert on a trip to

the most unusual events taking place around the globe.

Burning Man Festival

Every year in Nevada (US) there is artwork and cunosities galore to marvel at when the Black Rock Desert

changes into a mammoth art exhibition.

In August and September, some 70,00 people come here to celetrate the Burning Man Festival.

San Diego Comic Con

Surely superheroes don’t queue? Well, at San Diego’s Comic Convention they do. Each July hey open their

dos to fans of Superman and other comic figures. More than 100,000 annual visitors have paid homage to their

mythical heroes.

Crying Baby Festival, Tokyo

At the Crying Baby Festival in Tokyo (Japan), sumo wrestlers do what they can to bring babies to tears.

Sadists run riot? Certainly not! It’s a 400-year-old tradition based on a Japanese proverb, which says that

crying babies grow fastest and parents believe the event brings good health to their children.

Palio Contest, Siena

Fame and honour await the winner of the Palio contest in Siena (Italy).

In July and August, ten inhabitants of different districts of the city jockey for first place in a spectacular horse

race.

The trophy goes to the contestant whose horse crosses the finishing line first—whether he’s still in the saddle

or not.

1. Which of the festivals offers a view of art?

A. Burning Man Festival. B. Palio Contest, Siena.

C. Crying Baby Festival, Tokyo. D. San Diego Comic Con.

2. How was the festival in Tokyo founded?

A. On the basis of a proverb. B. Based on a phrase.

C. According to a story. D. At the request of the public.

3. What can tourists see in Siena of Italy between July and August?

A. A burning man show. B. A comedy play.

C. A horse race. D. A baby-crying show.

【答案】1. A 2. A 3. C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了世界上几个最疯狂的节日的活动地点及内容。

【

1题详解】

细节理解题。根据 Burning Man Festival 部分中“Every year in Nevada (US) there is artwork and curiosities

galore to marvel at when the Black Rock Desert changes into a mammoth art exhibition.(每年在内华达州（美

国），当黑岩沙漠变成一个庞大的艺术展览时，都会有大量的艺术品和珍品让人惊叹)”可知，在 Burning

Man Festival 这个节日期间可以欣赏到艺术品。故选 A。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据 Crying Baby Festival, Tokyo 部分中“It's a 400-year-old tradition based on a Japanese

proverb(它是一个有着 400 年传统基于日本的一句谚语而产生的节日)”可知，日本的 Crying Baby Festival

这一节日来源于谚语。故选 A。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据 Palio Contest, Siena 部分中“In July and August, ten inhabitants of different districts of the

city jockey for first place in a spectacular horse race.(7 月和 8月，该市不同地区的十名居民在一场壮观的赛马

中争夺第一名)”可知，游客们 7、8月在意大利的锡耶纳可以看到赛马。故选 C。

When a chunk of ice fell from a collapsing glacier(冰川)on the Swiss Alps’ Mount Eiger in 2017, part of the

long deep sound it produced was too low for human ears to detect. But these vibrations held a key to calculating the

ice avalanche’s(崩塌)critical characteristics.

Low-frequency sound waves called infrasound that travel great distances through the atmosphere are already

used to monitor active volcanoes from afar. Now some researchers in this field have switched focus from fire to ice:

dangerous blocks snapping off glaciers. Previous work has analyzed infrasound from snow avalanches but never

ice, says Boise State University geophysicist Jeffrey Johnson. “This was different,” Johnson says. “A signature of a

new material has been detected with infrasound.”

Usually glaciers move far too slowly to generate an infrasound signal, which researchers pick up using

detectors that track slight changes in air pressure. But a collapse—a sudden, rapid breaking of ice from the glacier’s

main body—is a prolific infrasound producer. Glacial collapses drive ice avalanches, which pose an increasing

threat to people in mountainous regions as rising temperatures weaken large fields of ice. A glacier “can become

detached from the ground due to melting, causing bigger break— offs,” says University of Florence geologist

Emanuele Marchetti, lead author of the new study. As the threat grows, scientists seek new ways to monitor and

detect such collapses.

Researchers often use radar to track ice avalanches, which is precise but expensive and can monitor only one

specific location and neighboring avalanche paths. Infrasound, Marchetti says, is cheaper and can detect break—off

events around a much broader area as well as multiple avalanches across a mountain. It is challenging, however, to

separate a signal into its components (such as traffic noises, individual avalanches and nearby earthquakes) without

additional measurements, says ETH Zurich glaciologist Malgorzata Chmiel. “The model used by Marchetti is a first

approximation for this,” she says. Isolating the relevant signal helps the researchers monitor an ice avalanche’s

speed, path and volume from afar using infrasound.

Marchetti and his colleagues are now working to improve their detectors to pick up more signals across at-risk

regions in Europe, and they have set up collaborations around the continent to better understand signals that

collapsing glaciers produce. They are also refining their mathematical analysis to figure out each ice cascade’s

physical details.

4. What can we learn from Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 3?

A. Infrasound has a major role to play in discovering new materials.

B. Ice avalanches are a bigger threat to people than volcanic eruptions.

C. Researchers are trying to use infrasound in detecting ice avalanches.

D. Scientists employ infrasound more in mountain areas than in other places.

5. Which is an advantage of infrasound over radar?

A. The combination with other relevant signals.

B. The accuracy in locating a certain avalanche.

C. The ability in picking up signals in wider areas.

D. The sensitivity in tracking air pressure changes.

6. The underlined word “this” in Paragraph 4 refers to________.

A. distinguishing different components of a signal

B. detecting multiple avalanches at the same time

C. calculating the speed and path of ice avalanches

D. monitoring the specific location of ice break—offs

7. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

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