广东省汕头市金山中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语

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2022 级高二第一学期期末考试

英语试卷

命题人: 丘夏杨郭新敏审题人：黄晓洁

本试卷共8页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）

第一节（共 15 题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）

阅读下列四篇短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将

该项涂黑。

When Thanksgiving is drawing near, many families are getting ready to enjoy a tradition that goes

back hundreds of years: baking and eating delicious pie. Two classic desserts will battle it out at

holiday tables. Is pumpkin pie better than apple pie?

Yes—pumpkin pie is perfect

Three reasons why pumpkin pie is better than apple pie

1. As one of America’s first crops, pumpkin has become fall’s signature flavor since the early 18th

century. Even 300 years ago, Americans knew it was the best pie.

2. With its warm, comforting mix of cinnamon (肉桂), nutmeg (豆蔻), and other spices, delicious

pumpkin pie gives you perfect bites that melt in your mouth, which simply can’t be beaten.

3. As a bonus, pumpkins are packed full of vitamins and nutrients that are good for your body. So

cut a perfectly shaped slice of pumpkin goodness and dig in.

No—apple pie all the way

Three reasons why pumpkin pie is not better than apple pie

1. Apple pie is just about as old as our country and even appeared in America’s first cookbook.

Have you heard the expression “It’s as American as apple pie”? No one says that about pumpkin pie!

2. There are countless variations on the classic, with different spices and flavorings, dried fruits

and nuts, and different crusts (酥皮). Apple pie is the clear winner for people who love the balance of

fruit and buttery pie crust.

3. To quote another expression, “An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” That means apples are

nutritious and help keep us healthy.

Now that you’ve read a bit more about this issue, click here to vote in our debate. Vote YES if you

think pumpkin pie is better than apple pie or NO if you don’t. We’ll publish the results next week.

21. What do pumpkin pie and apple pie have in common?

a. They are full of nutrients.

b. They have similar flavor.

c. They have deep roots in America.

A. ab B. bc C. ac D. abc

22. Where can the text be found?

A. On a menu. B. On a website. C. In a magazine. D. In a cookbook.

23. What’s the purpose of the text?

A. To invite readers to vote in a debate.

B. To distinguish pumpkin pie from apple pie.

C. To advertise pumpkin pie is better than apple pie.

D. To encourage baking and eating pie at Thanksgiving.

Eugene Newman Parker, a leading figure in heliospheric( 日球层的) physics for the past half

century, passed away peacefully at his home in Chicago on Mar. 15. He was 94.

Hailed(誉为) as a visionary in the field of heliophysics, Parker revolutionized our understanding

of the sun and its effects on Earth and other bodies within the solar system. NASA even stated that “the

field of heliophysics exists in large part because of Dr. Eugene Parker. In 2018, Parker became the first

living scientist to witness the launch of a spacecraft that was named in his honor.

Parker is best known for his groundbreaking theory on the existence of a phenomenon called

“solar wind”, a continuous stream of charged particles( 粒子 ) that flow off the sun. It can become

violent, causing space weather that impacts the Earth. When Parker’s research was published in 1958,

his theory was initially met with skepticism and ridicule by the scientific community. The general view

at the time was that the space between planets was an absolute vacuum(真空), and was thus completely

empty of any matter. But, there were no errors in his study or his calculations, and the theory was later

proven to be correct in 1962, when a NASA spacecraft mission to Venus revealed the constant presence

of a supersonic wind—exactly as Parker had predicted.

That experience likely led to the advice Parker often gave young researchers: “If you do

something new or innovative, expect trouble. But think critically about it because if you’re wrong, you

want to be the first one to know that.” Parker never co-authored a paper with his students, thus urging

them to be independent.

Parker was humble, straightforward, and wise. His son Eric said, “My sister Joyce and I didn’t get

a real feel for what a ‘big dog’ our dad was in the field.” They got an even better sense when a month

after Parker’s death, they traveled to Lund, Sweden, to accept on his behalf the Crafoord Prize in

Astronomy.

24. What can we learn from the second paragraph?

A. A spacecraft was named in memory of Parker.

B. The sun has less effects on Earth than expected.

C. Parker deserved credit for his great contributions.

D. NASA provided new insights into the lunar effect.

25. Why did people view Parker’s theory of “solar wind” skeptically at first?

A. It went against the popular opinion at that time.

B. Some mistakes were found in his calculations.

C. The presence of a supersonic wind was proven by NASA.

D. Matter was believed to exist in the space between planets.

26. What did Parker suggest young researchers do?

A. seek close cooperation B. learn by trial and error

C. avoid high expectations D. compete against others

27. What words can be used to describe Parker according to the passage?

A. straightforward and generous B. responsible and accessible

C. intelligent yet mean D. distinguished yet modest

According to body language expert Robert Phipps, the way people sleep at night actually

determines a lot about the type of personality they have. Phipps has identified four sleeping positions

that affect personality.

Phipps found that worriers, those who stress the most, tend to sleep in the fetal position. He found

that this is the most common bedtime position, with nearly 58 percent of people sleeping on their side

with knees up and head down. The more we curl up, the more comfort we are seeking, according to

Phipps.

The second most common position is the log. Sleeping with a straight body, with arms at each

side，as if they are standing guard at Buckingham Palace，indicates stubbornness, and these people

(the 28 percent who sleep this way) often wake up stiffer than when they went to sleep.

“The longer you sleep like this, the more rigid your thinking is and you can become inflexible,

which means you make things harder for yourself, ” according to Phipps.

Yearner(向往型) sleepers are next on the list. About 25 percent of people sleep in this style—on

their side with arms stretched out in front, looking as if they are either chasing a dream or perhaps

being chased themselves. Yearners are typically their own worst critics, always expecting the best

results, explained Phipps. These people often wake up refreshed and eager to face the challenges of the

day ahead.

Perhaps the most peculiar of sleep styles is the freefaller position. This sleep style makes up 17

percent of the population. They sleep face down with arms stretched out. These people, according to

Phipps, feel like they have little control over their life. Not only is this the strangest of sleep styles, but

also the least comfortable, and people may wake up feeling tired and have no energy.

In conclusion, Phipps has only one more thing to add, “A good night’s sleep sets you up for the

following day and our sleeping positions can determine how we feel when we wake.”

28. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. A Good Night's Sleep Sets You Up for the Following Day

B. Your Personality Depends a Lot on How You Sleep at Night

C. How You Sleep at Night Affects What You Do the Next Day

D. Which Sleeping Position Helps You Sleep Comfortably

29. Which of the following pictures is the fetal position?

30. The underlined word “rigid” is closest in meaning to “________”.

A. stubborn B. flexible C. comfortable D. strange

31. Which sleeping position indicates that the sleeper tends to seek perfection?

A. The fetal position. B. The log position.

C. The freefaller position. D. The yearner position.

Supermarket shelves are filled with plant-based alternatives to cow milk, including soy, nut, and

coconut milk. These products are popular with consumers who cannot drink cows’ milk for health

reasons, as well as with those concerned about animal welfare and environmental sustainability. While

the dairy-free options work well with cereal or in coffee, they fail miserably when it comes to making

milk-based products like cheese or yogurt. However, these shortcomings may soon be a thing of the

past, thanks to a new company in California, which has figured out how to create animal-free milk in a

laboratory!

Perumal Gandhi and Ryan Pandya founded the company in 2014 after becoming increasingly

annoyed with the lack of cows’ milk-free alternatives, particularly for cheese. For Gandhi, who stopped

consuming animal products five years earlier due to environmental and animal welfare concerns, the

motivation to create a better alternative stemmed from his love of cheesy pizza. Pandya was spurred

into taking action after being forced to eat some “really bad” dairy-free cream cheese on his sandwich.

The two MIT biomedical engineering scientists decided to join forces to create a more realistic

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