安徽省芜湖市第一中学2022-2023学年高二上学期12月份教学质量检测英语试题

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芜湖一中 2021 级12 月份教学质量检测

英语试题

考试时间：90 分钟试卷分值：100 分

第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分 50 分)

第一节(共15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将

该选项涂黑。

Understanding cultural body language in other countries is very helpful in communication, especially when we

can't speak a foreign language.Here are some gestures and their meanings in different cultures.I hope these will

help you when you try to interact with foreigners.

Head movements

In some parts of India, people shake their heads to show they are actively listening or agree with you.In

western countries,people nod to confirm. However,in Bulgaria and Greece, nodding actually means the contrary.

Eye contacts

Some countries,such as Japan and Finland, consider constant eye contact awkward.In Caribbean

cultures,children and teenagers are taught not to look at adults in the eyes when they are being corrected. Strong

eye contact is common among people of the same sex in Spain and

Arabic countries.

Hands

The "thumbs up" sign is used in many cultures to mean “OK”。 In France,it can mean No.1, but it has a very

rude sexual meaning in Islamic countries,Cerdena and Greece. Interestingly,the＂OK"sign means “zero”or

"nothing" in France,while some other European countries such as Greece,Italy,Brazil,and Russia consider it as

impolite.

Greetings and goodbyes

Shaking hands is a normal and formal way to greet or say goodbye in western countries. But in Romania, only

men usually shake hands.And they do it every time they meet, not just the first! In England, however,it's unusual to

shake hands with someone you are introduced to in an informal setting.

Legs

Sitting with crossed legs is common in North America and European countries, but it is considered

disrespectful in Asia and the Middle East where a straight and balanced posture is the norm(规范）。Body

language varies from country to country. When you communicate with foreigners, one safe way is to understand,

respect and follow the culture.

1. Why does the author write the first paragraph?

A. To tell us the writing purpose.

B. To show ways of communicating.

C. To stress the importance of language.

D. To compare the cultural differences.

2. What can we learn about body language according to the text?

A. Constant eye contact is advisable in Japanese.

B. Sitting with crossed legs is popular in the Middle East.

C. Shaking hands only happens between men in Romania.

D. The "thumbs up" sign can be considered polite in Cerdena.

3. Which can best describe the author's advice on communication with body language?

Practice makes perfect.

B. Actions speak louder than words.

C. Seeing is believing.

D. When in Rome, do as the Romans do.

A 15-year-old scientist and inventor has been named as Time's first ever Kid of the Year.

Rao is a high school student from Colorado. She was chosen from 5,000 U.S.-based nominees ( 提名 ). Time

said in a statement that Rao stood out for her ability to apply scientific ideas to real-world problems and her efforts

to motivate other kids to take up their own causes. Rao told the Associated Press that the prize is “nothing that I

could have ever imagined. And I'm so grateful and just so excited that we're really taking a look at the upcoming

generation and our generation, since the future is in our hands.” She insists that starting out small doesn't matter, as

long as you're enthusiastic about it.

It's just the latest recognition for the teenager, who was named last year to the Forbes 30 Under 30 list. Rao

won praise in 2017 after she developed a portable device（设备） to detect lead (铅) in water. She went on to

cooperate with scientists in the water industry to try to get the device on the market.

The young scientist has also developed an app called Kindly that uses artificial intelligence to help prevent

cyberbullying (网络欺凌). It allows teens to type in a word or phrase to find out if the words they're using are

hurtful and amount to（等于）bullying, and thus should be avoided.

In an interview with Time, Rao said that her pursuits（追求） in science started early as a way to improve

conditions in society. In a world where science is increasingly questioned or challenged, Rao insists that its pursuit

is an important act of kindness. It is the best way that a younger generation can better the world. Science and

technology are being employed as never before to handle various issues, such as global warming, the outbreak of

disease and so on, she noted.

“We have science in everything we're involved in, and I think that's the biggest thing to put out there, that

science is cool, invention is cool, and anybody can be an inventor," Rao said.“ Anybody can do science.

4. What is one of the reasons for Rao being honored by Time?

A. The up-to-date ideas she had come up with.

B. The large amounts of time she had devoted.

C. The influence she has on young generations.

The optimistic attitude she holds to the future.

5. Rao's inventions mentioned in the passage can be described as _______.

A. functional B. environment-friendly

C. efficient D. money-saving

What contributes to Rao's enthusiasm for science?

A. Her tolerance for problems. B. Her amazing brain power.

C. Her exposure to challenges. D. Her concern about society.

7. What can be a suitable title for the passage?

A. High School Student Struggling for Big Dream

B. Young Scientist Named TIME's Kid of the Year

C. Scientific Achievements Applied to Our Real Life

Advanced Inventions Used in Bettering the World

Plastic baby bottles shed microplastics when heated. Should you be worried about its side-effects? We still

don’t have enough evidence of health risks posed by microplastic consumptions by infants or adults.

“The last thing we want to do is unduly alarm parents

” said John Boland, a professor at Trinity College

Dublin in Ireland and one of the authors of the Nature Food study. While the health effects of microplastics are still

unknown, parents can significantly reduce their infants’ exposure by adding some steps to their bottle preparation

routine, Boland said. He recommends letting plastic bottles cool completely after sterilization(消毒) in hot water,

then washing them out at least three times with water that’s been allowed to cool to room temperature after being

sterilized by boiling. Researchers here also found that plastic tea kettles, plastic instant noodle cups and plastic food

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