2021届广东省广州一模英语试题-Word版（无答案）

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2021 届高三英语测试题

本试卷共 10 页,满分 120 分。考试用时 120 分钟。

第二部分阅读(共两节,满分 50 分)

第一节(共15 小题:每小题 2.5 分,满分 37.5 分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Exercising regularly not only helps you keep slim, but also improves your overall health and

well-being. Different exercises produce different results, as they focus on alternate parts of the

body.There are four broad exercise categories: endurance, strength, flexibility, and balance. Many

people often only focus on one exercise type, but including all four in your workout will produce

better results and reduce your risk of injury.

Endurance

Endurance exercises increase your breathing and heart rate. By doing endurance exercises, you

are working to keep your heart, lungs, and blood-flow system healthy while improving your total

fitness.Over time these activities will make everyday activities seem easier.

Strength

If you want to build up your muscles, then strength exercises, which are also known as

"resistance training", are right for you. Even the slightest increase in strength can make a huge

difference in your ability to carry out daily tasks. Developing strong muscles also reduces your risk

of weak bones.

Flexibility

Flexibility exercises help stretch your body's muscles. This allows for more freedom of

movement for other exercises and can also improve your range of motion, posture,ability to breathe

deeply, and blood flow. Also, it reduces the muscle tension caused by stress.

Balance

Balance exercises help prevent falls and are especially important to older adults, helping them

stay independent. Most good balance exercises are ones that keep you constantly moving with your

feet on the ground. Heel-to-toe walking and standing on one foot are simple ways to improve

balance.

21. How can a person benefit most from their exercise routine?

A. By combining different exercise types together

B. By having sufficient rest between their workouts

C. By concentrating on one training aspect at a time.

D. By increasing the frequency of their training gradually.

22. Which exercise types are most useful to improve a person's breathing function?

A. Strength and Balance B. Flexibility and Balance

C. Endurance and Strength D. Endurance and Flexibility

23 Which part of the body plays the most important role in balance-related exercises?

A.Arms. B. Legs. C. Waist D. Neck

The history of microbiology begins with a Dutch cloth maker named Antoni van

Leeuwenhoek,a man of no formal scientific education. In the late 1600s, Leeuwenhoek, inspired by

the magnifying lenses(放大镜) he used to examine cloth, built some of the first microscopes. He

developed a technique to improve the quality of tiny, rounded lenses, some of which could magnify

an object up to 270 times.After removing some plaque from between his teeth and examining it

under a lens, Leeuwenhoek found tiny twisting creatures, Which he called"animalcules"".

His observations, which he reported to the Royal Society of London, are among the first

descriptions of microbes( 微生物 ), Leeuwenhoek discovered an entire universe invisible to the

human eye. He found different microbes in samples of pond water, rain water, and human blood. He

gave the first description of red blood cells, observed plant tissue, examined muscle, and

investigated the life cycle of insects.

Nearly two hundred years later, Leeuwenhoek's discovery of microbes helped French chemist

and biologist Louis Pasteur to develop his"theory of disease". This concept suggested that disease

originates from tiny organisms attacking and weakening the body. Pasteur’s theory later helped

doctors to fight infectious diseases including anthrax, diphtheria, polio, smallpox, tetanus, and

typhoid. All these breakthroughs were the result of Leeuwenhoek's original work. Leeuwenhoek did

not foresee this legacy.

In a 1716 letter, he described his contribution to science this way: "My work, which I’ve done

for a long time, was not pursued in order to gain the praise I now enjoy, but chiefly from a strong

desire for knowledge, which I notice resides in me more than in most other men, And

therefore,whenever I found out anything remarkable, I have thought it my duty to put down my

discovery on paper, so that the scientific community might be informed thereof.”

24. Which of the following best describes Leeuwenhoek?

A. A trained researcher with an interest in microbiology

B. A curious amateur who made pioneer studies of microbes

C. A talented scientist interested in finding a cure for disease

D A bored cloth maker who accidentally made a major discovery

25. The underlined phrase"this legacy"in paragraph 3 refers to_______.

A. the discovery of microbes B. Pasteur's theory of disease

C. Leeuwenhoek's contribution D. the origin of the tiny organism

26. What does the quote from Leeuwenhoek's letter suggest?

A. He admitted that many of his discoveries happened by chance.

B. He considered his work to be central to later medical breakthroughs.

C. He was greatly concerned with improving people’s living conditions.

D. He believed the sharing of knowledge was a key to scientific progress

27. What is the correct order for the following events?

a.Magnifying lenses were built.

b.The”theory of disease”was put forward

c Microbes were discovered in samples of waters.

d. Leeuwenhoek's first microscopes were successfully developed.

e Leeuwenhoek explained his thoughts upon his own contribution.

A.a-d-c-e-b B. d-a-c-e-b C. a-c-d-b-e D. d-a-e-b-c

Around 200 B. C, Aristophanes, an ancient Greek librarian, developed a system of marks to

break up text to make it easier to read. Before this, words were often written in one long sentence

without spaces between the words. Today in many languages -including English-there is a set of

rules on how to use full stops, commas and other text marks. However, some believe this is

changing.Dr Robert Frost, who studies language, says people no longer use full stops and other

punctuation (标点)symbols because they feel their messages are clear enough without them. So, is

punctuation helpful or just troublesome?

Yes-punctuation is important

Punctuation is needed in order to make the meaning of written words clear. If a parent

messaged to say, “It's time to eat, children, this is different from, " It's time to eat children". The

second sentence would probably make you want to run in the opposite direction because it sounds

as though children were on the menu. The author Jonathan Pierce argues that punctuation can be

used to add drama,to break up the sequence of words and change the rhythm of a sentence. "It

allows writers to make sentences more interesting so the readers do not get bored, Pierce claims.

“Otherwise, the words run into each other and lose their impact. " Besides, learning the different

ways punctuation marks can be used is fun. It can add a lot to the style of writing and make it

clearer.

No-we don't need it

Punctuation. Even, if a sentence is badly punctuated. like this one: It can still be, understood.

This short piece of text shows that it is the words that are the important part of the sentence, not the

symbols between them. Oxford-based linguist Kelly Jones says, "It is the order in which the words

appear that conveys the meaning, not the punctuation marks. If there is any doubt in the meaning of

the sentence, people are clever enough to work out what the person is really trying to say. For

instance, when people speak, they do not use punctuation and yet we can still understand each

other.”Also, punctuation can be confusing -there are lots of complex rules to observe, and if it is

used incorrectly it can cause more problems than if there were none, Punctuation simply isn't

needed.

28. What is the purpose of this passage?

A. To discuss alternative viewpoints.

B. To support one argument over another.

C. To evaluate the strength of competing ideas.

D. To outline historical development of language

29 Who believes punctuation is necessary?

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