黑龙江省哈尔滨市哈尔滨师范大学附属中学2021-2022学年高一下学期开学考试 英语

3.0 envi 2024-09-25 4 4 53.67KB 7 页 3知币
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哈师大附中高一学年下学期英语学科开学考试试卷
满分 150 分
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30）
第一节(共 5 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，
并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When will the ship leave?
A. At 6:55. B. At 7:05. C. At 9:15.
2. What does the man mean?
A. He is a new driver. B. He is an old driver. C. He can’t drive in the street.
3. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Workmates. C. Doctor and patient.
4. What do you think of the woman?
A. Careful. B. Patient. C. Forgetful.
5. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a museum. B. In a lab. C. In a store.
第二节(共 15 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选
出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5
秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. What are the two speakers doing recently?
A. Trying to find a job. B. Preparing for final exams. C. Finding a school to study
in.
7. What will the woman probably do in the future?
A. Teach in a school. B. Study in a school. C. Work in a company.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。
8. What kind of book did Lily borrow?
A. Chinese culture. B. Chinese history. C. Chinese geography.
9. Why did Lily get angry?
A. She didn’t want to return the book.
B. She hasn’t finished reading the book.
C. She probably felt she wasn’t trusted.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。
10. What have Ben and the woman been busy doing?
A. Finding a place for their trip. B. Getting their work finished. C. Preparing for their
wedding.
11. When will the woman be back to at work?
A. On 27th. B. On 29th. C. Seven days later.
12. Where will Judy and Ben go at last?
A. Taiwan. B. Tibet. C. Bangkok.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。
13. How does the woman usually travel?
A. By car. B. By plane. C. By train.
14. What do we know about the man’s car?
A. It is new. B. It is being repaired. C. It is showed in a shop.
15. Why does the man go to travel?
A. To give a lecture. B. To go on a holiday. C. To look after her mother-in-law.
16. What’s wrong with the woman’s mother-in-law?
A. She is too old to walk. B. She coughs worse at night. C. She has a stomachache.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. Who picked up the children from school?
A. Mrs. Baker. B. Mr. Baker. C. Mrs. Smith.
18. What did the children probably do at seven?
A. They did their homework. B. They had their dinner. C. They watched TV.
19. What did Mrs. Baker do after the children went to bed?
A. She watched TV. B. She had dinner. C. She ironed the clothes.
20. What do we know about Peter?
A. He arrives at home at nine. B. He is Mrs. Baker’s husband. C. He irons clothes until
midnight.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 60 分）
第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 2分，满分 40 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Essay Competition
The aim of this contest is to encourage great student writers and to give them a leg-up in their studies.
Prizes
One Grand Prize winner will receive: $1,000 in cash; the essay published in our magazine’s May 2022
issue; an interview with our magazine’s author.
Ten First Place winners will receive: $500 in cash; their names and essay titles listed in our magazine’s
May 2022 issue.
Fifty Honorable Mention Winners will receive: a $50 gift card to our online shop.
Requirements
＊The length of the essay should be between 500-700 words.
＊Write an essay on the topic of: How Food Affects Our Mood.
＊Please write about three reasons for believing in your thesis (论点) statement in the form of body
paragraphs and back up your reasons with practical evidence from respected sources.
＊Do not write about yourself and don’t explain why you deserve to win the prizes.
Deadlines
Early-Bird Deadline: May 4, 2022-Free for the entry.
Deadline: June 5, 2022-$5 for the entry.
Extended Deadline: July 22, 2022-$10 for the entry.
21. What will the First Place winners be rewarded with?
A. Getting their essays published in the magazine.
B. Having their essay titles listed in the magazine.
C. Receiving a gift card to the particular online shop.
D. Gaining an opportunity to meet the magazine’s author.
22. Which of the following meets the requirements?
A. Writing an essay of more than 800 words.
B. Submitting an essay about food nutrition.
C. Expressing your strong desire to get the award.
D. Supporting your reasons with credible evidence.
23. What are required to support your thesis statement?
A. By sharing your experience. B. By giving three reasons.
C. By listing statistics. D. By clarifying concepts.
24. When can you submit your essay for free?
A. April 30,2022. B. May 20. 2022. C. June 10. 2022. D. July 25,2022.
B
An early morning winter storm had brought several inches of snow to my small town in the
mountains. Schools were canceled, roads were dangerous and all I wanted to do was to stay in bed.
Still, I knew I had to get the day started so I put on warm clothes and walked outside. The snow got all
over my shoes. The cold wind dried my lips and my eyes. My 47-year-old back ached in anticipation
(
预想 )
of the shoveling
(
铲雪 )
I would have to do if the snow didn't stop soon.
Yet, when I looked out on the white blanket that covered the ground, I couldn't help but smile a
bit. It was so beautiful. It softened the bare trees and hid the dead grass. In the distance I could hear the
sound of the snowplow on the road, the barking of a happy dog and the laughter of children playing
outside, enjoying their day off from school.
The sweet music of that laughter brought back a hundred memories of winters past. I remembered
catching snowflakes (雪花) on my tongue, building snowmen, making snow angels, running down hills
and always losing snowball fights with first my brothers and then my own children. Standing there in
that warm coat of memories made the wind a little less cold and my back a little less sore. I turned up
my head, stuck out my tongue and for the first time in years caught a snowflake on it. It tasted so fresh
and clean. It tasted like youth, like joy and like love.
May you always feel young in spirit, no matter how old or achy your body may be. May you
always delight in the simple joys of life. May you always share your happiness with the hearts of
children. And may you always give your love, your light, your laughter and your warmth to others
even on the coldest days.
25. What was the author's first reaction when he knew it snowed heavily？
A. He felt worried. B. He was upset.
C. He was indifferent. D. He felt in danger.
26. From the underlined sentence in Paragraph l, we can know that the author______ .
A. felt too cold because the snow didn’t stop
B. didn't want to start his day on such a snowy day
C. ached in his back because of the cold weather
D. would make greater efforts to clear up the snow
27. From which senses did the author describe the joy of having snow？
A. Taste and smell. B. Sight and smell.
C. Sight, hearing and taste. D. Smell, hearing and taste.
28. What does the author mainly want to tell us with this article？
A. We should always stay young at heart.
B. Snow brings both fun and trouble to humans.
C. Memories can change our opinion in all aspects.
D. Appreciate every moment spent with your family.
C
An alarming scientific review has found human activity is driving insects to extinction ( 灭绝). When
the bottom of the food chain is endangered, so is everything up the chain, including people. Insect
reductions threaten birds, fish, reptiles and amphibians （两栖动物） that eat insects, as well as many
plants that require them for pollination (授粉),Insects are also important to soil health, nutrient recycling
And ecosystem functioning.
Habitat loss from intensive agriculture and urbanization is the main cause of the reductions, according
to the review of worldwide reduction of insects: A review of its drivers. Agricultural pesticide （杀虫剂）
and fertilizer use, pathogens, invasive species and climate change are also major reasons.
A World Wildlife Fund study concluded that we’ve wiped out 60 percent of mammals, fish, birds and
reptiles since 1970. Another study found people have destroyed 83 percent of wild mammals and half of all
plants since the dawn of civilization. As frightening as that, the rate of insect extinction is eight times that of
mammals, birds and reptiles. If these trends continue, most insects could be gone within a century, which
will severely affect all life.
Some solutions can be carried out quickly and relatively easily, such as banning the worst pesticides,
carrying out many available and emerging solutions to pollution and global warming, and examining better
ways to grow, produce and distribute food. Sanchez-Bayo argues that changes in agricultural methods are
extremely important, noting organic farms and farms that used limited pesticide amounts in the past had
more insects. Research also shows organic farms maintain healthier soils, use less energy, send out fewer
greenhouse gas emissions and produce higher yields than conventional farms, especially during droughts.
Many people are frightened at the thought of bites and stings by insects. But whatever you think of
them, there’s no doubt that they’re essential to all life. If insects die out, we won’t survive, from banning
destructive pesticides to reforming agricultural methods to planting insect and pollinator-friendly gardens in
urban areas, there’s much we can and must do to help the creatures survive and develop.
29. What may insect extinction result in?
A. Improving soil health.
B. Reducing human activities.
C. Increasing the varieties of plants and animals.
D. Threatening all up the food chain depending on them.
30. Which of the following creatures disappear most quickly according to paragraph 3?
A. Plants. B. Insects. C. Wild mammals. D. Birds and reptiles.
31. According to Sanchez-Bayo, what is an important method to prevent the insect reduction?
A. Allowing people to keep insects.
B. Banning destructive pesticides.
C. Improving the way of farming.
D. Planting insect-friendly gardens.
32. What would be the best title for the text?
A. Like Them Or Not, We Need Insects
B. Find Out Better Ways To Grow Food
C. Insects Are Developing Very Quickly
D. Agricultural Methods Need Changing
D
Please take a few seconds and think of your personal biggest goal. Imagine telling someone you meet
today what you're going to do. Imagine their congratulations and their high opinions of you. Doesn't it feel
good to say it out loud? Don't you feel one step closer already? Well, bad news: you should have kept your
mouth shut, because that good feeling will make you less likely to do it.
Any time you have a goal, there is some work that needs to be done to achieve it. Ideally, you would
not be satisfied until you’d actually done the work. But when you tell someone your goal and he
acknowledges （ 认 可 ） it, psychologists have found it’s called a " social reality". The mind is kind of
tricked into a feeling that it's already done. And then, because you’ve felt that satisfaction, you're less
motivated to do the actual and necessary hard work. This goes against the traditional wisdom that we should
tell our friends our goals, right?
In 1982, Peter Gollwitzer, a professor of psychology, wrote a whole book about this. And in 2009, he
did some new tests that were published. It goes like this: 163 people across four separate tests—everyone
wrote down their personal goal. Then half of them announced their commitment （承诺）to this goal to the
room, and half didn't. Then everyone was given 45 minutes of work that would directly lead them towards
their goal, but they were told that they could stop at any time. Finally those who kept their mouths shut
worked the entire 45 minutes on average, and when asked afterwards, said they felt they had a long way to
go to achieve their goal. But those who had announced it quit after only 33 minutes on average, and when
asked afterwards, said that they felt much closer to achieving their goal.
33. What do the words “social reality” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Completion of the goal. B. Necessary hard work.
C. People's acknowledgement. D. A sense of satisfaction.
34. What does Peter Gollwitzer try to tell us?
A. Writing down the goal is very helpful.
B. Achieving personal goals needs more time.
C. Keeping the goal secret makes people work harder.
D. Making the goal public makes people less satisfied.
35. How did Peter Gollwitzer prove his idea about people's goal?
A. By giving figures. B. By giving examples.
C. By making a survey. D. By making comparison tests.
36. What will probably happen if you tell your friends your goal?
A. You will be more confident. B. You will not gain satisfaction.
C. You are less likely to realize it. D. You’ll be much more motivated.
E
By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a
warming climate, according to a new study.
At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms (海洋微生物) called phytoplankton.
Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the
ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of
phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in
other spots, leading to changes in the ocean’s appearance.
Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) into the ocean
while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important
process that helps to regulate the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean’s warming
trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they
need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.
Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MIT’s Center for Global Change Science, built a climate model
that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by 3℃, it found that
multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blue areas with
little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming
will make conditions ripe for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener. “Not only are the quantities
of phytoplankton in the ocean changing. ” she said, “but the type of phytoplankton is changing.”
And why does that matter? Phytoplankton are the base of the food web. If certain kinds begin to
disappear from the ocean, Dutkiewicz said, “it will change the type of fish that will be able to survive.”
Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain.
Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the coming decades will probably be too gradual
and unnoticeable, but they could mean significant changes. “It’ll be a while before we can statistically show
that the changes are happening because of climate change,” Dutkiewicz said, “but the change in the colour
of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our planet.”
37. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?
A. The various patterns at the ocean surface.
B. The cause of the changes in ocean colour.
C. The way light reflects off marine organisms.
黑龙江省哈尔滨市哈尔滨师范大学附属中学2021-2022学年高一下学期开学考试 英语.docx

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