第6讲 形容词、副词的比较等级-【暑假辅导班】2021年新八年级英语暑假精品课程(牛津译林版)

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6讲 八上新知专题 形容词、副词的比较等级
【暑假辅导班】2021 年新八年级英语暑假精品课程(牛津译林版)
第一部分 语法
一、形容词/副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则
1)单音节词和少数以-er-ow 结尾的双音节单词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est
① 单音节单词
smallsmaller→smallest shortshorter→shortest
talltallertallest greatgreater→greatest
少数以-er-ow 结尾的双音节单词
clevercleverercleverest narrow→narrower→narrowest
2)以不发音 e结尾的单音节单词,比较级在原形后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st
largelarger→largest nicenicernicest able→abler→ablest
3)以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)单词中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较
-er,最高级加-est
bigbiggerbiggest hothotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest
4)以“辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词, 把 yi,比较级加-er,最高级加-est
easyeasiereasiest heavy→heavier→heaviest
busybusier→busiest happyhappier→happiest
5)其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加 more,最高级在前面加 most
beautifulmore beautifulmost beautiful
differentmore differentmost different
easily→more easilymost easily
6)有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。
goodbetter→best wellbetter→best
bad→worseworst illworseworst
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oldolder/elderoldest/eldest
many/muchmoremost little→lessleast
far further/farther furthest/farthest
记住一个口诀:两好,两坏和两多;一小,一远和一老
二、形容词副词原级比较
1.表示比较双方程度相同时,常用“as + 形容词/ 副词原级 + as结构,意为“..........一样”
Tom is as tall as Jack. 汤姆和杰克一样高。
Fuzhou is as beautiful as Hangzhou. 福州和杭州一样美丽。
He runs as fast as I. 他和我一样跑得快。
Tom studies as hard as Jim. 汤姆和吉姆学习一样努力。
You write as carefully as I. 你和我写得一样认真。
2.表示比较双方程度不同时:“not as /so+ 形容词/副词原级 + as结构, 意为“.......不一样”或
......不如......”
Tom is not as /so tall as Jack. 汤姆不如杰克高(汤姆和杰克不一样高)。
The weather here is not as/so cool as that in Harbin.这的天气不如哈尔滨的天气凉快。
He doesn't run as/so fast as I. 他跑得不如我快。
Tom doesn't study as/so hard as Jim. 汤姆学习不如吉姆努力。
特别注意:
为避免双方比较名词的重复,通常that(those),one(ones)替前面出现的名词,that 指代物,one
可指代人也可指代物,that 可指代可数名词单数和不可数名词,而 one 只能指代可数名词。
The water in this river is clean than that in that river.
这条河的水与那条河的水一样干净。
The weather in Beijing is not so good as that in Hainan.
北京的天气没有海南的天气好。
The roads here were not so clean as those in our hometown.
这里的路没有我们家乡的路干净。
This house is as beautiful as that one. 这座房子与那座房子一样漂亮。
This song sounds as beautiful as that one. 这首歌听起来与那首歌一样优美。
The girls in Class Two are as beautiful as ones in Class Six.
二班的女孩与六班的女孩一样漂亮。
有时也可以用名词性物主代词(如:mine,ours,theirs,yours,hers )代替前面出现的名词。
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Your school is as big as mine. 你的学校与我的学校一样大。
The food was not as delicious as ours.食物没有我们的食物美味。
“as + 形容词/ 副词原级 + as ” 结构中,选择“形容词” 还是“副词”取决于谓语动词是实义动词
还是系动词。如果是系动词就用“形容词”,否则用“副词”。
Maria cooked as successfully as Jane.玛丽煮饭与简一样成功。
I live as happily as before.我过得跟以前一样快乐。
She is writing as carefully as Lucy.她写得与路西一样认真。
Lucy is not so lovely as Lily.路西没有丽丽可爱。
This song sounds as beautiful as that one.这首歌听起来与那首歌一样优美 The food tastes as delicious as
theirs.食物尝起来与他们的食物一样美味。
"as ... as"结构前加上倍数词,表示“............的几倍......”
My bedroom is twice as big as yours.我的卧室是你的卧室的两倍大。
Your table is three times as long as mine.你的桌子是我的桌子的三倍长。
He runs three times faster than his brother.他跑的速度比他弟弟快三倍。
倍数词/分数/百分数+ as 形容词/副词原级+ as ...
→“............的几倍/几分之几/百分之几....”
This box is four times as heavy as that box.
这个盒子是那个盒子的四倍重。
The population of this city is twice as large as that of that city.
这个城市的人口是那个城市的两倍。
Your apple is two thirds as big as mine.
你的苹果是我的苹果的三分之二大。
三、形容词和副词比较级的用法
1)“甲+be+()+形容词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙”或“甲比乙几倍”。
Tom is taller than Kate.汤姆比特高。
This room is three times bigger than that one.这个房比那个大三倍。
2)“甲+实意动词+()+副词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙”或“甲比乙几倍”。
I got up earlier than my mother this morning.
He runs three times faster than his brother.他跑的速度比他弟弟快三倍。
(3)比较级+and+比较级”或more and more+形容词”“表示...”
When the spring is coming, it gets warmer and warmer.
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第6讲 形容词、副词的比较等级-【暑假辅导班】2021年新八年级英语暑假精品课程(牛津译林版).docx

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作者:envi 分类:初中 价格:3知币 属性:15 页 大小:46.74KB 格式:DOCX 时间:2025-02-21

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