02 状语从句-2021-2022学年九年级英语上册核心语法精讲精练（外研版）

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状语从句

1、何为状语：状语的功用:状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和

伴随状况等。

状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、名词、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当。

其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中。

副词是一种用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或全句的词，说明时间，地点，程度，方式等概念。

2、何为状语从句

用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状

语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状

语从句，让步状语从句。

1、状语从句的分类

时间状从 when, while, before, after until, since, as soon as

地点状从 where, wherever

原因状从 because, as, since, now(that)既然

条件状从 if, unless, as(so) long as (只要)

目的状从 so that, in order that

结果状从 so(such)......that....

让步状从 though, although, as, however, no matter......., 疑问词+ever

比较状从 than, as(so) ......as, the more.......the more.....

时间状语从句

1. when 表示“当……时”引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。并

且 when 有时表示“就在那时”

E.g. When she came in, I stopped eating.( 瞬时动词)

When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.（延续性的动词）

2. while 也表示“当……时”引导的从句的谓语动作必须是延续性的，并强调主句和从句的动作

同时发生（或者相对应）。并且 while 有时还可以表示对比。

E.g. While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. (同时发生)

I like playing football while you like playing basketball.(对比)

3. as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute, 等引导的时间状语

从句。这些连词都表示“一……就”

E.g. I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast.

4. before 表示“在……以前”引导的时间状语从句一般表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之前。

E.g. Don’t close the windows before you go to bed.

5. after 表示“在……之后”引导的时间状语从句一般表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后。

E.g.

6. until 表示“直到……”引导的时间状语从句如果主句的谓语动词是延续性动词，主句和从句

都用肯定式；如果主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词，主句用否定式，从句用肯定式，

其中 not…until…表示“直到……才”。

E.g. We worked until it was dark. He didn’t go home until he finished doing his homework.

7. since 引导的时间状语从句谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。一般情况下，

从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。但在 It is ＋时间＋ since

从句的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。 since 是介词，since+时间点表示“自从……以来”，

常与现在完成时连用。

E.g. I have been in Beijing since you left.

Where have you been since I last saw you?

地点状语从句

where , wherever

例句：Where there is a will, there is a way.

Wherever you go, I always by your side.

原因状语从句

(1)原因状语从句通常由because, since, as 引导。例如：

He didn’t come to school because he was ill.

As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo.

Since you can’t answer the question, I’ll ask someone else.

(2)because 表示直接原因，语气最强。because 引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由 why 提

出的问题，只能用 because。as 和since 语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由 as 和since 引导

的原因状语从句多放在句首。例如：

------Why aren’t you going there?

------Because I don’t want to.

As he has no car, he can’t get there easily.

Since we have no money, we can’t buy it.

(3)because 和so 不能同用在一个句子里。

(4)because 与because of 的区别:because 后只能接句子，而 because of 后面只能接名词或名词短语，

不能跟句子。例如：Because of the bad weather, we put off the sports meeting.

Because it rained yesterday, we put off the sports meeting.

条件状语从句

(1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless 引导条件状语从句时，一般遵循主将从现的原则。如果主句是一般

将来时，情态动词加动词原形或祈使句时，状语从句用一般现在时。

例： I’ll help you with your English if I am free tomorrow.

Don’t leave the building unless I tell you to.

You mustn’t be late, if you want to go there with me tomorrow.

(2)“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如：

Hurry up, or you’ll be late. =If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.

Study hard and you will pass the exam. =If you study hard, you will pass the exam.

批注：① unless=if…not.，如：You will get lost easily unless you have a map.

= You will get lost easily if you don’t have a map.

if②既有”如果”也有“是否”的意思。作“如果”讲时遵循主将从现的原则，作“是否”讲时引

导宾语从句。

例：I don’t know if he will come back tomorrow.

I will go to Shanghai if I am free next week.

结果状语从句

结果状语从句由so…that, such…that, so that 引导。例如：

He is so poor that he can’t buy a bike for his son.

She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.

My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldn’t see it.

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