《八年级英语下册同步课堂（人教版）》Unit 3 Could you please clean your room —Grammar

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Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?

Grammar

【要点讲解】

情态动词 could 的用法

一、提出礼貌的请求

could 表示委婉地请求，其句型结构主要有：

1. Could you +动词原形+...?

2. Could you please+动词原形+...?

意为＂请你做……好吗? ＂句型 2比句型 1语气更加委婉。肯定回答：Yes, sure. / Sure. / Of

course. / No problem. 否定回答：Sorry. / Sorry, I can’t.

Li Lei, could you please help me? 李雷，请你帮我个忙好吗？

—Could you come here soon? 你尽快过来，行吗？

—Sure. 当然可以。

—Could you please close the window? 请你关上窗户好吗？

—I’m afraid not. 恐怕不行。

【注意】其否定结构为：Could you（please）not do...?

【知识拓展】

Would you mind doing sth? 也可表示请求，常用句型：

Would you please + do sth?

Would you + do sth?

肯定回答：Sure. / Of course. / No problem. / I’d love to.

否定回答：Sorry. / Sorry, I can’t. / I’d love to, but...

—Would you mind cleaning your room? 你介意去打扫你的房间吗？

—No. I’d like to. 不，我很乐意。

二、表示请求许可

can 的过去式礼貌地请求提出建议推测

could

1. could 表示请求允许，其句型结构为：

Could I/we +动词原形+...? 意为＂请问我（们）能做……吗? ＂

肯定回答：Sure. / Of course. / No problem.

否定回答：I’m sorry / Sorry, you can’t. 若关系比较亲近，也可以直接说 No, you can’t.

【温馨提示】在以上句子结构中情态动词 could 不是 can 的过去式，而是用来表示委婉语气

的，后跟动词原形。

Could I come in? 我可以进来吗？

2. 另外，用 Could I ...？时，表示请求对方准许，对方回答时不能用 could，而要用 can。

—Could I use your bicycle? 我可以用你的自行车吗？

—Yes, you can. 是的，可以。

3. 对于这种请求的肯定和否定回答的常用语

肯定回答常用语：Certainly. / Of course. / With pleasure. / No problem. / Sure. / Yes, you can.

否定回答常用语：I’m afraid not. / No, I’m afraid I can’t. / No, you can’t.

三、could 与can 的区别

could 与can 都是情态动词，could 是can 的过去式。二者都可用于表示请求，但是用法稍有不

同：

1. can 表示一般性的请求，语气随便，常用于熟人之间或长辈对晚辈、上级对下级的场合。

Can you tell us your story, Tony? 你能给我们讲讲你的故事吗，托尼？

2. could 表示有礼貌地请求，语气委婉，常用于非熟人之间或晚辈对长辈、下级对上级的场

合。

—Could you tell us if it snows in winter in Australia? 请告诉我们，澳大利亚冬天下雪吗？

—Sure. 当然可以。

【巩固练习】

一. 单项选择

1. —Could you help me take it to the classroom?

— _______________.

A. Yes, I could B. No, I couldn’t

C. Yes, sure D. No, I don’t

2. —Could I borrow your car?

— _______________, but I need it. I _______________ go to school.

A. Certainly; don’t B. Sorry; have to

C. Certainly; don’t have to D. Sure; have to

3. — _______________ you please play tennis with me?

—Sorry, I _______________.

A. Could; can’t B. Could; couldn’t

C. Can; don’t D. Can; couldn’t

4. Could you _______________ the window? I feel a little cold.

A. please not open B. please not to open

C. not please to close D. please not to close

5. —Could you please do the dishes for me, Jim’?

— _______________. I have to make my bed.

A. Yes, sure B. OK

C. Sorry, Mom D. No problem

6. —Could you help me with the math problem?

— _______________. I’m too busy now.

A. Yes, please B. No, sure

C. Yes, you could D. Sorry, I can’t

7. —Shall we take a car?

—No, we _______________. It’s only five minutes’ walk.

A. can’t B. mustn’t

C. needn’t D. couldn’t

8.All passengers _______________ go through safety check before they take a plane.

A. can B. may C. must D. could

9.—Hi. Jack! Could you come to our English party?

—Sorry, I _______________. I have to look after my little sister at home.

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