专题03 语法归纳(测试版)九年级上册英语期末备考大礼包(牛津深圳版)

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牛津深圳版 2019-2020 学年九年级上册期末备考--语法归纳
一、反意疑问句
()含义及构成:
反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句,它表示提问的人对陈述的事实没有把握,需要对方证实反意疑问句由两部
分构成:前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个简短的疑问句。前后两部分在人称、数、时态等方面必
须保持一致,如:
She often has lunch at school, ?
You don't like sports, ?
()使用反意疑问句时要遵循以下三条原则:
1、“前肯后否”或“前否后肯”,如:
They are very late for the meeting, aren't they?
You can't do it, can you?
2、前后两句主语保持一致,
3、前后两句时态保持一致,问句部分的助动词要由陈述句部分的谓语动词决定,如:
They will go to town soon, ?(不能用 don't they? aren't they?
He works very hard, ?(不能用 didn't he?won't he?
()反意疑问句的答语:
  回答遵循一个原则,那就是不管怎么提问,只要事实是肯定的,就用“ Yes,肯定回答”;只要事实
是否定的,就用“No,否定回答”。但在前否后肯的反意疑问句中,其答语与汉语翻译不同,Yes 要翻译
成“不”,No 要翻译成“是”。
—You will never forget him, will you? 你永远不会忘记他,是吗?
不,我会忘记。
是的,我不会忘记。
()反意疑问句的特殊用法:
1、反意疑问句的陈述部分为 I am……时,问句部分习惯上用 aren't I?表示。如:
I am a very honest man, ?
2、陈述部分的主语为 somebody(someone), anybody(anyone), nobody(no one),
everybody(everyone)等表示人的复合不定代词时,问句部分的主语用 he they,这时问句动词的数应和 he
they 一致。如:
Someone has taken the seat, ?
3、陈述部something, anything, nothing, everything 的不句部
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it。如:
Something is wrong with the computer, ?
4、当陈述部分的主语是指示代词 thisthat thesethose 时,附加疑问句的主语分别用 it they,例如:
This/That is a plane, ? 这是一架飞机,是吗?
These/Those are grapes, ? 这些是葡萄,是吗?
5、陈述部分为 There (Here) + be + 主语时,问句部分用动词+there(here)?如:
There are two cakes on the plate, ?
Here is a story about Mark Twain, ?
6、陈述部分带有 little, few, never, hardly, seldom 等表示否定意义的词时,问句部分用肯定形式。如:
She never tells a lie, ?(不用 doesn't she?
7、如果陈述部分含有由 un-, im-, in-, dis-等否定意义的前缀或后缀时,陈述部分要视为肯定含义,问句部
分仍然用否定形式。如:
Your father is unhappy, ?(不能用 is he?
8、当陈述部分含有情态动词 must 时,视情况而定。
(1)must 作“一定要;必须”讲,反意疑问句须用 mustn't needn't
He must work hard at physics, ?
(2)must 表示推测时,问句部分需根据 must 后的动词形式决定。如:
Tom must be at home, ?
You must have got up late this morning, ?
You must have made a mistake, ?
9、陈述部分含 used to 时,问句部分用 didn't usedn't
He used to live in the country, ?
10、陈述部分含 had better 时,问句部分用 hadn't +主语?
You'd better tell him about the matter, ?
11、当陈述部分为含有宾语从句的复合句时
(1)若陈述部分为非第一人称主语+ think(believe, suppose, consider) + that 从句时,问句部分的动词和主语与
陈述部分主句的动词和主语保持一致。如:
They all think that English is very important, ? (不用 isn't it?
He didn't think that the news was true, ? (不用 wasn't/ was it?
(2)若陈述部分为 I(We) don't think(believe, suppose, consider)+ that 从句时,从句为否定意义,问句部分的动
词和主语仍与 that 从句保持一致且用肯定式。如:
I don't think that you can do it, ? (不用 do I?
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We don't believe that the news is true, ? (不用 do we?
12、若陈述部分为主语+said( told, reported, asked……) + that 从句时,问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分主
句的动词和主语保持一致。如:
They said that you had finished your work, ? (不用 hadn't you
Kate told you that she would go there, ? (不用 wouldn't she?
13、当陈述部分为祈使句时
(1)不管是肯定还是否定,问句一般用“will you?”,陈述部分是肯定祈使句时,问句部分一般用 will you
式表示请求,用 won't you 形式表示委婉请求或邀请;陈述部分为否定祈使句时,问句部分一般用 will you?
如:
Please open the window, ?(won't you?)
Don't make any noise, ?
(2)陈述部分为 Let us……时,问句部分习惯上用 will you? 陈述部分为 Let's……时,问句部分习惯上用 shall
we?如:
Let us stop to rest, ?
Let's go home together, ?
(3)陈述部分为 Let me……时,问句部分习惯上用 shall I? will you?形式。如:
Let me have a try, ?(will you?)
二、句子种类
句子种类结构图
肯定句 eg: I like going hiking.
陈述句
(陈述一件事) 否定句 eg: I can’t swim.
一般疑问句: be 动词、情态动词、助动词 do/does/did 开头
特殊疑问句:以 what/how/why/when/where/which...等开头
疑问句 选择疑问句( ...or ....):提供选择供对方选
句子 (发问) 反意疑问句:“陈述部分+反问部分?”
do 型:动原开头 Take a seat, please.
肯定祈使句 Let 型: let 开头 Let’s go
祈使句 Don’t : Don’t 开头 Don’t leave me alone.
(表请求、命令等) 否定祈使句
No 型: No 开头 No kidding !
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专题03 语法归纳(测试版)九年级上册英语期末备考大礼包(牛津深圳版).doc

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