《外研版英语九年级上册教案(知识点详解+语法+写作)》Module 11 外研版英语九(上)模块语法详解与训练

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外研版英语九(上)Module 11 模块语法详解与训练
模块语法详解
which who 引导的定语从句
1. which 引导的定语从句
如果先行词是物,那么定语从句的引导词可以whichwhich 在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。作宾语时
可以省略。多数情况下,which that 可以互换。如:
This is a book which/that interests me. 这是一本让我感兴趣的书。(作主语)
The book (which/that) he bought yesterday is lost. 他昨天买的那本书丢了。(作宾语)
2. who 引导的定语从句
如果先行词指人,那么定语从句的引导词可以用 whowho 在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时也可以
用宾格 whom。如:
The girl who is talking to the boy is my sister. 正在跟那个男孩谈话的女孩是我的妹妹。(作主语)
The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 正和我父亲握手的那个人是警察。(作主语)
Is that the actor who/whom you talked about last week? 那是上周你们谈论的那个演员吗? (作宾语)
注意:如果引导词紧接在介词之后,只能用 whom,不能用 who。很多情况下 who 可以用 that 替换。如:
The person to whom you should write is Mr Smith. 你应该给他写信的人是史密斯先生。
Is this the girl with whom you talked for a long time last night. 这就是你昨天晚上跟她谈了很久的那个女孩吗?
Do you know Mr Zhang who/whom/that they like very much? 你认识他们非常喜欢的张先生吗?
3. 定语从句中引导词的省略
不管定语从句修饰的是人还是物,如果引导词 that, who/whom, which 在从句中作宾语,通常可以省略,但
是如果引导词在从句中作主语时或紧紧跟在介词后作宾语则不能省略。如:
Is that the car (that/which) you bought last month? 那是你上个月买的车吗?(作宾语,可省略)
A friend is a person (that/ who/whom ) you know very well and like. 朋友是你十分了解并且喜欢的人。(作宾语,可省略)
The train which/that has just left is for Shanghai. 刚刚开走的火车是开往上海的。(作主语,可省略)
注意:引导词作宾语时可以省略是因为省略后的从句仍然有主语和谓语,仍然可以分辨出哪部分是定语
从句。但是,引导词在从句中作主语时就不能省略,否则会造成结构混乱。以下两句中的引导词 who
that 在从句中作主语,不能省略。此外,需要注意的是,虽然在定语从句中作宾语的引导词在口语中往往
被省略,但在正式文体中则常常被保留。如:
I’d like to have a teacher who is good at speaking. 我想拥有一位擅长演讲的老师。
He can make lessons that are usually boring interesting. 他能把枯燥乏味的课讲得生动有趣。
4. 只用 which 而不用 that 的情况:
1)先行词由指示代词 that 修饰时或先行词本身就是 that。如:
I don’t like that which he did. 我不喜欢他做的那件事。
I want that book which is on your right. 我想要你右边那本书。
What’s that which flashed in the sky just now? 刚才天空中一闪而过的是什么东西?
2)引导词(又叫关系代词)前有介词且指事物时。如:
This is the book for which you ask. 这是你要的那本书。
The classroom in which we study is bright. 我们学习的教室很明亮。
The pen with which you are writing is Tom’s. 你正在用来写字的那支笔是汤姆的。
The house in which I used to live has become a clothes shop. 我过去住的房子现在变成了服装店。
3)引导非限制性定语从句时,只能用 which。如:
His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. 他妈妈十分地爱他,对他要求很严格。
This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人,我已经读了三遍了。
China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful. 立于 1949 的中,正变得越强大
模块语法
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《外研版英语九年级上册教案(知识点详解+语法+写作)》Module 11 外研版英语九(上)模块语法详解与训练.doc

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