《八年级英语下学期期末专项复习(外研版)》专题10 宾语从句

3.0 envi 2025-02-24 15 4 93KB 19 页 3知币
侵权投诉
专题 10 宾语从句
第一部分 语法
宾语从句主要考查的是时态及宾语从句的语序,有时也会考查宾语从句的引导词。考查的主要形式是
单项填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也会考查到宾语从句。因此学生要
熟练掌握宾语从句的用法。
考查重点:
1. 引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择;
2. 宾语从句的语序;
3. 宾语从句的时态。
: 宾语从句的种类
宾语从句是一种名词性从句,在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语。根据引导
宾语从句的不同连词,宾语从句可分为三类。
1. that 引导的宾语从句。that 只有语法作用,没有实在的意义,在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.
She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.
I am sure (that) he will succeed.
2. 由连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which 和连接副词 when, where, why, how 引导的宾语从句。这些连
接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?
He asked whose handwriting was the best.
Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?
I don’t know why the train is late.
3. if whether 引导的宾语从句。if whether 在句中的意思是"是否"。
I want to know if (whether) he lives there.
He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
: 宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序,即按照主语、谓语的顺序。
1. 陈述句变为宾语从句,语序不变,即仍用陈述语序。
1
He is an honest boy. The teacher said.
The teacher said(that) he was an honest boy.
2. 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句,语序变为陈述语序。
Does he work hard? I wonder.
I wonder if/whether he works hard.
典例
— Do you know ____________?
—At 9:00 tomorrow morning.
A. when the video meeting began
B. when did the video meeting begin
C. when the video meeting will begin
D. when will the video meeting begin
【答案】C
【解析】句意:你知道视频会议什么时候开始吗?——明天上午九点。考查宾语从句。问句是一个含
宾语从句的复合句,宾语从句中从句语序应该为陈述句语序,因此排除 BD;根据答语“At 9 o'clock
tomorrow morning.”可知询问的应该是将来的事,用一般将来时,选项 A是一般过去时,故选 C
: 宾语从句主句与从句时态一致的问题。
1. 如果主句是现在的某种时态(包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时),那么宾语从句的时态可根
据实际情况而定。
I remember he gave me a book yesterday.
He has told me that he’ll leave for New York tomorrrow.
I don’t think (that) you are right.
Please tell us where he is.
Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?
典例
The policeman asked the little boy if ________ his home.
A. he could find B. could he find C. he can find
【答案】A
【解析】句意:警察问那个小男孩能否找到他的家。考查宾语从句。 he could find 他能找到,陈述语序;
could he find 他能找到,疑问语序;he can find 他能找到,陈述语序。分析句子结构可知此处是 if 导的宾
语从句,宾语从句要用陈述语序,排除 B,结合主句中“asked”可知主句用一般过去时,从句要用过去时
2
态,排除 C。故选 A
2. 如果主句是过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行时),那么宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态
(包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。
He told me that he would take part in the high jump.
He asked what time it was.
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.
He asked if you had written to Peter.
He said that he would go back to the US soon.
3. 如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理,即使主句是过去时,从句也用一般现在时态。
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.
He told me that the earth is round.
宾语从句解题技巧
宾语从句须注意,几点事项应牢记。
一是关键引导词,不同句子词相异。
陈述句子用 that;一般疑问是否(ifwhether)替;
特殊问句更好办,引导还用疑问词。
二是时态常变化,主句不同从句异。
主句若为现在时,从句时态应看意;
主句若为过去时,从句时态向前移。
三是语序要记清,从句永保陈述序。
宾语从句种语法详解
that 引导的宾语从句
that 是宾语从句的一个引导词,放在主句和从句之间。它引导的宾语从句由陈述句转化而来,故从
的语序不变。在 that 导的宾语从句中,that 作连接代词,无意义,在句中不作任何成分,在口语或非正
式的文体中通常可以省略。
3
《八年级英语下学期期末专项复习(外研版)》专题10 宾语从句.doc

共19页,预览5页

还剩页未读, 继续阅读

作者:envi 分类:初中 价格:3知币 属性:19 页 大小:93KB 格式:DOC 时间:2025-02-24

开通VIP享超值会员特权

  • 多端同步记录
  • 高速下载文档
  • 免费文档工具
  • 分享文档赚钱
  • 每日登录抽奖
  • 优质衍生服务
/ 19
客服
关注