《八年级英语下学期期末专项复习(外研版)》专题07 被动语态

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专题 07 被动语态
被动语态
一:被动语态的句型
句型 构成 例句
肯定句
+ be + (
+ by... )
English is spoken everywhere. 到处有人说英语。
否定句
+ be + not +
分词( + by…)
English isn’ t spoken by people here. 这里的人不说英语。
一般疑问句
Be + + 过去分词
(+ by...)?
—Was Tom asked to come early? 汤姆被要求早点来吗?
—Yes, he was. 是的,他被要求了。/No, he wasn’ t. 不,他没有。
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词 + be +
+ 过去分词(+by...)?
Why was this bridge destroyed by the government? 政府为什么要拆
毁这座桥?
二:被动语态的各种时态形式
时态 结构 例句
一般现在时
+ am/is/are +
去分词 + 其他
History is made by the people. 历史是人们创造的。
These books are designed for children. 这些书是为孩子们设计的。
一般过去时
主语 + was/were +
去分词 + 其他
The letter was written in English. 这封信是用英语写的。
The cars were made in Shanghai. 这些车是上海生产的。
一般将来时
主语 + will be +
分词 + 其他
Your job will be kept open for your return. 你的工作将保留到你回
来。
When will the work be finished? 这项工作什么时候完成?
现在进行时
主 语 + am/is/am +
being + 过去分词 +
其他
A new railway is being built. 一条新铁路正在修建。
Because my car is being repaired, I have to go to work by taxi.
为我的车正在修理,所以我不得不坐出租车去上班。
1
过去进行时
主 语 + was/were +
being + 过 去 分 词 +
其他
The hall was being built last year. I m not sure if it is completed.
个个大厅去年正在修建,我不清楚建好了没有。
The road was being widened when I passed by the village. 当我经
过那个村庄时,道路正在加宽。
现在完成时
主语 +have/has been +
过去分词 + 其他
He has been sent to work in Shanghai. 他已经被派往上海工作了
Has the sports meeting been put off until next Friday?
推迟到下周五了吗?
过去完成时
+ had been +
去分词 + 其他
The room had been broken into before we came. 我们来之前已经
有人强行进过这间屋子。
A new hotel had been built when I got there. 到那儿时,一座新
旅馆已经建好了。
情态动词
主语 + 情态动词 + be
+ 过去分词 + 其他
Her temperature should be taken twice a day. 她的体温应该一天量
两次。
If heated, water can be turned into vapour. 如果受热,水会变成
蒸气。
三:被动语态的用法
用法 例句
不知道或者不必说出动作的执行者
How is this word pronounced? 这个单词怎么发音?
The book was published in 2005. 这本书是 2005 年出版的。
强调动作的承受者
School will be opened in our village.
学校。
当动作的执行者是泛指时 He is suspected of robbing the bank. 有人怀疑他抢劫银行。
表示委婉或礼貌,避免提及动作的
执行者
I have been told many times not to make noises. 告诉
要吵闹。
句法修饰的需要
The lecture will be made by Joe, who is a young musician from Italy.
乔要做这个报告,他是意大利的一位年轻的音乐家。
有些动词习惯上常用被动语态 He was born in this city. 他出生在这个城市。
2
It is reported that he is a professor from New Zealand. 据报道,他是
来自新西兰的一位教授。
四:主动语态变被动语态
说明 例句
含有单个宾语的主动句,即"主语 + 语动
+ 语":把主动句的宾语变为被动句的
主语,并依据上表(被动语态的各种时态形
式)谓语改为被动形式;如果需要说明动作
by +
(人称代词宾格)"。
The famous professor gave two lectures in English.
Two lectures were given (by the famous professor) in
English.
那位著名的教授用英语作了两次报告。
They often ask some questions after class.
Some questions are often asked (by them) after class.
他们经常在课后问一些问题。
含有宾语的主动句,即"主语 + 宾语
+ 宾语":当宾语是词或代词
时,宾语和直接宾语意一个
是,当直接宾语变为主语时,间宾语前应
加上to or
The doctor gave me some good advice on the
pronunciation.
I was given some good advice on the pronunciation.
Some good advice was given to me on the pronunciation.
老师给我提了一些关于发音方面的好建
含有复合宾语的主动句,即"主 + 宾语 +
宾语语":把主动句的宾语变为被动句
的主语,宾(成为主语
称主)
We call him Li Hua.
He is called Li Hua. 我们李华
They painted the room white.
The room was painted white. 他们把成了白色
【易错警
感官动词和使动词后接形作宾,变为被动语态时,需要在动词前加上省略不定
符号 to,即"be seen/heard/found/observed/noticed/made to do sth"。
They saw her enter the meeting room just now.
She was seen to enter the meeting room just now. 刚才他们看见她进了会议室
含有动词语(作谓语)的主动句:谓
语为及语的主动句变为被
They take good care of these children.
These children are taken good care of.
3
《八年级英语下学期期末专项复习(外研版)》专题07 被动语态.doc

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