《八年级英语暑假知识点巩固(外研版)》9.1 语法填空 知识梳理与挖空练

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语法填空
()词性吻合的情况下,结合实际语境、语法规则来确定所填单词的具体形式,得出最终答案。
1.名词
首先要判断一个名词是可数还是不可数。有些名词一词多义,可数与不可数根据词义而定,可数名词要
注意复数的变化规则;有些词单数与复数相同,还要特别注意一些特殊的复数名词的所有格的构成。
2.合成名词
名词+名词:basketball 篮球,bedroom 卧室
形容词+名词:blackboard 黑板,highway 公路
动词+名词:playground 操场
动名词+名词:dining room 餐厅
副词+名词:overcoat 长大衣
动词+副词:break-in 闯入,get-together 聚会
3.派生的名词
(1)前缀 non- 无,没有(表否定):non-smoker 不吸烟的人
(2)后缀
-er,-or①  人,动作者(加在动词后构成名词)
teach 教—teacher 教师
visit 访问—visitor 参观者
invent 发明—inventor 发明者
-ese,-(ia)n②  人,语言(加在国名后构成形容词或名词)
China 中国—Chinese 中国的,中国人的,中国人,汉语
Japan 日本—Japanese 日本的,日本人的,日本人,日语
America 美国—American 美国的,美国人的,美国人
Australia 澳大利亚—Australian 澳大利亚的,澳大利亚人的,澳大利亚人
music 音乐—musician 音乐家
4.代词
代词可分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词和不定代词等。人称代词可分为主格和宾格。
物主代词可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。对于不定代词要注意几点:作主语时,谓语均为单数;
形容词作定语时,形容词要后置;另 外 ,还要注意以下不定代词的用
;some,any,all,both,none,neither,either,other,another,many,much,(a)few,(a)little,one 等。
5.动词
1
如果需要填入动词,则要考虑动词的时态和语态、不定式和动名词等形式。一定要记住哪些动词后跟不
定式,哪些跟动名词。
6.形容词和副词
要确定单词在句中的作用。形容词一般作定语修饰名词或作表语位于系动词之后 ,而副词一般在句子中
作状语,修饰动词、形容词和副词。两类词都有比较级和最高级。
7.数词
数词分为基数词和序数词。当百、千、百万等数字前有具体数字时,hundred,thousand,million 等不用复
,five thousand;无具体数字时,用复数,后面再加 of,thousands of。另外,英语中分数的表达法也很重要。
()若词性不吻,则要将其转换为正确的形式。如动词转化为分词形式,作形容词。形容词可以转化为
副词。
()对于不提供参考词汇的题目,有可能是填冠词、介词、代词、疑问代词、疑问副词和复合句中的引
导词。
Sorry” is a word that people in Britain often say in their daily life. One day while I was w 1 on the street, a
young man ran by hurriedly, brushing()against my handbag. He continued his way, but turned b 2 and said
“sorry” to me. Even in a rush, he didn’t f 3 to say “sorry”. One day, after I bought some bananas, the shopkeeper
was passing me the change(), but I wasn’t ready for it and a coin dropped onto the ground. “Sorry, Madam,”
he said w 4 bending to pick it up. I was s 5 why he said “sorry” to me. Another time, I stepped on a man’s f 6
at the entrance(入口) to a cinema. At the same time, we b 7 said “sorry”.
Slowly, I got to know that when something unpleasant happens in daily life, the British don’t c 8 much about who
is wrong. If someone is in t 9 , a “sorry” is always necessary(必需的). Perhaps that is w 10 I seldom see people
quarrel on the buses or streets in Britain.
【答案】
1.walking 2. back 3.forget 4.with 5.surprised
6.foot 7.both 8.care 9.trouble 10.why
  阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Do you play Ant Forest?It is   1   online game on Alipay(支付宝). Players   2   (collect) “energy” by doing
something environmentally friendly. They can grow and water   3   (they) own “trees” with the “energy”.   4
the “trees” are big enough, Alipay with some other companies will plant real trees in the desert( 沙 漠 ) area of
China. Every year millions of trees   5   (plant) in this way.
2

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《八年级英语暑假知识点巩固(外研版)》9.1 语法填空 知识梳理与挖空练.doc

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