牛津译林版八年级上册unit 8 知识点学案

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Unit 8 Natural disasters
Comic strip & Welcome to the unit
1. My house is all wet. I was sleeping when it started to rain.
wet adj. 湿的
2. I was sleeping when it started to rain.天开始下雨时,我正在睡觉。
start v. 开始 start to do sth. 开始做某事 = begin to do sth.
start doing sth. 开始做某事(谈论一项长期的或习惯性的活动时)
3. Didn't you hear the rain? 难道你没有听见下雨(的声音)吗?
否定疑问句即否定形式的疑问句:“难道……不……吗?”
[提醒]对否定疑问句的回答,要根据实际情况来回答。
listen (to) & hear 的区别
listen (to) 集中注意力尽量听清楚,强调听的过程,后面不紧跟听的内容时用 listen,如紧跟听的内容则用 listen to
hear 强调听的结果,指声音传进了耳朵
[提醒] hear 通常不用于进行时,要表达说话时听到什么,常用 can hear
4. Who will mop up the water up if I go home without you?
mop v. “用拖把擦干净” (mopped, mopped, mopping)
mop up 擦干,抹去” 名后代中
mop the floor 拖地 mop up the floor 把地拖干净 mop it up 把它擦干净
without prep & adv. 没有;缺乏,,
5. Earthquake kills thousands of people.地震杀死了成千上万的人。
thousand 常和具体数字连用,但不管几千,thousand 只能用单数形式。
thousands of 意为“成千上万”,后接复数名词,不能和具体数字连用,但可以和 many 等连用。
three thousand students 三千名学生 thousands of students 成千上万的学生
hundred( )million (百万)billion(十亿)thousand 的用法一样。
earthquake n. 地震
6. Coach crashes into tree. A flood washes away village. Lightning starts big fire in classroom building. Young boy falls
from tree and hurts legs.
crash 不及物动词, “碰撞,撞击” crash into 撞上”
The car crashed on the bend. Luckily, no one was hurt. 汽车在拐弯处发生了碰撞。幸运的是,没有人受伤。
I crashed into a tree and hurt my knee. 我撞到了树上,把膝盖碰伤了。
1
wash away 冲走”,属于“动词+副词”结构,名后代中
The flood washed them away. 洪水冲走了他们。ÁÁ
The rain washed away the rubbish on the street. 雨水把街上的垃圾冲走了。
start 1. 及物动词, “使发生,开始。start 后可跟名词、动词不定式或动名词作宾语。
We love peace and we don't want to start a war. 我们热爱和平,我们不想引起战争。
He started to mop the floor at six o'clock yesterday. 他是昨天 6点开始拖地的。
2. 不及物动词, “出发,动身,开始”等。
7. Did you hear about the fire at a school in the UK last week? There was a heavy storm with thunder and lightning.
hear 相关的词组
hear 感官动词之一: hear sb. do/doing sth.听到某人做了在做某事
可后加宾语从句,表“听说某事
后加宾语,表示“听到,听见”,强调听的结果。
hear about 听到、听说、听到关于…的消息(含义同 hear of)
hear of 常用在否定句和疑问句中,后加某人或某事,不加从句;也有“ hear of sb. doing sth.”的用法,表“听说过
某人做某事”。
hear from 相当于: get/receive a letter from sh.收到某人的来信
a heavy storm 一场暴风雨
with thunder and lightning 雷电交加的,伴有雷电的,作后置定语
8. What happened 发生了什么?
(1) 表示“某地(某时)发生了什么事”,常用“sth.+ happen +地点/时间”这一结构来表达,此时主语应是事情.
The story happened in 2003. 这个故事发生在 2003 .
An accident happened in that street. 那条街上发生了一起事故.
(2) 表示“某人出了某事(常指不好的事)”,要用“sth.+ happen+to sb.”这一结构来表达.
A car accident happened to her this morning. 今天上午她发生了交通事故.
What happened to you? 你怎么啦?
9. Lightning hit a classroom building and it caught fire.
hit v. , , 碰撞, 击中, hit 的过去式为 hit, 词为 hitting
catch fire 着火 be on fire 着火失火(强调状态make a fire
Reading
2
1. I was sleeping when the earthquake started.
过去进行时when过去时
Milie was reading a book when one of her friends came to see her. 米莉的一个朋友看望她时,她正在本书
Mrs Li was cooking dinner when the telephone rang. 电话李女士正在做晚饭
2. At first, I felt a sight shak e .开始,我感觉到轻微动。
shake
(1) n. 动,震动 He gave the tree a shake. 摇晃了一下。
(2) v. 动,震动 (shook shaken shaking) We felt the house shaking. 我们感到房子动。
3. Then I heard a loud noise like thunder.后我听见雷鸣般巨大声。
loud 形容词, “声的",常用作表语或定语。
He always speaks in a loud voice. 声说话。
The man's voice is very loud. 那个男子的声音
4. People screamed in fear.人们恐惧尖叫着
scream vi. 尖叫惊呼,通常指痛苦恐惧而发出尖叫声。
in fear 惊恐;恐惧处于惊恐之中” fear 名词,“害怕,恐惧”。
be in fear of… 害怕……”
5. Some ran out of the building. I tried my best to run out too, but I could not.往楼外。我也尽大努外跑
但我不出去。
run out of “..... 里跑出去” run out 出去”
(2)try one's best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力Á做某事” = do one's best to do sth.
We should try/do our best to learn English well. 我们应最大努力把语学好。
6. Outside, people were running in all directions while pieces of glass and bricks were falling down.
纷落下的时面的人正在逃跑
in all directions 八方;向各方向
When we speak, sound waves begin to travel and go in all directions. 当我们说话时,声波就开始传并向四八方扩散
while 连词 当……的时”,强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时进行, 也可以表示在某事进行的过程中发生了
Lucy is making a paper boat while Lily is writing a letter. 莉莉写信的时候露西叠纸船
While she was listening to the MP3 player, she fell asleep. 她听MP3 的时了。
[补充]
while 连词, “”,表示对I like strawberries while my sister likes grapes.草莓欢葡
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