牛津上海版英语八年级上册 时态专项讲解及复习2(有答案)

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时态复习
现在完成时
一、现在完成时含义
现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,
就是说, 动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在。
e.g. I have lost my wallet. (含义是:现在我没有钱花了。)
Jane has laid the table.(含义是:已可以吃饭了。)
Michael has been ill. (含义是:现在仍然很虚弱。)
He has returned from abroad. (含义是:现在已在此地)
二、现在完成时结构与句型
助动词 have /has+动词过去分词,主语为第三人称单数用 has,其他人称用 have
句型: 1、肯定句:主语+have /has+动词过去分词+其他。
I have studied English for 5 years .
2否定句:主语+have /has+not +动词过去分词+其他
We haven’t been there .
3一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+动词过去分词+其他?
Has he eaten that apple ?
4特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+ have /has +主语+动词过去分词+其他?
Where have you been to recently?
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三、现在完成时用法
1现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的、持续到现在的情况,常与 for, since
用。
e.g. Mary has been ill for three days.
I have lived here since 1998.
2、 现 在 完 成 时 往 往 同 表 示 不 确 定 的 过 去 时 间 状 语 连 用 , already, yet, just, before,
recently, lately
等:
e.g. He has already obtained a scholarship.
I haven’t seen much of him recently/lately.
We have seen that film before.
Have they found the missing child yet?
3现在时常常与的时状语often, sometimes, ever, never, twice, on
several occasions 等:
e.g. Have you ever been to Beijing?
I have never heard Bunny say anything against her.
I have used this pen only three times. It is still good.
George has met that gentleman on several occasions.
4现在时还往往同包现在间在的时状语,如 now, up to these few
days/weeks/months/years, this morning/week/month/year, now, just, today, up to
present, so far
等。
e.g. Peter has written six papers so far.
Man has now learned to release energy from the nucleus of the atom.
There has been too much rain this year.
The relations between us have been enhanced in the past few years.
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Up to the present everything has been successful.
5、现在完成时表示现在之前就已完成的动作, 虽然其效果或影响仍然存在但已不再继续,
是有一些现在完成时的句子,在后面加上 for+段时间,则现在完成时的动作就表示
续性
E.g. Thomas has studied Russian. (现在不再学俄语)
Thomas has studied Russian for three years.
(=Thomas began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.)
6、现在完成时还可以用来表示过去的一个时间到现在这段时间内重复发生的动作。
e.g. We have had four texts this semester.
7. 现在完成时中的时间状语:
already 通常用于肯定句中,意为“已经”,位于行为动词之前, be 动词、助动词之
后。有时可放在疑问句句尾,表示惊讶。例如:
We have already cleaned the classroom.
Have you finished it already
yet 用于疑问句中表示“已经”;用于否定句中,表示“还()”。例如:
—Has he found his watch yet?他还没找到他的表吗?
—No, not yet. , 还没有。
ever 意为“曾经”,常用于疑问句或否定句中,位于助动词和过去分词之间,表示从
过去到目前为止的时间。例如:
Have you ever been there?你曾经去过那里吗?
Nothing has ever happened here. 这里未曾发生过什么事。
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牛津上海版英语八年级上册 时态专项讲解及复习2(有答案).docx

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