专题18-定语从句-备战2022年中考英语一轮复习语法专项练(全国通用版)(解析版)

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专题18-定语从句
备战2022 年中考英语一轮复习语法专项练
一、单项选择
1I’d like to express my thanks to everyone ________ served the community.
Awhich Bwho Cwhere Dwhen
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我想对每一个为社区服务的人表示感谢。考查定语从句。此句是定语
从句,everyone 是指人,在从句中作主语,用关系词who 引导定语从句,故选 B
2I’ll never forget the place ________ we visited together last year.
Awhich Bwhat Cwho Dwhom
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我永远不会忘记我们去年一起去过的那个地方。考查定语从句。which
哪一个;what 什么;who 谁;whom谁,who 的宾语。该句为定语从句,且从句中缺宾
语,先行词 place 指物,故应用关系代词 which,故选 A
3Great changes have taken place here. Everything ________ comes into my eyes is so new
to me.
Athat Bwhich Cwho Dwhom
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这里发生了巨大的变化。我所看到的一切对我来说都是如此的新鲜。
考查定语从句。此处是定语从句,先行词是不定代词 Everything,关系代词在定语从句
中作主语,只能用that。故选 A
4In my opinion, of all the books, this is the only one ______ is well worth reading.
Awho Bthat Cwhom Dwhat
【答案】B
【详解】句意:在我看来,在所有的书中,这是唯一值得一读的。考查定语从句关系
词。根据“of all the books, this is the only one”可知先行词 the only one 指物,先行词用
the only 修饰时,只能用 that 引导限制性定语从句。故选 B
5.—Do you know the boy ________ hand writing won the first in the competition?
—Oh, he is Wang Wei, our monitor.
Awho Bwhose Cwhom Dwhich
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你认识那个在书法比赛中得了第一名的男孩吗?——嗯,他是王
伟,我们的班长。考查定语从句。who 关系代词,指人,作主语;whose 关系代词,
指人或物,作定语;whom 关系代词,指人,作宾语;which关系代词,指物,作主语
或宾语;句子先行词是 boy,根据“handwriting won the first in the competition”可知,
此处指的是“男孩的书法”,应用 whose 作定语,故选 B
6This is the first birthday gift _________ I received. I’ve kept it many years.
Awhich Bthat Cwho Dwhat
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这是我收到的第一份生日礼物。我保存了很多年了。考查定语从句。
which 关系代词,指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;that 关系代词,指人或物,在从句中
作主语或宾语;who 关系代词,指人,在从句中作主语;what 不能引导定语从句;句
子先行词是 gift,指物,而先行词前有序数词修饰,应用 that 引导,故选 B
7.—Have you seen the film The Wandering Earth(流浪地球) ?
—Yes. It's the best one I have ever seen.
Athat Bwhich Cwhat Dit
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你看过《流浪地球》这部电影吗?——这是我看到过的电影中最
好的一部。此句考查定语从句的关联词,that/which 可以引导定语从句,whatit 不能
引导定语从句,首先排除 C,D;先行词是不定代词 one,前面被形容词的最高级 best
饰,引导词只能用 that 不能用 which,故答案为 A。点睛:引导定语从句的关系代词有:
that(指人或物),which(指物),who(指人)。指人时可用 that who,指物时可
that which,但有时只能用 that 不能用 which。常见的情况有下列五种:1. 当先行
词是 all, any, anything, everything, nothing 等不定代词时。例如:Is there anything that I
can do for you? 有什么可以为你做的吗?All that can be done must be done.凡是能做的都
必须做。2. 当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。例如:That is one of the most
interesting books that are sold in the bookshop.那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一 。
The first thing that we should do is to get some food.我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。3.
当先行词有 the only, the very, the same, the last 等修饰时。例如:My necklace is not the
only thing that's missing.我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。4. 当主句以 who which 开头时,
定语从句中引导词用 that,不用 which who。以避免重复。例如:Who is the girl that
is wearing a red coat?正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁?5. )当先行词既有人又有物时,
that 不用 which。例如:The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are
really well known.你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名。
8The book ___ I read last night was fantastic.
Athat Bwhat Cwhose Dwho
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我昨晚读的那本书真是太棒了。此句考查定语从句的关系词。A. that
先行词是人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语;B. what 不能引导定语从句;C. whose 先行
词是人或物,在从句中作定语;D. who 先行词是人,在从句中作主语或宾语。本句的
先行词 book 指物,用 that 来引导,故答案为 A。点睛:在定语从句中,关系代词所代
替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代
词在定语从句中作主语时,从句词的人称和要和先行词保1) who,
whom, that 词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:Is he the
man who/that wants to see you? 是想见你的人吗?(who/that 在从句中作主语)He is the
man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 是我昨见的那个人。(whom/that 在从句中作宾语
)2) whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 指物,它还可以of which 互换),例如:
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都过去
帮忙3) which, that 们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、
宾语等。4)关系词可代替的先行词是时、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作语。
关系when, where, why 含义相"+ which"结构此常常"+
which"结构交使用,例如:Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的
出生地。
9Sweet wormwood(青蒿)is a common plant in China and Tu Youyou is the woman
_________used the special power of the plant to save __________lives.
Awhich, millions of Bwho, millions of
Cwhose, million of Dwho, million of
【答案】B
【详解】句意:青蒿是中常见的一种物,而屠呦呦用这种物的特殊力量拯
百万人生的女人。考查定语从句的关系代词数词语。本句先行词 the woman
是人,关系词在定语从句中做主语,可知使用关系代词 whomillions of:数以
的;故选 B
10.—Do you know the boy over there?
—The one is holding a ball? Oh, that’s my neighbor Phil.
Awhat Bwhich Cwho D.不
【答案】C
专题18-定语从句-备战2022年中考英语一轮复习语法专项练(全国通用版)(解析版).docx

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