《2021学年八年级英语寒假讲义（人教版）》第11讲 语法填空虚词 教师版

3.0 envi 2025-03-24 23 4 59.93KB 13 页 3知币
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第11 讲 语法填空虚词
一、课前热身
There are always lots of 1 (worry) in our life. When I was a teenager, Mom said to me," It's normal 2 ( have)
worries in life. Don’t worry. Wait! One day your luck will change. Then you 3 (solve) your problems.”
4 the age of 21, I graduated (毕业) from a college. One day, I wen o Chicago and knock the door of every radio
station. But they turned me 5 every time. They thought that I didn't have enough 6 (experience). I felt really upset.
I went back home. Mom said to me, "Wait! One day your luck will change. Then she advised me 7 (try) another
radio station in Iowa. I took her advice.
At a small radio station in Iowa, the manager told me that he had someone. As I left his office I asked," Could I do
anything else 8 I can't host a sports program? I waited and then to my surprise he said." Certainly. I worked very
hard at the radio station 9 (slow) the manager found I was carefully and was talented in 10 ( host) programs. At
last, I started my favorite job.
I trust my mother, And I will never forget her words, "Wait! One day your luck will change.
my favorite job. Then you’ll solve your problems.”
【答案】：1. worries 2.to have 3.will solve 4. At 5.down 6. experience 7.to try 8. if 9.slowly 10.hosting
二、知识梳理
【知识梳理 1】冠词
冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面， 帮助指明名词的含义，表示主语 数
量或者特征。冠词可以说是名词的一种标志，它不能离开名词而独立存在。
冠词分为不定冠词“a”和”an”, 定冠词“the”和零冠词三种。零冠词指的是不用冠词的情况。不定冠词表
示泛指，定冠词表示特指。
一、不定冠词的用法:
(1) a 和an 均用在单数名词之前，表示某一类人或事物。例如：
John is a student.
Mary is an English teacher.
名词
形容词
副词
动词
代词
数词
实词
语法
冠词
介词
连词
虚词
(2) 指某一类人或事物中的任何一个。例如:
A steel worker makes steel.
Pass me an apple, please.
(3) 指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。例如：
A student wants to see you.
A girl is waiting for you outside.
(4) 表示“每一”的意思，相当于 every。例如：
Take the medicine three times a day.
They go to see their parents once a week.
(5)表示“一阵，一份，一场，一类”等， 用在某些物质名词和抽象名词前
e.g. There was a heavy rain last night.
(6)组成词组或成语
如all of a sudden 突然，a little / a few / a lot 一些 ，as a rule 通常，as a matter of fact 事实上 have a cold 感冒
了， have a rest 休息一会儿, in a hurry 匆忙 a great many / many a 许多，after a while 一会儿，have a try 试一试
等。
二、定冠词的用法
(1) 特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。例如：
The book on the desk is an English dictionary.
Beijing is the capital of China.
(2) 指说话人和听话人都熟悉的人或事物。例如：
Open the door, please.
Jack is in the library.
(3) 上文提到过的人或事物。例如：
Yesterday John’s father bought him a new bike. The bike cost him 200 yuan.
(4) 表示世界上独一无二的事物。例如：
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
(5) 用在序数词和形容词最高级之前。例如：
Shanghai is the biggest city in China.
January is the first month of the year.
(6) 用在某些形容词之前，表示某一类人或事物。例如：
The nurse is kind to the sick.
We should take good care of the old.
(7) 用在单数可数名词前表示一类人或事物
The tiger is a dangerous animal
(8)在江河，海洋，山脉，群岛，沙漠等专有名词前及 某些普通名词构成的专有名词之前和某些习惯用语中。
例如：
the Great Wall, the Summer palace, in the morning, in the open air 等。
(9) 用在姓氏复数之前，表示“某某一家人”，“某某夫妇”。例如：
the Browns, the whites 等。
(10)用在表示乐器的名词之前。例如：
She plays the piano. 她会弹钢琴。
(11)表示所有，相当于物主代词，用在表示身体部位的名词前。例如：
She caught me by the arm. 她抓住了我的手臂。
(12) 用在惯用语中。例如：
the morning (afternoon, evening) 上午（下午，晚上），in the middle of...在...之中 ，to put the cart before the
horse 本末倒置， to break the ice 打破沉默， to tell the truth 说真话, to go to the doctor's 看病，to go to the
cinema 看电影 in the day 在白天, the day after tomorrow 后天, the day before yesterday 前天,
in the sky （water，field，country)在（水中、田野里、农村）, in the dark 黑暗中, in the rain 在雨中, in the end 最
后, by the way 顺便, go to the theatre 去剧院
【例题精讲】
（一）
1.I sat down beside her and said, "Hello!" Then she, in ______ low voice, said, "Hi." I smiled and she smiled back
shyly.
2. Hundreds of people attended the premiere( 首映) of the film held in____ theater in America, on Monday at night.
Waving Chinese flags in their hands, the audience sang My People, My Country together at the beginning of the
movie.1.
3. Born in Spain, Picasso showed his talent at early age. He first learned painting from his father, who was an art
teacher.
4. ____________creative idea for the fitness buses comes from James Balfour and Giles Dean.
5. Her father, Bert Carson, tells the BBC that Alyssa plans to be on the first long journey to Mars which is expected to
take place in __________ year of 2033.
6. Our trip began in Disneyland. ______ park has many cartoon characters, such as Snow White, Mickey Mouse and
Donald Duck made by Walt Disney, a successful man.
【答案】1. a 2. a 3. an 4. The 5. the 6.the
（二）
1. The book describes _________ brave boy called Harry Potter.
2. After hearing his story, the teacher advised him to use the best paper rather than __________ old newspapers.
3. There was always ________smile on his face while Peter looked serious all the time.
4. What will happen if _______ family without the Internet for a month? One American family decides to find out.

标签： #语法填空

《2021学年八年级英语寒假讲义（人教版）》第11讲 语法填空虚词 教师版.docx

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