专题9.语法填空知识梳理与挖空练

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Energy and persistence conquer all things. 能量和坚持可

以征服一切事情。

语法填空

(一)词性吻合的情况下,结合实际语境、语法规则来确定所填单词的具体形式,得出最终答案。

1.名词

首先要判断一个名词是可数还是不可数。有些名词一词多义,可数与不可数根据词义而定,可数名词要

注意复数的变化规则;有些词单数与复数相同,还要特别注意一些特殊的复数名词的所有格的构成。

2.合成名词

名词+名词:basketball 篮球,bedroom 卧室

形容词+名词:blackboard 黑板,highway 公路

动词+名词:playground 操场

动名词+名词:dining room 餐厅

副词+名词:overcoat 长大衣

动词+副词:break-in 闯入,get-together 聚会

3.派生的名词

(1)前缀 non-　无,没有(表否定):non-smoker 不吸烟的人

(2)后缀

①-er,-or　人,动作者(加在动词后构成名词)

teach 教—teacher 教师

visit 访问—visitor 参观者

invent 发明—inventor 发明者

②-ese,-(ia)n　人,语言(加在国名后构成形容词或名词)

China 中国—Chinese 中国的,中国人的,中国人,汉语

Japan 日本—Japanese 日本的,日本人的,日本人,日语

America 美国—American 美国的,美国人的,美国人

Australia 澳大利亚—Australian 澳大利亚的,澳大利亚人的,澳大利亚人

music 音乐—musician 音乐家

4.代词

代词可分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词和不定代词等。人称代词可分为主格和宾格。

物主代词可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。对于不定代词要注意几点:作主语时,谓语均为单数;

形容词作定语时,形容词要后置;另外 ,还要注意以下不定代词的用

法;some,any,all,both,none,neither,either,other,another,many,much,(a)few,(a)little,one 等。

5.动词

如果需要填入动词,则要考虑动词的时态和语态、不定式和动名词等形式。一定要记住哪些动词后跟不

定式,哪些跟动名词。

6.形容词和副词

要确定单词在句中的作用。形容词一般作定语修饰名词或作表语位于系动词之后 ,而副词一般在句子中

作状语,修饰动词、形容词和副词。两类词都有比较级和最高级。

7.数词

数词分为基数词和序数词。当百、千、百万等数字前有具体数字时,hundred,thousand,million 等不用复

数,如five thousand;无具体数字时,用复数,后面再加 of,如thousands of。另外,英语中分数的表达法也很重要。

(二)若词性不吻合,则要将其转换为正确的形式。如动词转化为分词形式,作形容词。形容词可以转化为

副词。

(三)对于不提供参考词汇的题目,有可能是填冠词、介词、代词、疑问代词、疑问副词和复合句中的引

导词。

一

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号

中词语的正确形式填空（每空不多于 2个单词）。

Mozart is famous as a composer and musician around the world. Mozart was born 1 January 27th, 1756

and he is Austrian. He played the piano at an early age, 2 he? 3 ,of course!He played not only the piano

but 4 the violin. He 5 （give） concerts in many cities and he played music for lots of people there.

Some people 6 （not ） believe that a little boy could write such beautiful music. They asked him 7

（stay） in a room all by himself for a week and somebody watched the room all the time. That was true. He wrote

a perfect piece of music 8 a week alone in that room.

Mozart died when he was still a young man. But his music made other people 9 （happy） for more

than two 10 （hundred） years!

二

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词

语的正确形式填空（每空不多于 2个单词）。

In America when people meet each other for 1 first time, they talk about things like weather, family,

work, school, or sports. They ask questions like “Do you have any brothers 2 sisters?” “Where do you

work?” “What school do you go to?” and “Do you like sports?” They 3 ask questions like “4 do you

come from?” and “Where do you live?” These 5 （be） polite questions, not 6 （person） questions.

But people don’t ask questions 7 a person’s salary（薪水）. They don’t ask how much someone paid

for something. 8 is OK to ask children how old they are, but it is not polite 9 （ask） older people

about their age. People don’t ask unmarried people “Why are you single（单身）?” and they don’t ask a married

couple with no children “Why 10 （not） you have any children?”

It will be good if we remember those rules.

三

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入适当的词或使用括号中词

语的正确形式填空（每空不多于 2个单词）。

I enjoyed my summer vacation last year.

During the vacation, the weather was hot. I1 （do） my homework in the morning. Why?

2 the afternoon was hot. I usually got up 3 6:30 and took a walk in the garden for half

4 hour. After breakfast, I began 5 （read） English and Chinese and did some maths exercises. Those 6

（take） me three hours or more. I worked quite hard7 improved（提高） a lot. I spent the afternoon outside.

I went for a swim and it was cool. I 8 （not） go home until it was about five or six o’clock. Sometimes my

friends came to see me and we spent some hours 9 （listen） to music. In this way, I spent my vacation

happily. And I not only studied well 10 became a good swimmer.

四

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号

中词语的正确形式填空（每空不多于 2个单词）。

Do you know Lei Feng? He was a model soldier in 1 1960s in China. He is a 2

（really） hero in our hearts.

Lei Feng was born in a poor farmer family3 18th December, 1940. After his parents died, the Party

（党） looked after him like a mother. He didn’t go to school 4 1950. At the 5 of twenty, he joined the

army.

He was a 6 （success） soldier. He was always ready 7 （help） others. He didn’t marry anyone

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