中考英语语法知识点归纳之复合句讲解

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中考英语语法知识点归纳之复合句(含练习和解析)
一、宾语从句
含义：在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句.
1. 引导词：
1）宾语从句中陈述句的引导词用 that(可省略)，例如 He tells me that he is going
shopping this Sunday.
2）引导一般疑问句用 if\whether,例如 She asked me if\whether she could join
us. 但是以下情况只能用 whether,例如①当后面加带 to 的不定式时 She doesn’t know
whether to go to the zoo. ②与 or not 连用时，I‘m not sure whether or not he
will come on time.
3）引导特殊疑问句，要用原来的特殊疑问词，且引导词要在句中充当对应的成分，
不能省略，例如 She asked them what they were doing.
2. 语序：引导词+陈述句语序。例如：I want to know when the train left.
3. 时态：
1）主句为一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句，宾语从句可根据实际需要选择各种时态。
如：He tells us that he has been able to look after himself.
2) 主句为一般过去时，宾语从句应使用过去时的相应时态。
如：They said that they had already finished the work.
3) 如果宾语从句叙述的是客观事实，真理，自然现象等，不管主句用什么时态，从句
都用一般现在时。
4. 否定转移：
当主句的主语为第一人称时，从句的否定要转移到主句中，其反义疑问句要与从句一
致。
例如：
I don’t think they will wait to the last minute.
I don’t believe he did this, did he?
1
宾语从句练习题
1. -Hello, Jack. Haven't, seen you for long. I am calling to check _________ you
are.
　　- Very well. I'm glad you called.
　　A. how B. what C .where D. who
答案：选 A,依句意是问候 how are you
　　2. - Can you guess _________the new Nike sports shoes?
　　-Yes. Maybe he asked his grandpa to pay for them, I think.
　　A. how he paid for B. where lie bought
　　C. when he paid for D. why he bought
答案：选 A,依句意是问新鞋子如何付款，所以用 how pay
　　3. - Can you tell me _______?
　　- He is in the library.
　　A, where was Jack B. where Jack was
　　C, where is Jack D. where Jack is
答案：选 D,时态与回答一致，一般现在时，且宾语从句语序为陈述语序
4. -Can you tell me ________?
　　- With Lucy's help.
　　A. when you did it so well B. when did you do it so well
　　C. how you did it so well D. how did you do it so well
答案：选 C,,依句意是问方式，所以要用 how, 且宾语从句语序为陈述语序
　　5. - Could you tell me ________?
　　- Of course.
　　A. where's there a good place to eat B. where there's a good place to eat
　　C. where is a good place to eat D. where a good place to eat
答案：选 B,宾语从句语序为陈述语序
　　6. - Excuse me. could you tell me ______?
　　-In the supermarket.
　　A. where 1 can buy this kind of CD player B. where can I buy this kind of CD
player
　　C. if I can buy this kind of CD player D. if can I buy this kind of CD player
答案：选 A,句意为问在哪里买，要用 where,且宾语从句语序为陈述语序
7. The math problem is so hard. I really don't know_____.
　　A. how to do it B. how to do C. what to do it
答案：选 A,句意为不知道如何做这道题,，用 how。
　 8. These animals are in danger. We should think ________ to protect them.
　　A. what can we do B. what we can do
C. how can we do D. how we can do
答案：选 B,句意为我们要做些事情来保护这些动物，正确语序为 we can do what to ...
　9. -Have you got any idea for the summer vacation?
　　-I don't mind . It will be OK if there is sun, sea and beach.
　　A. where do we go B. where we go C. when we go
答案：选 B,回答”有太阳，海洋和沙滩的话会很好”，所以是问地点，宾语从句后面用陈
2
述句。
10. Have you decided ________for Australia?
A. when will you leave B. when do you leave
C. you will leave when D. when you will leave
答案：选 D，宾语从句是引导词+陈述句。
11. I think _______ you will like him.
A. that B. if C. why D. how
答案：选 A，这里是肯定句，think 后接 that 表示“认为”
12. I didn’t know _______ he will come or not.
A. that B. whether C. weather D. how
答案：选 B，固定结构“whether or not”注意 B 和 C 的区别，C 表示天气
13. I wonder _________ .
A. how much cost these shoes B. how much do these shoes cost
C.how much these shoes cost D. how much are these shoes cost
答案：选 C，宾语从句后接陈述句语序
14. She asked me _________ .
A. who he was B. who was he C. who is he D. who he is
答案：选 A，考察时态，当主句为一般过去时，从句为过去的某种时态
15. The doctor asked me how long ________ .
A. was I ill B. have I been ill C. I have been ill D. I had been ill
答案：选 D，考察时态，当主句为一般过去时，从句为过去的某种时态
二、定语从句
含义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
1. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。如：The girl who is beautiful is Kate.
(句子主句是 The girl is Kate，绿色部分就是定语从句，用来修饰 girl，所以 girl 就是先
行词，)
2. 关系词：引导定语从句且在定语从句中充当句子成分的词。 如上述句子中的 who 就是
关系词。
一般有关系代词和关系副词。
1) 关系代词：先行词指人或物时，关系代词一般有 who, whom, whose, which, that。
The teacher who is standing there is my brother. (指人，作主语)
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. (指人，作宾语)
The insect which scared her was dangerous. (指物，作主语)
The little girl whose mother is a nurse cries. (指人，作定语)
The bread whose price is very high tastes great. (指物，作主语)
2) 关系副词: 先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。关系副词一般有
3
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作者：envi 分类：初中 价格：3知币 属性：7 页 大小：79.5KB 格式：DOC 时间：2025-03-28

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