秘籍12 阅读理解（一）-2021年中考英语抢分秘籍（原卷版）

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秘笈 12 阅读理解（一）
考向 1 阅读理解之记叙文
一、材料特点
人物故事类的阅读理解是中考英语的常考材料之一。这类文章一般可分为人物传记和短篇故事两类。
1. 人物传记主要涉及某人的生平事迹、趣闻轶事、生活背景、个性特征、成长和奋斗历程等，其特点
是以时间的先后或事件的发展为主线，脉络清楚，可读性较强。
2. 短篇故事与人物传记不同的是，这类文章一般描述的是某一件具体事情的发生发展或结局，有人物、
时间、地点和事件。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的态度及意图、故事前因和后
果的推测等方面着手，考查考生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。
考向 2 阅读理解之说明文
＂英语说明文＂，顾名思义，就是一种以＂说明、解释＂为主要表达方式的英语文体。它是对客观事
物的性状、特点、功能和用途等作科学解说的。它既不像故事那样重在情节的叙述和描写，也不像议论文
那样，重在阐明主张和论点论据；更不像科幻作品那样富于想象和虚构夸张。说明文是通过解说事物、阐
明事理，使人们增长知识和技能。说明文是高考英语阅读理解题中的重点内容之一。说明文具有与自己特
点相适应的说明方法，因此说明文结构复杂，专业术语多，易于拉开考生分数档次，便于高校分层次选拔
人才。然而对于考生来说说明文抽象度高，解题难度大。高考对说明文的考查多为科普知识，动植物特性、
自然现象和新产品、新工艺介绍以及人文地理、风土人情等方面的说明文，文中解释性、定义性、说明性
的句子居多。因此考生要掌握说明文的命题特点，叙述方式，以冷静的心态阅读原文，重点突破长句结构
特点和逻辑关系，以便对其做出准确的语意理解。
说明文阅读理解的特征
一般说来，英语说明文与其他文体一样，文章所涉及的内容不外乎以下几个方面，即 who → what →
when → where → how → why。
1. who：问的是这篇文章的主体是谁？（即所要说明和描述的人或事物）
2. what：问的是主体做了什么事情？（即主体表现出的特性、功能和用途）
3. when 和where：是在何时何地发生的？（即何时何地所表现出的特性、功能和用途）
4. how：通过什么方式表现出来的？
5. why：这种特性功能用途的原因是什么？
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做说明文阅读理解题的时候，一定要记住上面的 wh-word。边阅读，边搜记，牢记要点，把握全文。
1．忌不带问题盲目读文章。做阅读理解题前，为了提高效率，应该先把文章后面的题目浏览一遍，然后
带着这些问题进行阅读。边阅读边选出能一眼看出的答案，从而提高阅读效果。
2．忌草率选择答案。英语阅读题的选项中，常常会出现容易迷惑考生的干扰性强的选项，如果在发现一
个看似正确答案时就草率定案，往往会掉进“陷阱”，从而丢分。我们应当对所给四个备选答案进行分析
比较，对照文章内容，去伪存真，方可选出正确答案。
1. 阅读人物传记类文章时应该抓住时间线索来获取有关信息，即主人翁在某个时间做过什么，然后通
过分析推理、综合归纳的方法进行解题。
2. 阅读短篇故事类材料时，同学们一定要根据主要情节掌握文章主旨大意，同时抓住每一个细节，设
身处地地根据文章内容揣摩作者的态度和意图，根据情节展开想象，这样的话即使是深层理解题也可迎刃
而解。
A
【2020·扬州市梅岭中学九年级期中】
I had a very special teacher in high school many years ago whose husband unexpectedly died of a heart attack.
About a week after his death, she shared some of her thoughts with a classroom of students.
As the late afternoon sunlight came in through the classroom windows and the class was nearly over, she
moved a few things aside on her desk and sat down there. With a gentle look of reflection ( 沉思) on her face, she
said, “Before class is over, I would like to share with all of you a thought that has nothing to do with our class
today, but I think it is very important. Each of us is put here on earth to learn, share, love and enjoy. None of us
knows when this fantastic experience will end. It can be taken away at any moment.”
2
Her eyes beginning to water, she went on: “So I would like you all to make me a promise. From now on, on
your way to school, or on your way home, find something beautiful to notice. It doesn’t have to be something you
see, it could be a scent— perhaps of newly baked bread coming out of someone’s kitchen, or it could be the sound
of the soft wind slightly touching the leaves in the trees ...”
The class was completely quiet. We all picked up our books and went out of the room one by one silently. That
afternoon, I noticed more things on my way home from school than I had in a whole term.
Take notice of something special on your lunch hour today. Go barefoot (赤脚) or walk on the beach at sunset.
For as we get older, it is not the things we did that we often regret, but the things we didn’t do.
1．The teacher shared some of her thoughts with a classroom of students ______.
A．in the early afternoon
B．at the beginning of the class
C．near the end of the class
D．a week before her husband’s death
2．In this class, the teacher asked the students to ______.
A．go barefoot or walk on the beach at sunset
B．pick up our books and go out of the room
C．take notice of something special on their lunch hour
D．notice something beautiful on their way home or to school
3．The students went out of the room silently because ______.
A．they were thinking about their own life
B．they were greatly impressed by the teacher’s words
C．they felt sorry for the death of the teacher’s husband
D．they were not allowed to make any noise at that time
4．What is the purpose of the writer in writing the passage?______
A．To show the respect for the teacher.
B．To show the teacher’s new way of teaching.
C．To tell us to enjoy every moment of our life.
D．To tell us never to give up when facing difficulty.
B
【2020·许昌市第一中学九年级其他模拟】
In 2017, Bob Charland was diagnosed (诊断) with a brain cancer. The doctor said there was nothing they could do
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秘籍12 阅读理解（一）-2021年中考英语抢分秘籍（原卷版）.doc

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作者：envi 分类：初中 价格：3知币 属性：15 页 大小：654.94KB 格式：DOC 时间：2025-04-02

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