考点10 祈使句与感叹句-备战2023年中考英语一轮复习考点帮(上海专用)(解析版)

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考点 10 祈使句与感叹句
(一)祈使句是用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。当
语是第二人称,通常省略。
(二)感叹句是表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子,句末通常用感叹号,读时一般用
调。
考向一、祈使句
(一)祈使句的定义
用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。当主语是第二人
称,通常省略。
(二)祈使句的类型和结构
类型 肯定结构 否定结构
Do 动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分
Keep off the grass.
句首+don't
Don’t forget me.
Be Be +(名词或形容词)+其它
成分
Be careful.
句首+don't
Don’t be late for school.
Let Let + + 词原+ 其它
成分
Let me help you.
Don't + let +宾语++
Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 +
成分
Don't let him go.
Let him not go.
No No+名词/动名词
No smoking.
(三)祈使句的重点句型
1. “祈使句+and+表结果的陈述句”用来叙述肯定的条件。
2. “祈使句+or+表结果的陈述句”用来叙述否定的条件,or 表示“否则;要不然”。
Hurry up, and you’ll catch the train. (=If you hurry up, you’ll catch the train.)
Hurry up, or you’ll miss the train. (=If you don’t hurry up, you’ll miss the train.)
3. 使ask/request/tell/order
sb(not)to do sth.”。如:
“Speak loudly
please!” the teacher said to me
(=The teacher asked me to speak
loudly
)
“Don’t smoke in the meeting room!” he said to Tom
(=He told Tom not to smoke in the
meeting room
)
1.(2021·上海奉贤·一模)Jerry, to form a mind picture if you want to remember the
long word.
Atries Btrying Ctry Dto try
1C
【详解】句意:杰瑞,如果你想记住长单词,试着形成一幅思维图。
考查祈使句。tries 动词三单;trying 动名词/现在分词;try 动词原形;to try 动词不定式。
分析句子可知,此处是表示肯定的祈使句,所以用动词原形即可,故选 C
考向二、感叹句
(一)感叹句的定义
感叹句是表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子,句末通常用感叹号,读时一般用降调
(二)感叹句的常见类型
类型 结构 例句
what
What + a/an
语+谓语
What a clever girl she is!
What an interesting book
it is!
What
What beautiful flowers!
What good children they
are!
What +形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语
What fine weather it is
today!
What important news it
is!
how
How +形容词 / 副词+主语+谓语
How careful she is!
How fast he runs!
How +形容词+ a/an +可数名词单数+主
语+谓语
How beautiful a girl she
is!
How +主语+谓语
How time flies!
(三)陈述句转感叹句:“一断·二加·三换位”
This is a beautiful flower·
This flower is beautiful
“一断”:在谓语动词后将此句划断。
This isa beautiful flower
This flower isbeautiful
“二加”:在第二部分前加 “What How”;中心词为名词时加“What”,是形容词
副词加“How”
What a beautiful flower…
How beautiful…
“三换位”:将第一部分与第二部分对换位置。
What a beautiful flower this is
How beautiful this flower is
请将以下陈述句变成感叹句。
It’s an interesting film.
It’s wonderful weather.
He did the work carefully.
Time passed quickly.
1.(2022·上海·模拟预测)—Look! The plants are green and the flowers are opening.
Yes, it’s spring now. ________ nice season!
AWhat BWhat a CWhat an DHow
1B
【详解】句意:——看!植物是绿色的,花朵正在开放。——是的,现在是春天。多
好的一个季节啊!
考查感叹句。根据“nice season!”可知,此处是感叹句,中心词 season 是可数名词单数
形式,所以用 what 引导感叹句,其结构是“What+a/an+形容词+名词单数”,nice
字母发音是辅音音素,用不定冠词 a。故选 B
1.(2021·上海金山·八年级期末)Download this app, ________ you will find it easy to
learn cooking.
Aor Bso Cand Dbut
2.(2022·上海·模拟预测)Don’t be afraid to make mistakes, ________ you’ll never really
learn the language.
Aand Bor Cso Dbut
3.(2022·上海奉贤·二模)_______ terrible it is that the price of oil has risen to over
考点10 祈使句与感叹句-备战2023年中考英语一轮复习考点帮(上海专用)(解析版).docx

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