突破04 数词-2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识专项突破(通用版)

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2023 年中考英语一轮复习语法知识专项突破(通用版)04
数词
【知识突破】
1、分类：数词有基数词和序数词两种。英语的数词可以作句子的主语、宾语、表语和定语。
2、基数词：表示数目的词叫基数词。
英语中常用的基数词有：
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
one
two
three
four
five
six
seven
eight
nine
ten
eleven
twelve
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
thirteen
fourteen
fifteen
sixteen
seventeen
eighteen
nineteen
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
twenty
thirty
forty
fifty
sixty
seventy
eighty
ninety
one(a) hundred
23
35
101
twenty-three
thirty-five
one hundred and one
1000→one(a) thousand,10000→ ten thousand,100000→one hundred thousand ,1000000→one
million,10000000→ten million, 100000000→one hundred million,
108→one hundred and eight, 146→one hundred and forty-six, 500→five hundred , 1001→one
thousand and one, 1813→one thousand eight hundred and thirteen.
[注]：(1)百位与十位之间要加 and；十万位和万位,亿位和千万位之间通常也要加 and。
(2)英语用千、百万等单位计数,大数字从右向左看, 每隔三位划一逗号,倒数第一个逗号之前要用
thousand,倒数第二个逗号之前要用 million,倒数第三的逗号之前要用 billion 表示。
(3) hundred
、
thousand
、
million 作数词时,不用复数,前面可以加上 one, two, …等其它数词。
用作名词时复数表示“成…上…”,后面必须要有 of,前面可以加上 some,many,several 等词。
如：five hundred(五百), hundreds of(成百上千的), ten thousand(一万), thousands of(成千上
万的), millions of(成百万的)
3、序数词：表示顺序的数词叫序数词。
英语的序数词基本变法：
(1) 一般在基数词后加 th,(2)-ve 结尾的改为-fth,(3)-ty 结尾的改为-tieth,(4)熟记特殊词。
序数词如下：
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
7th
8th
9th
10th
11th
12th
first
second
third
fourth
fifth
sixth
seventh
eighth
ninth
tenth
eleventh
twelfth
13th
14th
15th
16th
17th
18th
19th
thirteenth
fourteenth
fifteenth
sixteenth
seventeent
h
eighteenth
nineteenth
20th
30th
40th
50th
60th
70th
80th
90th
100th
twentieth
thirtieth
fortieth
fiftieth
sixtieth
seventieth
eightieth
ninetieth
one
undredth
21st
22nd
23rd
35th
101st
twenty-first
twenty-second
twenty-third
thirty-fifth
one hundred and
first
1000th→one thousandth, 1000000th →one millionth., 第703→the seven hundred and third,
第5480→the five thousand four hundred and eightieth.
3、注：(1)两位以上的序数词仅个位数部分用序数词,其余部分仍用基数词。如：thirty-sixth,
(2) 使用序数词时一般加定冠词 the. 如：I’m in the third grade.
(3) 序数词作“几分之几”讲时,有复数形式。如：1/5→one fifth ; 2/3→ two thirds ; 4/7→ four
sevenths ; 1/2→ a half ; 1/4→a quarter ; 3/4→ three quarters ; 50%→ fifty hundredths ( fifty
per cent).
4、数词的用法：
（1）表示年份：2002: twenty thousand and two ; 1976 : nineteen seventy-six.
（2）表示日期： 12 月1日: Dec.1st 或the first of December；2002 年11 月8日: Nov. 8th, 2002.
（3）表示时刻： 5
：
15→ five fifteen 或a quarter past five ; 8
：
30→ eight thirty 或half past eight ; 10
：
45→ ten forty-five 或a quarter to eleven.
（4）表示编号：Room 105→Room one 0 five; Bus No.13→Bus Number Thirteen; P.5→Page Five;
Tel.No.7658659→Telephone Number seven-six-five-eight-six-five-nine
（5）小数的读法：5.7→ five point seven, 0.16 →zero point one six.
（6）“半”的表达： 1/2→half, 半小时→half an hour, 1.5 小时→one and a half hours 或one hour and a
half.
（7）序数词前面加 the 时,表示顺序,加a/an 时表示“再一、又一”。
如：The third lesson is rather difficult.(第三课相当难)/ Shall we read the text a third time?(我们把课
文读第三遍,好吗？)
【能力过关】
1. —Barry, let’s go to school!
—Today is ________. We don’t need to go to school.
A. Monday B. Saturday C. Friday D. Wednesday
2. September 5th should be read(被读作) ________.
A. September five B. September the five
C. September fifth D. September the fifth
3. His little brother is ________.
A. five years old B. five-year-old C. five-year D. five years
4. The boy is only ________ and today is his ________ birthday.
A. nine; nine B. ninth; nine C. nine; ninth D. ninth; ninth
5. —Do you know the boys and girls over there?
—Yes. They are my classmates. We’re in ________.
A. class 3, grade 7 B. Grade 7, Class 3 C. grade 7, class 3 D. Class 3, Grade 7
6. Seven and two _________.
A. is nine B. are nine C. is five D. are five
7. Her new dress is two ________.
A. hundreds yuan B. hundreds yuans C. hundred yuan D. hundred yuans
8. We will plant__________trees this year.
A. two hundreds B. two hundred of C. two hundred D. two hundreds of
9. They go to school at ________ (a quarter past seven) in the morning.
A. 6:45 B. 7:15 C. 6:15 D. 7:45
突破04 数词-2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识专项突破(通用版).docx

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