Unit 1单元易错综合练习-2022-2023学年高二英语选择性必修第一册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版2019）

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Unit 1 单元易错综合练习
（考试时间：120 分钟 试卷满分：150 分）
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准
考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，
用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共 30 分，略）
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Amazing Scientists Who Happen to Be Teenagers
We’ve got a list of teen scientists from a variety of fields.
Jack Andraka
Jack Andraka created a biological sensor for testing cancer at an early stage. He says that the paper sensor is
168 times faster, 26,667 times less expensive and 400 times more sensitive than technology nowadays.
He’s the youngest person to have spoken in front of the Royal Society of Medicine.
Taylor Wilson
Taylor Wilson was the youngest person to achieve nuclear fusion (核聚变). He was inspired by The
Radioactive Boy Scout, a novel in which a kid tries and fails to build a nuclear reactor.
Taylor thought he could do better. Long story short, he wanted to build a small nuclear reactor. And he did it
at the age of fourteen. He received a Thiel Fellowship, which gave him $100,000 to work on his own research.
Sara Volz
Sara Volz performed experiments in which she grew algae (藻类) based on their oil output for the purpose of
growing them as biofuel. This research is especially important as the world continues to search for a way to
reduce our dependence on non-renewable energy. She won the top prize of $100,000 in the Intel Science Talent
Search.
Daniel Burd
Plastic usually takes thousands of years to decompose (分解), but this high school student Daniel Burd
managed to do it in three months. In an experiment, he mixed plastic bags and a special kind of dirt together, and
found that they did decompose faster. He then performed tests to find the bacteria (细菌) responsible for
decomposing the plastics.
His solution only produces water and small amounts of carbon dioxide. He says it could easily be used
elsewhere.
1．Who invented a medical instrument?
A．Jack Andraka. B．Taylor Wilson. C．Sara Volz. D．Daniel Burd.
2．What excited Taylor Wilson’s interest in his invention?
A．A travel program. B．Plastic pollution. C．Energy shortage. D．A story book.
3．What do we know about Daniel Burd’s invention?
A．It is made from plastics. B．It does little harm to the environment.
C．It was completed in three months. D．It is widely used in everyday waste.
B
The next time you have cheese loudly, remember the French scientist Louis Pasteur who discovered that bad
milk, and many diseases are caused by bacteria (细菌).
Louis Pasteur is known as the father of microbiology. In his lifetime, he not only proved that bacteria are the
cause of diseases, but also discovered the process of vaccination (接种疫苗), which has saved billions of lives.
When Pasteur worked with chickens that were suffering from cholera during his experiments, he accidentally
spread cholera to his chickens. Pasteur’s chickens became mildly sick but did not die. This was strange as every
chicken that came near cholera earlier had died. He realized soon that the cholera had become weak. By the time
he tried again, the chickens he had cured earlier did not get cholera anymore. He realized that a weak cholera
helped, his chickens develop an antibody against it.
Later, Pasteur went on to try this on cows, pigs and dogs. All his research helped him develop different
vaccines. We now know that the process of vaccination introduces a weakened kind of bacteria into our body. Our
body reacts by creating antibodies to fight the bacteria. Now, when our body come across the same bacteria which
are much stronger, it can fight them off.
Louis Pasteur received numerous awards for the advancement of biology, chemistry, and medicine. He
founded the Pasteur Institute to study diseases. It was the first university, to teach microbiology and today there
are 32 institutes across 29 countries. For every child vaccinated against a deadly disease, we have Louis Pasteur to
thank.
4．What do we know about Louis Pasteur?
A．His discoveries weren’t used at his time.
B．He was a professor at the Pasteur Institute.
C．His discoveries brought many profits and awards to him.
D．He discovered the connection between bacteria and diseases.
5．What can we learn from his experiment with chickens?
A．Cholera was not a deadly disease then.
B．Pasteur spread cholera to chickens on purpose.
C．All chickens suffered from cholera died at last.
D．The weakened cholera couldn’t kill the living creatures.
6．What is the function of the process of vaccination?
A．It builds up people’s body. B．Without it, people will die.
C．It improves people’s ability to avoid diseases.D．It can kill all the diseases and make the sick healthy.
7．What is the purpose of the article?
A．To show the discoveries of the vaccination.
B．To call on children to learn from Louis Pasteur.
C．To introduce an important invention in microbiology.
D．To honour Louis Pasteur and his contribution to the world.
C
Charles Darwin was born into a family of thinkers. His father was a Fellow of the Royal Society（the elite
circle of top British scientists），his mother was the daughter of Josiah Wedgwood，the man who founded the
famous Wedgwood Potteries，and his grandfather，Erasmus Darwin，was a famous physician，thinker and
philosopher who，like his grandson，spent much time studying the evolution of life.
After a childhood in the town of Shrewsbury，where he was educated at the Grammar School，Darwin
went up to Edinburgh University to study medicine and natural history. When he was eighteen，he left Edinburgh
and went to Cambridge University，planning to enter the church，but he was more interested in science than in
religion and later he abandoned theology.
Shortly after graduating from Cambridge，he got a job as a naturalist on the ship H. M. S. Beagle，which
was about to start on a scientific and cartographic（地图的）survey of the South American coast. The journey
started in December 1831 and was to last almost five years，during which time he collected considerable
documentation.
Darwin was struck by the animals of the south seas，particularly by the tortoises he found on the Galapagos
Islands，a group of Pacific Islands. The Galapagos tortoises，Darwin observed，differed from island to
island，and this，he inferred，showed different forms of evolution，since the animals obviously came from the
same origins. Darwin was also struck by the iguanas（蜥蜴）he found，and observed that those which lived in
water had heads suitable for finding food among stones，while those that lived on land had a sharper head，more
fit for a herbivorous（食草的）animal.
Unit 1单元易错综合练习-2022-2023学年高二英语选择性必修第一册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版2019）.docx

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