《2022届高考英语复习精讲与精练》（学生版）11第十一章情态动词与虚拟语气精讲与精练

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第十一章情态动词与虚拟语气精讲与精练

一、情态动词与虚拟语气讲前练：用所给单词的适当形式填空

Tom: Hi,Mr.Smith.[1] 　 you give me a hand?

Mr.Smith: Of course. You [2]　　 hesitate to ask me for help. What’s the matter with you?

Tom: My mum is always complaining about my going back home late after school.

Mr.Smith: What do you usually do after school?

Tom: I usually go to the playground to play basketball. But I know that I [3] 　　 go home

first.

Mr.Smith: Why don’t you go home directly?

Tom: My mother usually says,“Every student [4]　　 do their homework first after school,

and that is a rule for all of you students.”You see, if I [5]　　 (do)my homework first now, I

couldn’t have a rest and relax. I am so tired.

Mr.Smith:Both you and your mum are reasonable. As a mother, she believes that you [6]

never work too hard, while you think you need some time to have a rest. Does your mother know

what you think?

Tom: No. Even if I [7]　　 (tell)her before, she wouldn’t have understood it.

Mr.Smith: I don’t think you are right. I think you should tell your mother what you think and she

would understand you. Besides, you had better not hide your feelings from your mother and you

[8]　　 as well learn to communicate with her.

Tom: Thank you for your advice. It is high time I [9]　　 (talk)with her.

Mr.Smith: I [10]　　 agree more.

二、情态动词考点精讲：

情态动词考点 1、常考的情态动词

类情态动词含义用法例句

推

测

must 一定、肯

定

只用于肯定句 You’re Tom’s good friend, so you must

know what he likes best.

can/could 可能、也

许

用于否定句和问句，can’t/

couldn’t 表“不可能”

It can’t be Mr Li, for he has gone to

America.

may/might 可能、也

许

用于肯定句和否定句，may

not/might not 表“可能不”

Your mother may /might not know the

truth.

能can/could 能够 can 只有现在和过去时 Mary can speak three languages.

力

be able to 能够

be able to 有更多的形式(如：

will be able to, have been ble to

)。当成功地完成某一具体动

作时，不用 could 而用 was/we

re able to。这时 was/were able

to 相当于 managed to，表示经

过一番努力，终于能够完成

某事。

He was able to go to the party yesterday

evening in spite of the heavy rain

许

可

can/could 可以 ①问句中用 could/might 更显

客气和委婉。②肯定回答一

般用 can,显得语气肯定干脆。

--Could I come to see you tomorrow?

-- Yes, you can. (No, I’m afraid not. )

may/might 可以 May I come in?

必

要

must 必须

表主观要求，注意 must 提起

的一般疑问句的肯定回答和

否定回答的不同，见例句。

--Must we hand in our exercise books

today?

-- Yes, you must./ No, you don’t have to /

you needn’t.

have to 不得不表客观需求 It is raining heavily,so we have to stay at

home.

ought to 应该与should 用法同 Yong people should show respect for the

old.

should 应该 shouldn’t/oughtn’t to 不应该 You are his father and ought to take care of

him.

其

他

need 需要 1）用作实义动词后接 to do

2）用作情态动词后接 do，

只用于否定句和问句

You don’t need to do it yourself.

dare 敢She dare not go out alone at night.

情

态

动

词

完

成

时

态

情态动词含义例句

must have done 肯定做过/发生过 It must have rained last night,for the ground

is wet.

can’t/couldn’t have done 不可能做过某事 Mr. Smith can't have gone to Beijing,for I

saw him in the library just now.

may/might have done 可能已经..... You might have read about it in the papers

could have done 本来可以.....，本来能够 I could have arrived on time,but I was held

up by the traffic jam.

Should have done 本应该做..... You should have finished the task

yesterday.

ought to have done 本应该做.....

needn’t have done 本没有必要做某事但又做了 I needn't have bought so much wine—only

five people came.

句

型

can not/never.....too 无论怎么.....也不过分

越.....越好

While crossing the street, you can never be

too careful.

Can not.....enough

情态动词考点 2、情态动词后必须接动词原形，在语法填空中，如果空格在主语和动词原

形之间，那么可能要填情态动词。（也可能填 do 和will,shall 的适当形式）例如：

1.What is acceptable in one country [1] be considered extremely rude in another.

2.He had no time or energy to play with his children or talk with his wife, but he [2]______ bring

home a regular salary.

考点对练 1 单项填空【虽然许多地区不考词题型，但依旧是掌握知识的很好的训练方式】

1．【2020·天津卷单项填空】Jim says we ______ stay in his house as long as we leave it clean

and tidy .

A．must B．can C．need D．should

2．【2020·天津卷单项填空】You ____________ have scolded him for his poor performance.

After all, he had done his best.

A．must B．should C．mustn’t D．shouldn't

3.【2018·北京】In today’s information age, the loss of data _________ cause serious problems

for a company.

A. need B. should C. can D. must

4.【2017·北京卷】Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ______ easily reach the books on the top

shelf.

A. must B. should C. can D. need

三、虚拟语气考点精讲：

虚拟语气考点 1、非真实条件句中的虚拟语气

类别用法例句

If 引导

的条件

从句

与现在事

实相反

从句动词：过去式（be 用were）

主句动词：should/would/could/

might+do

If he were here, he would help us.

与过去事

实相反

从句动词：had+done

主句动词：should/would/could/

might+have+done

If I had been free,I would have visited

you.

与将来事

实相反

从句动词：

过去式/should+do/were to +do

主句动词：

should/would/could/might+do

If it should rain tomorrow, we would not

go camping.

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