《2022届高考英语复习精讲与精练》（教师版）第七章动词时态与语态精讲与精练

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第七章动词时态与语态精讲与精练

一、动词时态与语态讲前练：用所给单词的适当形式或用适当的单词（1 个）填空

I [1]_______ (have) dinner at a restaurant when Tony Steele came in. Tony [2]______ (work)

in a lawyer's office years ago, but he [3]________ (work) at a bank now. He [4]______ (get) a

good salary, but he always [5]_______ (borrow) money from his friends and never [6]______

(pay) it back. Tony [7]_____ (see) me and [8]_______ (sit) at the same table. He [9]___ never

[10]__________ (borrow) money from me. While he [11]___________ (eat), I asked him to lend

me twenty pounds. To my surprise, he [12]_____ (give) me the money immediately. 'I have never

borrowed any money from you,' Tony said, 'so now you can pay for my dinner!'

讲前练小结：1）有关时态的试题要重点关注时间状语、上下文体现的时间关系和句型中的

时态问题，2）牢记不规则动词的变化。

Keys:1. was having 2. worked 3. is working 4.gets 5. borrows 6. pays 7. saw 8.. sat

9. has 10. borrowed 11. was eating 12. gave

二、动词时态与语态考点精讲：

动词时态与语态考点 1、主要的时态的形式及含义

考点对练 1:用所给动词的适当形式填空

10 种时态主动语态构成

(以 do 为例)

被动语态构成

(以 do 为例) 主要用法

一般现在时do/does is/am/are done 经常性或习惯性动作，客观事实，现在

的状态

一般过去时did was/were done 在过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在

的状态

一般将来时will/shall do will/shall be done 在将来某一时刻要发生的动作或存在的

状态

过去将来时would do would be done 在过去某一时刻看来将要发生的动作或

存在的状态

现在进行时am/is/are doing am/is/are being done 表示现在或现阶段正在发生的动作

过去进行时was/were doing was/were being done 表示在过去某一时间内正在进行的动作

将来进行时will/shall be doing 表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作

现在完成时have/has done have/has been done

表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，

其结果的影响现在还存在；也可表示持

续到现在的动作或状态

过去完成时had done had been done 表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发

生或完成的动词，即“过去的过去”

现在完成进

行时 have/has been doing 表示一个从过去就开始一直延续到现在

并有可能继续下去的动作

1. 【2021·浙江高考卷】It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac,

but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, 36 （prove）irresistible to visitors since

it opened to the public.

Key:has proved/has proven 句意：它不像乔治华盛顿在波托马克河畔的种植园那样给人留

下深刻印象，但林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的家，自从向公众开放以来，就被

证明对游客来说是不可抗拒的。分析句子成分可知，设空处作谓语动词，Lincoln’s home in

downtown Springfield Illinois 作主语；结合句意及设空处后的时间状语从句 since it opened to

the public 可知，此处指过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，符合现在完成时概念，故设空

处用现在完成时；现在完成时结构是 has/have +过去分词；主语 Lincoln’s home in downtown

Springfield Illinois 是第三人称单数，所以助动词用 has，提示词 prove 的过去分词形式是

proved 或proven。故填 has proved/ has proven。

2.【2017·江苏卷改编】27. He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he

__________（follow）.Key: was being followed

3.【2017·北京卷改编】33. People________ (has)better access to health care than they used to,

and they’re living longer as a result. Key:have

4.【2017·北京卷改编】29. In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home,

and wireless phones ___________________ (not invent)yet. Key：hadn’t been invented

5.【2016·北京改编】23. —Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for?

—The new Star Wars. We _______________ (wait) here for more than two hours.

Key:have been waiting

6.【2016·北京改编】25. I ________(read) half of the English novel, and I’ll try to finish it at the

weekend. Key: have read

7.【2016·北京改编】30. The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts

______________ (reward) with success in the end. Key:will be rewarded

8.【2015·重庆改编】1. —Is Peter coming?

—No, he_____________ (change) his mind after a phone call at the last minute. Key: changed

动词时态与语态考点 2、常考的含时态的句型

1、was /were about to do….when…正要做某事…这时突然…

2、was/were doing….when…. 正在做某事…这时突然…

3、had done….when….. 刚做完某事…这时突然…

4、was/were on the point of doing ….when…. 正要做某事…这时突然…..

5、had hardly done ....when....did= had no sooner done.....than....did...一......就.....

6、It [This] is the first time＋that-结构中，that-从句通常用现在完成时

EG:It is the second time that I have visited Africa.

7、It [This] is the 最高级+名词＋that-结构中，that-从句通常用现在完成时

EG：This is the most delicious food that I have eaten.

8、plan, hope, intend, want, mean 等表示计划、准备、安排等的动词，它们的过去完成时态

表示未曾实现的过去愿望。I had planned to attend the lecture, but I forgot it.

9、… ago 用于一般过去和过去进行时态见到 by 用完成时态。 by now 现在完成时态 b

y 2005 过去完成时态 by 2050 将来完成时态

10、含有时间状语 recently ，since....., in the past/last two years,never, for two years, three

times(twice), so far=up to now=up to the present 现在完成(进行)时态。

考点对练 2:用所给动词的适当形式填空或填入适当的词（1 个）

1.【2020•浙江高考】By about 6000 BC, people 　 61 　 (discover) the best crops to grow and

animals to raise.

Key：had discovered。考查时态。根据 By about 6000 BC 可知,此处用过去完成时。

2.【2017·天津卷改编】8. I ________（drive）down to London when I suddenly found that I

was on the wrong road.Key: was driving

3.【2016·北京改编】21. Jack ________ （work）in the lab when the power cut occurred.

Key:was working

4. If it _____________(not rain) tomorrow, the students will go to the movies. Key: doesn’t rain

5.John is always ______________(help) others. Key:helping

6.I ____________(learn) 900 English words by the time I was ten.

7.【2015·福建改编】30.—Where is Peter? I can't find him anywhere.

—He went to the library after breakfast and______________(write) his essay there ever since.

Key: has been writing

8. 【2014· 全国大纲卷改编】32.The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody __________

(see)them since. Key: has seen

9.. So far this year we _________ (see) a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. (福建)

key：have seen

10.Hardly ________ I reached the station when the train started.

Key: had 考查句型 hardly......when.....

11.I first __________(read) the fashion magazine two years ago and have subscribed to it since.

Key:read

五、考点应考技巧：

1、在语法填空题中，根据句子结构和各种时态的动词形式判断空格处是谓语动词还是非谓

语动词，如果是谓语动词则根据时间状语和上下文判断用什么时态，

2、在短文改错题中，主要考查一般现在时态与一般过去时态的误用，现在完成时态与一般

过去时态的误用，另外就是主动语态与被动语态的误用。

六、时态语态考点精练

(一)动词时态与语态单句语法填空

1.【(2021·全国甲卷】We 46 (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike

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