专题08 主谓一致(知识讲解+易错习题训练)-2022年九年级英语寒假作业查缺补漏冲刺中考(通用版)

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九年级寒假作业 查缺补漏冲刺中考
(知识讲解+易错习题训练)
专题 08 主谓一致 60
概 念
主谓一致指谓语动词(包括系动词)在人称和数上要和主语保持一致。在解题过程
既要考虑谓语动词或系动词应该使用那种时态,又要考虑使用单复数的问题。
主谓一致的定义个三大原则
主谓一致是句子主语和谓语在“人称”和“数”方面保持一致,一般遵循三个原
则:语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。
(一)语法一致原则
主语的单复数决定了谓语动词的单复数。
1)以单数名词或代词、动词不定式、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词用单
形式。主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。
His father is working on the farm. (单数名词作主语)
To study English well is not easy. (动词不定式作主语)
What he said is very important for us all. (名词性从句作主语)
The children were in the classroom two hours ago. (复数名词作主语)
Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. (动名词作主语)
2 as well as as much as no less than, along with with,
likerather than together withbutexceptbesidesincludingin addition to
导的词组时,其谓语动词的单、复数按主语的单、复数而定。例如:
The teacher as well as the students was excited.
老师和同学们都很兴奋。
I think Tom, rather than you wants to play basketball.
我认为是汤姆而不是想去打篮球。
The headmaster, along with his teachers, was present at the meeting yesterday.
这个校长和他的老师都参加了昨天会议
3and, both...and...连接两个不同的主语,谓语动词用复数形式。
Mike and Sue are always playing computer games.
迈克和休总是打电脑游戏。
注意:如果 and 连接两个单数可数名词或不可数名词,表示同一人、同一物或同一概
念,或表示不可分的整体时,谓语动词用单数形式。
The writer and teacher is introducing his new book.
这位教师兼作家正在推销他的新书。
4)在定语从句时,关系代词 that, who, which 等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中
先行词的数一致。
E.g. He is one of my friends who are working hard.
在定语从句中,先行词为 one of +复数名词,其定语从句的谓语动词用复数形式。若先
行词为 the only one of +复数名词,则定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。
E.g. He is one of my friends who are working hard. (先行词是 friends)
E.g. He is the only one of my friends who is working hard.(所以先行词是 one)
5)“many a/more than one+单数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数。each, every, no
所修饰的名词作主语时,即使有 and 连接,谓语动词仍用单数。
Many a good student has been destroyed by computer games.
许多好学生都毁在了电脑游戏上。
Every boy and every girl wants to play smart phones. 
每个男生和女生都想玩手机。
【小叮咛】
★ 若 each 在句中作同位语,则谓语动词用复数形式。
E.g. Each of us likes singing this song.
E.g. We each like singing this song.
none of 后面的名词是不可数名词,它的谓语动词就要用单数;若它后面的名词
是复数,它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。
E.g. None of us has (have) been to America.
★ 在口语中当 either neither 后跟有"of+复数名词(或代词)"作主语时,其谓语动词
也可用复数。
E.g. Neither of the texts is (are) interesting.
(二)意义一致原则
意义一致原则指不管主语的形式是单数还是复数,主语的意义决定了谓语动词的单
数。
1)集体名词作主语时,若被看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式;若被看作是构
整体的一个个成员,谓语动词用复数形式。常见的集体名词有 family, class, team,
group, public, committee, government, audience 等。
Almost every family in the country owns a car.
这个国家几乎家家都有一辆汽车。
My family are crazy about singing.
我们一家人都酷爱唱歌。
注意:形式为单数但意义为复数概念police, people 等集合名词作主语时,谓语动
用复数。
The police are trying their best to protect our country. 
警察正在尽自己最大努力保护我们的国家。
2“分//the majorityof”作动词取决of
后名词的数以及其表示的意义;all, some, half, most, the rest 等作主语时,谓语动词的
单复数取决于主语实际表达的意义。
Three fourths of the surface of the earth is covered with water.
地球上四分三的地方被水覆盖
70 percent of people have known about the truth. 
百分之七十的人知这个真相
3)“the+形词”表示一人,在句中作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
The young need to care for the old.
照顾老人。
4)“a number of+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式,“the number of
复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
A number of new houses have been built there
The number of the people who know the secret is very limited
5)表示时距离重量金额等复数名词作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式。
Ten years is quite a long time.
15 miles seems like a long walk to me.
30 dollars is too high a price for the book.
(三)就近一致原则
就近一致原则指谓语动词的单复数形式取决于它最近的主语的单复数。
1or, either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but (also).., not...but...
语,谓语动词的数常与最近的主语保持一致。
Not only I but also she is enjoying the film.
我而且她都在津津乐道地看电
Neither you nor I am good at English .
语,我也不
2)在 there be ,若有几并列成分作主语,谓语动词的数常和的主
语保持一致。
There are three books and a pen on the desk.
子上有三书和一支钢笔
There is a book, two pencils and some buttons on the table.
子上,有一书,两支铅笔和一些扣子。
1________ birds are flying to the south. ________ them ________ over 1000.
AA number of; The number of; are BA number of; The number of; is
CThe number of; A number of; are DThe number of; A number of; is
专题08 主谓一致(知识讲解+易错习题训练)-2022年九年级英语寒假作业查缺补漏冲刺中考(通用版).docx

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