突破14 宾语从句(间接引语)-2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识专项突破(通用版)

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2023 年中考英语一轮复习语法知识专项突破(通用版)14

宾语从句（间接引语）

【知识突破】

一、复合句之表语从句与宾语从句

1、概念：

主从复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句为句子的主体 ,从句只用作句子的一个次

要成分,不能独立成为一个句子。从句通常由关联词引导,并由关联词将从句和主句联系在一起。如：

While the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them.(爷爷奶奶们很爱孩子,同时对他们也

严格要求。) / It seemed as if the meeting would never end .(看起来会议没完没了。) / Hurry up, or

(else) you'll be late .(快点, 要不然就来不及了。) / However I cook eggs , the child still refuses to eat

them.(不管我用什么方法煮鸡蛋,小孩还是不肯吃。)

2、分类：

从句按其在复合句中的作用,分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句等。（参见

以下各条）

3、各从句在句子中的位置以及用法：

(1) 表语从句：在句子中作连系动词的表语的从句,它位于主句中的系动词之后。

例如：That is why he did not come to school yesterday. / It is because you are so clever.

(2) 宾语从句：在句子中作及物动词或介词的宾语。

①基本形式：（主句＋）连词+从句主语+从句谓语+...

② 关于宾语从句连词的选择：

若从句来源于一个陈述句,那么,连词用 that,在口语中 that 可以省略;

若从句来源于一个一般疑问句,连词则用 if 或whether;

若从句来源于一个特殊疑问句,则连词就是疑问词(如what,who,where,when 等)

例如：They believe that the computer will finally take the place of human beings.(他们相信计算机

终将代替人类。) (从句本来就是陈述句)/ I wonder whether I should say something for him to

the headmaster. (我不知道是不是该为他在校长跟前说点什么。) (从句来源于一般问句 Shall I

say something for him to the headmaster?) / He asked me where he could get such medicine. (他

问我在哪儿能搞到那样的药。) (从句来源于特殊问句 Where can he get such medicine? )

③ 宾语从句的时态问题：如果主句是现在时,从句则用现在某一时态,甚至可以用过去时；

如主句是过去时,从句则相应地使用过去某一时态,遇到客观真理时仍然用现在时。如：I think

I will do better in English this term. (我想本学期我的英语会学得好点。) / The teacher asked

the boy if the earth is round. (老师问那个男孩地球是不是圆的。)

④ 下列结构后面的从句一般也作为宾语从句看待：

be sorry / afraid / sure / glad +that 从句,如：I’m sorry I’m late. (对不起,我迟到了。)

二、直接引语和间接引语概略

1、直接引语和间接引语：在陈述句中,直接引用说话人原来的语句,称为直接引语。在书写时,直接引语用引

号。用自己的词语来转述表达原来说话人说的内容,称为间接引语。

2、直接引语改变为间接引语：

1、直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时应注意以下各点：

①不用引号,而用连接词 that,但有时可省略。

②人称作相应变化；

③主句里的动词如果是过去时,间接引语中的时态一般应作相应改变：一般现在时变一般过去时；

一般将来时变过去将来时；现在进行时变过去进行时；现在完成时变成过去完成时；一般过去时

变成过去完成时；但一般过去时如与一个具体的过去时间连用,则时态不变。

如：He says,"I am not from the USA.”→He says that he is not from the USA.

Mr Smith said to his girl friend,“ I haven’ t seen you for a long time.”

→Mr Smith said to his girl friend that he had not seen her for a long time.

2、直接引语如果是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,需用从属连接词 whether 或if 引导,词序要改变。如：

Lin Tao said to Miss Green, "Is it made in China?” →Lin Tao asked Miss Green if it was made in

China.

3、直接引语如果是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,需用疑问词引导,词序是：连词+主语+谓语。

如：Lucy said to me, “How can I help?” →Lucy asked me how she could help .

4、直接引语如是祈使句,变间接引语时,须将祈使句变为动词不定式,并在动词不定式前用 tell, ask,

order. 如：He said to the little boy,“ Come here, young man! ”

→He asked the little boy to go there.

5、直接引语变为间接引语时,指示代词以及表示时间和地点的词或词组应作相应变化：

this

these

now

ago

today

this week(month,etc.)

next week ( month,etc.)

yesterday

tomorrow

here

that

those

then

before

that day

that week ( month,etc.)

the next week ( month,etc.)

the day before

the next (following) day

there

在直接引语中在间接引语中

【能力突破】

1. I ________ think Kate ________ in the classroom now.

A. /; isn’t B. don’t; isn’t C. don’t; is D. not; is

2. Could you please tell me ________?

A. when will the visitors come to our school

B. when the visitors will come to our school

C. when do the visitors come to our school

3. I hope our team ________ the game tomorrow.

A. to win B. winning C. will win D. win

4. — Will you buy this tie for Dad?

— I have no idea. I don’t know 　　　 or not the colour matches his new shirt.

A. if B. that

C. why D. whether

5. Your skirt is so nice. Could you tell me _____? ---Sure. On Taobao Shop.

A. where did you buy B. when did you buy

C. where you buy D. when you buy

6. —Lucy, you should spend more time practicing running! I’m not sure ________.

—Don’t worry, mum. I will practice at once.

A. that you will pass the PE examination in the coming April

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