突破05 形容词与副词-2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识专项突破(通用版)

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2023 年中考英语一轮复习语法知识专项突破(通用版)05
形容词与副词
【知识突破】
一、形容词:用来说明或修饰名词、代词的词称为形容词。
1形容词句法作用:作句子中名词的定语、句子的表语以及宾语补足语。
2、形容词在句子中的位置
1)作定语时放在名词的前面,且音节少的词放在音节多的词之前。如:a big yellow wooden wheel(一个黄
色的大木轮)
2)作表语时放在连系动词之后。如:The price sounds reasonable.(这个价格听起来算是合理)
3)作宾语补足语时放在宾语之后。如:We must try our best to keep our environment clean.(我们必须尽力
保持我们的环境清洁)
4)后置的情况:
①修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后。如:Something serious has happened to him.(他发生了严重的事故)
He’s 1.8 metres tall.(1.8
米。)The moon is about 380,000 kilometres away from the earth.(月球离地 38 万公里)
3有关形容词的用法辨析
whole all序: the whole + all (of) the + He was busy the
whole morning.(整个早晨他都很忙) / He can remember all the words he learns.(他能记住学过的所有单词)
tall high, short low:指人的个子时用 tall short;指其他事物时一般用 high low。如:He’s
very tall/short.(他个子高/) / Tall trees are standing on both sides of that avenue.(大道的两侧有高大的树木) /
A few people live on high mountains.(少量的人住在高山上)
real truereal 一般指东西的真假,译为“真的”;而 true 则指事情或消息的可靠性,译为“真实
的”。如:This is a real diamond(
钻石
) and it’s very expensive.(这是货真价实的钻石,非常贵) / --Is that true?
—Yes. I heard it with my own ears.(那真实吗? 是的,我亲耳所听)
interested interesting 的区别:interesting 人或东西“有趣的”,定语或表语,interested
示人对别的事物“感兴趣的”,只能作表语。如:The man is very interesting and all the children like him. (
个人很有,子们都喜欢他)/ This book is interesting and you can really enjoy yourself.(这本书很有趣,
真正获得享受) / I am interested in science.(我对自然科学感兴趣)
such such + a(n) + ()(+that )I have never seen such a foolish()
boy.(我从来没有见过这么蠢的男孩) / He had such a terrible accident that he could never forget it.(他遭遇了这
么可怕的事故,他永远也不会忘记)
good well:表示“好”时,作定语或表语用 good,作状语用 well;表示“()好”时用 well.如:
Doing sports is good for us.(进行运动对我们有益) / Study well and make progress every day.(好好学习,天天向
) / --How are you?—I am very well.(你好吗?我很好。)
nice fine:的区别nice 表示令人愉快的,以指东西、人物外表等fine 一般指身体或天气好。
如:Let’s go and share() the nice cake.(我们去分享那块美味的蛋糕吧) / She is a nice girl.(他是个漂亮的
姑娘) / What a fine day!(多好的天气!) /He’s fine recently(最近).(近来他身体不错)
too much much tootoo much 表示“太多的,修饰物数量;much too 表示太过,过分,
饰形容词或副词。如:I am full because I have had too much rice.(我饱了,因为我吃了太多的米饭) / That
coat is much too dear.(那件大衣太贵了)
quick
fast soonquick fast 基本同,quick 往往反应速度,fast 往往指运动速度,soon
则表示时上很快发生。如:After a quick breakfast, he hurried to school leaving his bag at home.(匆匆
地吃过早饭,,忘记在) / A train is much faster than a bus.(火车比共汽车快得多) /
His father will be back to China very soon.(亲很快就要返回)
lonely alonelonely 是表示动的形容词,是:“孤独,寂寞,作定语或表语alone
意思是:“自的,的”,,表语,(作为副词的 alone 可作状)。如He lives alone but
he doesn’t feel lonely.(他一人,到孤独)/ He is a lonely person. You can not easily get on well
with him.(他是个孤独的人,要和相处好实在不)
other else 区别:两个词都可以作形容,是用不同,other else 定代
疑问词、littlemuch,后置,,or else 表示“则”,是连词。如:The other students are on the playground.
() / Who else can work out this maths problem?() / This is
nobody else’s money. It’s mine.(,是 我的 。 ) / Do you have anything else to say for
yourself?(为自说的吗?
special especial 的区别:表示事件不同常、过分或特殊,两个词可互换,special 为常用。
,special 可以表示别的的。如She pays (e)special attention to clothes.(非常着装) / These
are special chairs for small children.(专门给小孩子的)
gone
lost
missing 的区别:gone 表示“,没了”,一去不复,也可以表示“了”,
作表语或宾补,不可以作定语;lost 示“,含难找回,可作定语、表语或宾补;missing 表示
,,,或宾My fever() is gone, but I still
have a cough.(退,) / The parents found the lost child at last.(于找到迷路
) / My dictionary is missing.Who’s taken it away?(我 的 字 典 不见了,谁拿走了 ? ) / For more detailed
information() of the missing girls, please visit our website(网址).(想知失踪女孩们,请访问
们的网站)
living
alive
live
lively 的区别:个词都来源于动词 live住”。
living [‘liviN]意思,或定, “② 一的、,③ 相
lively,意思是“强烈的、活泼的”;
live [laiv],指东西“的”,可以替换living
alive [[‘laiv]作表语,指人“活着的”,作定语,则放在名词的后面;
lively [‘laivli]意思:①有生气的、活泼的、快, (② 色)鲜艳,生动的、真实的。
如:A living language should be learned orally(口头).(的语应该)() / We have
a living hope that you will succeed.(我们强烈希望你能成功) / Is she still alive?(她还活着吗?) / They are the
happiest children alive.(他们是的孩子) / This is a live fish.(条活鱼) / A live wire(线) is
dangerous.(线) / She is as lively as a kitten().(她像小猫) / He gave a lively
description of the football match.(他生动地描述了那足球)
sick ill 区别sick ill 表示“生的”,,sick 可以语、表语,ill 语。如:
He has been ill/sick for a long time and he is very weak now.(,虚弱) / Vets help treat sick
pets and most of the pets’ owners like them.(兽医帮助诊治患病,很受人们的喜)
the poor(人们) / the rich(人们)等用法:“the+形容词”这一结构可以表示一人物,复数含义
如:We must try our best to help the poor.(助穷人们) / The rich never know how the poor are
living.(哪知穷么过)
、副词:用来说明事情发生的时、地因、方式含义或说明其形容词或副词程度的词
词。
1副词的分()
副 词
频度
/位副
程度副词
方式
疑问/
其他副词
today, tomorrow, once, here, there, very, too, well, how, too, also,
突破05 形容词与副词-2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识专项突破(通用版).docx

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