上海市晋元高级中学2021届高三下学期第二次月考英语试题 含解析

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2020-20 学年晋元中学高三下英语二次月考
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically
correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other
blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Surprising Facts About At-Home DNA Tests
If you send your DNA to two different companies to find out about your ancestry, you may end up with two
different results. That's ____1____ there's no certification (鉴定) required for DNA-testing companies. They may
get the basic idea correct — ____2____ you are a little less than half northern European, for example, but when
they say you're 30 percent from here and 60 percent from there, it's a statistical guess based on their own database
and method.
Your results will be ____3____ (precise) if you're not a native. The more people from your ancestral region in
a company's database, the more accurate your results will be.
You can find out your risk of diseases such as cancer and Alzheimer's from an at-home DNA test kit, but a
laboratory ____4____ (authorize) to do medical testing will give you much more conclusive results.
The results of your genetic testing could affect your ability to get insurance. ____5____ federal law prohibits
health insurers from denying coverage based on genetic test results, the law does not apply to life, disability, and
long-term-care insurance.
Law-enforcement agencies are increasingly using family tree DNA databases to solve crimes, as was done in
the arrest of a former police officer accused of being the Golden State Killer. California detectives took the DNA
results from various crime scenes, ____6____ (look) for partial matches on a public genealogy database, and
eventually found their man.
The market is also exploding with companies ____7____ (claim) they can pinpoint the right product -- for
your skin or your waistline, for instance - based on a DNA test. But consider them entertainment ____8____ real
science, Greely says. A study found that diets based on genetic tests didn't help people lose weight.
Still, DNA tests can answer questions you've had about yourself - and ____9____ you didn't know to ask. For
example, for _____10_____ additional cost, 23 and Me will include your results on more than 25 individual traits,
including if you are likely to be a morning person, whether your hatred of cilantro is genetic, and if your earwax is
more likely to be dry or wet.
【答案】1. because
2. that 3. less precise
4. authorized
5. While##Although##Though
6. looked 7. Claiming
8. instead of##rather than
9. ones 10. an
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文举例介绍了关于家庭 DNA 测试的惊人事实。
【1题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：这是因为 DNA 检测公司不需要认证。分析句子可知，应使用 because 引导表语从句，
表达“因为”之意。故填 because。
【2题详解】
考查同位语从句。句意：他们可能会得到正确的基本概念——比如说，你比半个北欧人少一半，但当他们
说你离这里 30%，离那里 60%，这是基于他们自己的数据库和方法的统计猜测。先行词为 idea，后跟 that
引导的同位语从句，从句句子成分齐全、句意完整，应用只起连接作用、无实意的 that 引导。故填 that。
【3题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：如果你不是本地人，你的结果就不那么精确了。此处是和 native 比较，所以用
比较级，表示“不大准确”应使用 less precise。故填 less precise。
【4题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：你可以通过家用 DNA 检测试剂盒了解自己患癌症和阿尔茨海默氏症等疾病的风
险，但是经授权进行医学检测的实验室会给你更具决定性的结果。authorize 和它所修饰的词之间是被动关
系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填 authorized。
【5题详解】
考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然联邦法律禁止医疗保险公司基于基因检测结果拒绝承保，但该法律不适用
于人寿保险、残疾保险和长期护理保险。法律不适用于人寿、残疾和长期护理保险。分析句子可知，空处
引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”，应使用连接词 While/Although/Though 引导。故填 While/Although/
Though。
【6题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：加利福尼亚的侦探们从不同的犯罪现场采集了 DNA 结果，在公共的家谱数据库中
寻找部分匹配，最终找到了他们要找的人。根据空前的 took 可知，此处描述已发生的事情，所以用一般过
去时态。故填 looked。
【7题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：随着一些公司声称他们可以精确定位适合你的皮肤或腰围的产品，市场也在爆炸
式增长，例如，基于 DNA 测试。with 的宾语和 claim 之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾补。故填
Claiming。
【8题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：但是把它们看作是娱乐，而不是真正的科学，Greely 说。表示“而不是”应使用介
词短语instead of/ rather than，后跟名词。故填 instead of 或 rather than。
【9题详解】
考查代词。句意：尽管如此，DNA 测试可以回答你对自己的疑问，以及那些你不知道该问的问题。泛指
questions，可数名词复数，所以用代词ones。故填 ones。
【10 题详解】
考查冠词。句意：例如，额外的成本，“23 和我”项目将包括针对个人的超过25 种个人特征，包括你是
否是一个早起的人，你对香菜的憎恨是否是遗传的，你的耳垢更可能是干的还是湿的。泛指一笔费用，所
以用不定冠词，additional 是以元音音素开头的词，应用 an。故填 an。
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that
there is one word more than you need.
A. stranded B. unsettling C. vast D. alternating E. titled F. breaking
G. unparalleled H. unfolding I. sprung J. distress K. solidity
Finding Comfort in War and Peace
Over the past 15 years, Yiyun Li, a Chinese-American author, has read War and Peace at least a dozen times.
Her hardback copy of Leo Tolstoy's 1,200 - page saga bristles with colored notes, like some exotic lizard's spine.
The novel is not just a masterclass in fiction, Ms. Li believes, but a cure for ___11___. At the most difficult times
in her life, she says, she has turned to it again and again, reassured by its "___12___" in the face of uncertainty.
War and Peace - originally ___13___ The Year 1805 - is widely considered the world's greatest novel. It is also
among the most daunting(令人敬畏的), acknowledged Richard Pevear, one of its translators, "as ___14___ as
Russia itself." Its huge canvas(画布)encompasses(包含)not just Napoleon's wars against the Russian and Austro-
Hungarian empires from 1805 to 1812, but a cast whose actions and emotions span the breath of human
consciousness. As a literary critic has noted, Tolstoy is the supreme novelist of human conflicts. His epic(史诗)is
a(n) ___15___ examination of how people respond to the pressure of both wars and ordinary life.
So large is Tolstoy's world, Ms. Li reckoned, that there could be no better companion for people ___16___ in
isolation. She thought of virtual book club to sustain readers through the lockdown. Participants around the globe
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