上海市金山区张堰中学2020-2021学年高二下学期期中英语试题 含解析

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2020-2021 学年上海市金山区张堰中学
高二下学期期中英语试卷
I. Listening Comprehension(略)
II. Grammar and
Vocabulary Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and
grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of
the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Albert Einstein completely changed scientific thought. After he ____1____ (develop) the
Theory of Relativity, Einstein opened the door for the creation of the atomic bomb. Although
Einstein was not famous in his lifetime, he later became ____2____ (famous) scientist of the 20th
century.
Although Einstein ____3____ (consider) the best example of genius, in the first two decades
of his life, many people thought Einstein was the exact opposite. When Einstein didn’t talk until
was three years old, his parents worried something was wrong with him. Einstein also failed
____4____ (impress) his teachers. From elementary school through college, his teachers and
professors thought him lazy, sloppy, and insubordinate (不屈服的). Many of his teachers thought
he would never amount to anything.
____5____ appeared to be laziness in class was really boredom. Rather than just memorizing
facts and dates, Einstein preferred to consider questions such as what makes the needle of a
compass point in one direction? Why is the sky blue? What would it be like to travel at the speed
of light?
Unfortunately for Einstein, these were not the types of topics he was taught in school.
____6____ his excellent grades, Einstein found regular schooling to be strict and unfair. Things
changed for Einstein when he ____7____ (treat) Max Talmud friendly, the 21-year-old medical
student ____8____ ate dinner at the Einstein’s once a week. ____9____ Einstein was only eleven
years old, Max introduced Einstein to numerous science and philosophy books and then discussed
their content with him. Einstein flourished in this learning environment and it wasn’t long
____10____ Einstein surpassed (超过) what Max could teach him.
【答案】1. developed
2. the most famous
3. is considered
4. to impress
5. What 6. Despite
7. treated 8. who##that
9. Although##Though##While
10. before
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了爱因斯坦的成长经历和学习经历。
【1题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在他发展了相对论之后，爱因斯坦为原子弹的发明打开了大门。根
据“Einstein opened the door for the creation of the atomic bomb”可知，此处应用一般过去时。
故填 developed。
【2题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：虽然爱因斯坦在世时并不出名，但他后来成为 20 世纪最著名的
科学家。根据“of the 20th century”可知，此处是指三者或三者以上的比较，所以应用最
高级。此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词 scientist。故填 the most famous。
【3题详解】
考查动词时态及语态。句意：尽管爱因斯坦被认为是天才的典范，但在他生命的前二十年
里，许多人认为爱因斯坦恰恰相反。爱因斯坦被认为是天才的典范是客观事实，所以此处
应用一般现在时。动词 consider 意为“认为”和从句主语 Einstein 构成被动关系，从句主语
为第三人称单数。故填 is considered。
【4题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：爱因斯坦也没能给老师留下深刻印象。fail to do sth.意为“没能做某
事”，为固定搭配。故填 to impress。
【5题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：在课堂上看似懒惰的其实是无聊。在主语从句中缺少主语，且是指
事物，所以应用连接代词 what。句首首字母应大写。故填 What。
【6题详解】
考查介词。句意：尽管他的成绩优异，爱因斯坦发现常规的学校教育是严格和不公平的。
根据“his excellent grades”和“Einstein found regular schooling to be strict and unfair.”可知，
前后构成让步关系，且“his excellent grades”为名词词组，所以应用介词 despite 表示“尽
管”。句首首字母应大写。故填 Despite。
【7题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：当他善待马克斯·塔木德时，爱因斯坦的情况发生了变化。21 岁的塔
木德每周在爱因斯坦家吃一次饭。根据“Things changed”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故
填treated。
【8题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：当他善待马克斯·塔木德时，爱因斯坦的情况发生了变化。21 岁的塔
木德每周在爱因斯坦家吃一次饭。此处是限定性定语，从句中缺少主语，且先行词为
student，应用关系代词 who 或that 引导。故填 who 或that。
【9题详解】
考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然爱因斯坦只有 11 岁，但马克斯向他介绍了许多科学和哲学
书籍，并与他讨论了书籍的内容。“Einstein was only eleven years old”和“Max introduced
Einstein to numerous science and philosophy books and then discussed their content with him”
构成让步关系，此处为让步状语从句，可以用 although，though 或while 表示“尽管”引导
从句。句首首字母应大写。故填 Although/Though/While。
【10 题详解】
考查固定句式。句意：爱因斯坦在这样的学习环境中茁壮成长，不久爱因斯坦就超越了马
克思所能教给他的东西。it wasn't long before 意为“很快，没过多久”，为固定句式，此处
应用连词 before 表示“在……之前”。故填 before。
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be
used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. abstract B. altering C. constantly D. delicately E. intentional F. lowered
G. packed H. reliability I. shaking J. tremble K. vital
If women are mercilessly exploited year after year, they have only themselves to blame.
Because they ___11___ at the thought of being seen it public in clothes that are out of fashion,
they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores. Clothes which have been
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