山西省晋中市平遥县第二中学校2020-2021学年高一下学期周练（八）英语试题 含答案

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平遥二中高一年级周练英语试题（8）
班级_______ 姓名_________
一 阅读理解（10 X 5）
(一)
Nine years ago, when the closest and largest full moon fell on March 19, 2011, many people
used the term, “supermoon”， which we had never heard before. In 2012, we heard this term
again to describe the year’s closest full moon on May 6, 2012. Supermoons also appeared in
2013, 2014, 2015, 2017 and 2019.
What does “supermoon” mean exactly? And how special was the March 19, 2011
supermoon?
The word “supermoon” didn’t come from astronomy. Instead, it came from astrology (占星
学). In 1979, astrologer Richard Nolle defined it as a new or full moon which occurs at or near
its closest point to the earth in its orbit. In short, the earth, moon and sun are all in a line, with
the moon at its nearest point to the earth.
And the full moon of March 19，2011 was the largest moon of that year. This “supermoon”
was at perigee (近地点)—its closest point to the earth in its orbit. It was bigger and brighter
than other full moons of 2011. Astronomers call this sort of close full moon a perigee full
moon.
That doesn’t sound very special, does it? In fact, the March 2011 full moon lined up much
more closely with perigee than Nolle’s original definition. But were you able to notice with
your eyes alone that this full moon was bigger or brighter than usual? Astronomers_said_no.
But it was fun to stand outside under this full moon and know that the moon was closer than
ever.
In 2019, there were three supermoons. The first supermoon of 2019 was the Super Blood
Wolf Moon on January 21, which occurred with a total lunar eclipse (月全食) at the same time,
also known as a “blood moon”. The second supermoon of 2019 was on February 19, also called
the Snow Moon, which was the closest full moon of the year. The third and final supermoon of
2019, known by Native Americans as the Worm Moon, occurred on March 21. It fell on the day
of the vernal equinox (春分), which signals the end of winter and the beginning of spring.
1. What type of moon is a “supermoon”？
A. A full moon. B. A new moon.
C. A full moon at perigee. D. Any full moon in 2011.
2. What do we know about the supermoon of March 2011?
A. It was the first full moon in 2011.
B. It was in the closest orbit to the sun.
C. It was brighter than any other full moon in 2011.
D. It was at its furthest point to the earth.
3. What can we learn from the underlined sentence in the fifth paragraph about a supermoon
and an ordinary full moon?
A. They can appear in the sky at the same time.
B. Only astronomers can see them.
C. The supermoon is as large as an ordinary full moon.
D. People can’t tell the difference between them with the naked eye.
4. What happened to the third supermoon of 2019?
A. It was called the Super Blood Wolf Moon.
B. It was the closest full moon of the year.
C. It was found by Native Americans first.
D. It occurred on the day of the vernal equinox.
(二)
If plastic had been invented when the Pilgrims sailed from Plymouth, England, to North
America—and their Mayflower had been stocked with bottled water and plastic －wrapped
snacks, their plastic waste would likely still be around four centuries later. Atlantic waves and
sunlight would have worn all that plastic into tiny bits. And those bits might still be floating
around the world’s oceans today, waiting to be eaten by some fish or oysters, and finally
perhaps by one of us.
Because plastic wasn’t invented until the late 19th century, and its production only really
took off around 1950, we have a mere 9.2 billion tons of the stuff to deal with. Of that, more
than 6.9 billion tons have become waste. And of that waste, a surprising 6.3 billion tons never
made it to a recycling bin—the figure that shocked the scientists who published the numbers in
2017.
No one knows how much unrecycled plastic waste ends up in the ocean, the earth’s last sink.
In 2015, Jenna Jambeck, a University of Georgia engineering professor, caught everyone’s
attention with a rough estimate: between 5.3 million and 14 million tons of plastic waste each
year just come from coastal regions.
Meanwhile, ocean plastic is estimated to kill millions of marine animals every year. Nearly
700 species, including endangered ones, are known to have been affected by it. Some are
harmed visibly, stuck by abandoned things made of plastic. Many more are probably harmed
invisibly. Marine species of all sizes, from zooplankton ( 浮 游 动 物 ) to whales, now eat
microplastics (微塑料), the bits smaller than one－fifth of an inch across.
“This isn’t a problem where we don’t know what the solution is ，” says Ted Siegler, a
Vermont resource economist who has spent more than 25 years working with developing
nations on garbage. “We know how to pick up garbage. Anyone can do it. We know how to
deal with it. We know how to recycle.” “It’s a matter of building the necessary institutions and
systems，” he says, “ideally before the ocean turns into a thin soup of plastic.”
5. Why does the author mention the Pilgrims in Paragraph 1?
A. To prove plastic was difficult to invent.
B. To introduce what marine animals like eating.
C. To tell the Pilgrims contributed a lot to the marine protection.
D. To show plastic waste has a lasting effect on the ocean.
6. What’s the main trouble marine animals face according to the text?
A. Lacking protection. B. Being stuck by plastics.
C. Being caught by humans. D. Treating plastics as food.
7. What does Ted Siegler want to tell us in the last paragraph?
A. Some people don’t know the solution of the plastic waste.
B. Plastics will turn the ocean into a soup of plastic.
C. It’s time to take measures to deal with plastic waste.
D. People should avoid using plastics to protect the ocean.
8. From which is the text probably taken?
A. A biology textbook. B. A travel brochure.
C. An environmental report. D. A lifestyle magazine.
（三）
What’s life like on a deserted island? Senator Jeff Flake of Arizona decided to find out.
The adventurous senator took a vacation from Capitol Hill and went on a four-day Robinson
Crusoe style holiday with his two teenage sons to a remote, deserted island in the North Pacific
Ocean.
The senator and his sons, 15-year-old Tanner and 13-year-old Dallin, traveled 5,200 miles
from Phoenix, Arizona to the island of Biggarenn. They didn’t carry any food or water.
山西省晋中市平遥县第二中学校2020-2021学年高一下学期周练（八）英语试题 含答案.docx

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