2021年初中英语中考语法复习讲义特殊句型从句时态

第十讲动词的时态和语态

中考需要掌握的时态和语态分别是：一般现在时及其被动语态、一般过去时及其被动语态、一般将来时及其

被动语态、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、含情态动词的被动语态。

考点一动词的时态

1．一般现在时。

表示经常性、习惯性的动作，常与 often, usually, always 等时间状语连用，表示客观真理。

She often works at the week end.她经常在周末工作。

There are four seasons in a year.一年有四季。

1.(2018·广东中考)Unless the weather ,we will have to cancel the picnic.

A. improve B.improves C.improved D.will improve

2. (2018·湖北)Kevin will gives less homework to his students if he a teacher.

A.becomes B.become C.became D.becoming

3. (2018·四川南充)Alice prefers stories that short and funny.

A. are B.is C.was D.were

4. I will send you an e-mail as soon as I in London.

A.arrived B.arrive C.will arrive

2．一般过去时。

表示过去发生的动作；be 动词的一般过去时为 was, were，实义动词的一般过去时为动词的过去式。常与 just

now, yesterday, last week, ago 等表示过去时间的状语连用。

Who did you see at the meeting yesterday？昨天的会议上你看见了谁？

1.——There is someone knocking at the door.

——It must be the computer repairman.I him to come to fix my computer.

A. call B.have called C.called D.will call

2.My mind wasn’t on what he was saying so I’m afraid I half of it.

A.missed B.was missing C.will miss D.would miss

3.As we all know,the Silk Road China to the west in ancient times.

A.connects B.connected C.will connect D.is connecting

3．一般将来时。

由“shall/will＋动词原形”构成，shall 用于第一人称，will 用于各种人称；此外还有“be going to＋动词原

形”的形式。常与 tomorrow, next week 等表示将来的时间状语连用。

I am going to stay for a week.我打算待一个星期。

Look at the dark clouds. It is going to rain.看那乌云，要下雨了。

★be going to do 表示将来是指事先经过考虑的打算或有迹象表明要发生某事。

Look on the bright side of life ,and imagine that you a happy and successful future.

A. had B.will have C.have D.have had

Hurry up !The sky is covered with dark clouds.I’m afraid it .

A. rains B.is going to rain C.rained D.was raining

——Have you watched the new movie Jurassic World,Steven?

——Not yet.I it with cousin this evening.

A.eat B.have eaten C.ate D.am going to eat

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4．现在进行时。

由 “am/is/are＋现在分词”构成，表示现在正在发生的事情或近期一直在做的事情。句中常有 now, look, listen 等

标志词。

Look! A bird is flying in the sky.看！一只鸟在天上飞。

She is teaching at a night school now.现在她在一所夜校教学。

1.Turn off the water while you your teeth or washing your hands.

A.were brushing B.brush c.are brushing D.brushed

2.The zoo keeper is worried because the number of visitors smaller and smaller.

A.become B.are becoming C.is becoming D.have become

3.we are proud that China stronger and stronger these day.

A.will become B.become C.is becoming D.was becoming

4.——Cathy,can you answer the door?I the room.

——I’m coming,Mum.

A.clean B.cleaned C.have cleaned D.am cleaning

5．过去进行时。

由“was/were＋现在分词”构成，表示过去某一时间正在发生的事情或过去某段时间一直在做的事情。常与

this time yesterday, “when＋过去动作”等时间状语连用。

She was watching TV at this time yesterday.昨天这个时候她正在看电视。

They were waiting for you last night.昨晚他们一直在等你。

1. ——Oh,dear!A power cut!

——Sorry.I didn’t know you the washing machine.

A. are using B.used C.use D.were using

2. While the criminal a hat,the girl called the police.

A. was buying B.bought C.buys D.is buying

3. I don’t know what happened.At that time,I a basketball match on TV.

A.was watching B.watched C.watch D.would watch

4.——Why did the car hit the boy?

——Because the driver on the phone at that time.

A.talk B.is talking C.was taking D.have talked

6．现在完成时。

① 由“have/has＋过去分词”构成，表示过去某时发生的动作一直延续到现在或过去的动作对现在有影响。标志

词有 since, for, already, yet, so far 等。

I have lived in London since 10 years ago.自从 10 年前我就一直在伦敦居住。[来源:Z|xx|k.Com]

They have lost the match.他们已经输了比赛。

② 当句中有“How long...？/since.../for...”等时间状语时，句中动词要用延续性动词。非延续性动词与延续性动词的

转换如下：

buy→have　　borrow→keep　　leave→be away

die→be dead become→be come to→be in[来源:学科网]

begin→be on stop→be over open/close→be open/closed[来源:学科网 ZXXK]

leave＋地点→be away from＋地点

join→be in/a member of

1．(2018·山东莱芜中考)—Could you help me clean the floor, Bob?

2

—Wait a moment. I for some information about the World Cup.

A．search B have searched C．am searching D was searching

2．(2018·上海中考)Michael in a school in Yunnan from February to June next year.

A．teach B．taught C．will teach D．was teaching

3．(2018·湖北黄冈中考)—Your new watch is so nice! When did you buy it?

—In April. I it for two months.

A．have had B．had C．have bought D．bought

3.She her hometown for many for many years.No one nearly knows her.

A.has been away from B.has left C.had left D.is away from

4.School violence much attention of the whole society and people are calling on the government to make laws against it

as early as possible.

A.drew B.will drew C.has drawn D.was drawing

考点二被动语态

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

1．主动变被动结构图：

★及物动词有被动语态，不及物动词必须带有介词才可以有被动语态。

2．各种时态的被动语态构成：

语态构成例句

一般现在时的

被动语态 am/is/are＋过去分词 This machine is made in China.

这台机器是中国制造的。

一般过去时的

被动语态 were/was＋过去分词 Jim was told to come early.

吉姆被告知要早到。

一般将来时的

被动语态[来

源:Z+xx+k.Com]

will/shall＋be＋过去分词 The bridge will be finished in a month.这座桥将在一

个月后竣工。

现在进行时的

被动语态 am/is/are being＋过去分词 The flowers are being watered by the workers.工人们

正在浇花。

现在完成时的

被动语态 have/has been＋过去分词 My car has been repaired for a week.

我的车修了有一个星期了。

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2021年初中英语中考语法复习讲义特殊句型从句时态

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