专题11 短文填词（解析版）

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短文填词

福建省该题型有三种考查形式:音标填词(3 空)、用所给提示词的适当形式填空(4 空)和盲填(3 空),共设

空10 处。

考点一　音标填词

因所考音标多为元音、长音、重读音节,所考词性均为实义词,如名词、动词、形容词、副词,且均为课

标中的重点词汇,所以平时注意其音节和词汇拼写。

考点二　构词法

英语中,构词法主要有三种:① 合成;② 派生;③ 转化。另外还有缩略法和缩写法等。

考点三　词类变化

1.名词:变复数;所有格;形容词。

2.形容词:变副词;级别变化。

3.副词:级别变化。

4.数词:序数词或基数词。

5.代词:主格变宾格、形容词性物主代词或反身代词。

考点四　无提示词填空

无提示词填空题型常见类:介词、冠词、连词、代词等。

1.介词:根据语境或者固定搭配填写合适的介词。

2.冠词:判断表示泛指还是特指,确定填不定冠词还是定冠词。

3.连词:判断其连接的是并列句还是从句等。

4.代词:根据语境判断用什么形式的代词。

随堂练习

一

　　阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义

准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。

　　Notre-Dame de Paris(巴黎圣母院)in central Paris was built between the 12th and 14th centuries. It is one of

the world􀆳s best-known monuments. Unfortunately, 　 1 　 the evening of April 15, it was damaged by a serious

fire.

The fire　 2 　 (seem)to have started on the roof at the back of the cathedral. It spread quickly, sending flames

3 　 smoke high into the sky above Paris. The spire(教堂塔尖)at the center of the cathedral glowed(发光)red and

fell down　 4 　 (final). Thousands of people gathered along the　 5 　 (bank) of the Seine(塞纳河). They were all

deeply shocked by the scene.

“It is like　 6 　 (lose) a member of one’s own family,” a 45-year-old marketing director said.“For me, there

are so　 7 　 memories about it.”

About 500 firefighters battled the fire through the night. After nearly　 8 　 /faɪv/hours, they managed to bring

the fire under　 9 　 /kənˈtrəʊl/. French officials said they had saved the 　 10 　 /stəʊn/structure of the building.

However, two-thirds of the roof was destroyed.

Restoration(修复)work was under way at the cathedral. The cathedral will rise again in time.

1. 【答案】on　

【解析】本题考查介词。根据后面的 Apri 15 可知,在具体的某一天要用介词 on,故填 on。

2. 【答案】seemed　

【解析】本题考查动词时态。根据语境可知此处应用一般过去时,故填 seemed。

3. 【答案】and/with　

【解析】本题考查连词。根据句意可知填 and 或with。

4. 【答案】finally　

【解析】本题考查副词。finally 最后地,副词修饰动词。

5. 【答案】banks　

【解析】本题考查名词复数。根据句意可知,塞纳河两岸聚集了成千上万人,故填 banks。

6. 【答案】losing　

【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。like(像)为介词,介词后加动名词,故填 losing。

7. 【答案】many　

【解析】本题考查限定词。根据句意可知,此处表示如此多的记忆,由memories 可知填 many。

8. 【答案】five　

【解析】本题考查音标。由音标可知填 five。

9. 【答案】control　

【解析】本题考查音标。由音标可知填 control。

10. 【答案】stone　

【解析】本题考查音标。由音标可知填 stone。

二

　　阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义

准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。

　　From deserts and beaches to playgrounds, sand is a common sight. But you might not know that sand is also

a useful resource.

Sand is the second most-used resource in the world after water, the BBC reported. However, the UN said that

sand is not limitless and that we might be running out of 　 1 　 .

Sand is made up of very small 　 2 　 (piece)of rock, soil and minerals(矿物质). It can take tens of thousands

of years to form. But now we are using sand more　 3 　 (quick) than it is being formed. According to the BBC, we

use about 15 billion tons of sand every year　 4 　 build houses, roads and other things.

People also put sand in the 　 5 　 [siː]to make new islands. For example, the Palm Islands are made up of

three 　 6 　 [lɑːdʒ]man-made islands in Dubai, the United Arab Emirates. In 2010, they 　 7 　 (take)94 million

cubic meters of sand to build.

If people keep　 8 　 (use)this much sand, it will run out in many places. For example, Vietnam may run out

of construction sand by 2020, Live Science noted.

　 9 　 [sɪns]people need so much sand, they are trying to mine( 开采 )more of it. But this is bad for the

environment. Mining sand may　 10 　 beaches to disappear and more floods to happen in places close to the sea.

Also, this may affect the habitats(栖息地)of many plants and animals.

1. 【答案】it　

【答案】本题考查代词。根据句意可知此处指沙子,故填 it。

2. 【答案】pieces

【答案】　本题考查名词复数。piece 是可数名词,由后面的 rock,soil and minerals 可知填 pieces。

3. 【答案】quickly

【答案】　本题考查副词的比较级。副词修饰动词,故填 quickly。

4. 【答案】to　

【答案】本题考查固定搭配。根据 use sth. to do sth.可知此处填 to。

5. 【答案】sea　

【答案】本题考查音标。根据音标可知填 sea。

6. 【答案】large

【答案】　本题考查音标。根据音标可知填 large。

7. 【答案】took　

【答案】本题考查动词时态。根据前面的 In 2010 可知此处用一般过去时,故填 took。

8. 【答案】using

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